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SOC 17-2151
Mining and Geological Engineers (O*NET 17-2151.00) conduct subsurface surveys to assess land and mining development sites, select and plan safe, economical, environmentally sound extraction methods and facilities, inspect unsafe conditions, and implement mine safety programs.
Model impact index for three equally weighted representative core tasks; not a measured share of working time or a job-loss probability. floor((75+50+25)/3+0.5)=50; fermatmind-ai-impact-v1; 2026-10-18.
Suited to people who can compare plans using geological and engineering data, identify unsafe conditions and maintain safety procedures, and record honestly.
Note: Personality labels and interest codes cannot determine fit or qualifications. These exercises confer no mining, ventilation, blasting, or mine safety authority and use no actual mine data.
Suitable conditions: Willingness to compare engineering options under geological uncertainty, cost, and safety constraints, and ability to design and review mining methods, facilities, and safety plans.
Boundary: This page covers only O*NET 17-2151.00 (Mining and Geological Engineers, Including Mining Safety Engineers) for career exploration. Actual mine work, ventilation, ground support, and blasting design must follow employer procedures and local regulations.
Mining and Geological Engineers (O*NET 17-2151.00) conduct subsurface surveys to characterize potential land or mining development sites, develop safe, economical, environmentally sound extraction plans and ground support, inspect unsafe geological, equipment, and operating conditions, and design, implement, and coordinate mine safety programs.
Mining and Geological Engineers (O*NET 17-2151.00) conduct subsurface surveys to characterize potential land or mining development sites, develop safe, economical, environmentally sound extraction plans and ground support, inspect unsafe geological, equipment, and operating conditions, and design, implement, and coordinate mine safety programs.
Career direction comparison
Compare geological objects, engineering outputs, safety responsibilities, and qualifications. Similar names do not make duties and safety responsibilities interchangeable.
| Career direction | Core work and output | Key differences | Best-fit choice |
|---|---|---|---|
| Mining and Geological Engineers (this occupation) | Conduct subsurface surveys and reserve assessments and select and plan extraction methods and mine facilities. | Difference from civil engineers: They mainly design surface and underground infrastructure structures; this occupation centers on deposit assessment and extraction system design. | Civil engineering is a closer match for interests in structural design and public infrastructure. |
| Civil Engineers (0165) | Design surface and underground infrastructure structures, producing structural designs and construction documents. |
AI impact on this career
Tools can assist geological data organization, reserve estimation, option comparison, and records, but responsible engineers or safety leads retain mining method trade-offs, ventilation and support decisions, safety release, and compliance sign-off. AI Impact Score 50% is an editorial estimate. Model impact index for three equally weighted representative core tasks; not a measured share of working time or a job-loss probability. floor((75+50+25)/3+0.5)=50; fermatmind-ai-impact-v1; 2026-10-18.The three tasks, ratings and sources are listed in the FermatMind method source record on this page.
FermatMind AI Impact Score estimation method v1
FermatMind / 费马测试 · 2026-10-18
Editorial ratings use the existing occupational responsibilities and AI task analysis on this page. They are not adoption rates, measured effects, job-disappearance or personal-unemployment probabilities, or official scores from Stanford or another external institution. No measured time weights or future robot deployment are assumed.
Chinese mainland salary reference
2025 average annual wages in mainland China's urban non-private mining units were 143,361 yuan / year (National Bureau of Statistics scope).
2025 average annual wages in mainland China's urban private mining units were 79,169 yuan / year. The two unit categories must not be mixed.
About 143,361 yuan / year in 2025 (industry proxy)
About 79,169 yuan / year in 2025 (industry proxy)
Do not treat as this occupation's median or starting pay
Public mining industry average wages can serve as industry references but cannot directly establish this occupation's median, starting pay, or individual income.
Mining and geological engineering work centers on engineers selecting and developing mining methods and planning, designing, and implementing mine facilities and systems, making engineering judgments among geological, production capacity, cost, equipment access, and safety constraints. This page also uses fictional borehole records for a low-risk information exercise checking inputs, execution, results, and responsibility handovers.
All five 2025 annual pay percentiles were checked. Direct hourly rates are used only when the source provides them; the median is not starting pay or an individual offer.；U.S. occupation 17-2151.00: 2025 wages and 2025—2035 projections; not starting pay, Chinese wages, or personal guarantees.
| Statistical position | Annual pay reference | Directly published hourly rate | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| 25th percentile | $85,280 | $41.00 / hour | A statistical percentile position, not years of experience.；2025 wages: 10th percentile annual pay $67,490, direct hourly pay $32.45; 25th percentile annual pay $85,280, direct hourly pay $41.00; 50th percentile annual pay $106,220, direct hourly pay $51.07; 75th percentile annual pay $136,590, direct hourly pay $65.67; 90th percentile annual pay $169,990, direct hourly pay $81.73. Percentiles are statistical positions, not experience stages or take-home income. |
Career fit guide
Assess fit through observable behavior: Can you compare plans using geological and engineering data, identify unsafe conditions and maintain safety procedures, and record and review honestly?
Signals before committing： Willingness to compare plans using geological and engineering data and accept safety and compliance constraints.
Task ability observations： Can consistently assess data and design plans, stopping and escalating unsafe conditions promptly.
Next exploration： If underground environments, mine-site residence, or safety procedure constraints are hard to accept, compare adjacent directions first.
Work pressure, risks, and occupational boundaries
Control safety, quality, or unresolved abnormality risks and escalate under actual employer procedures. Continue after the responsible person confirms.
Official tasks / context provide occupational background. Check specific safety controls and authority against local and organizational rules.
Typical scenario：Underground toxic gases or inadequate ventilation: Working without required testing or with insufficient ventilation.
Roles most affected：Mine-site personnel and engineering assessment and safety collaboration teams.
Possible consequence：Incorrect assessments or missed site abnormalities may lead to unsafe plans and serious consequences for people, equipment, and projects.
How to reduce risk：
Entry, qualifications, and career development
Entry usually starts with a mining, geological, or related engineering degree, then internships and on-the-job training build geological assessment, plan design, and safety procedure skills. Verify practice and safety qualifications against employer and local rules.
Career outlook and transitions to related occupations
U.S. 17-2151.00: Employment in 2025—2035 is projected to move from 6,200→6,400, +4%, net change +200. Average annual openings of 300 include growth and replacement demand; the overall projection does not establish AI causality.
United States, national; distinguish employment stock, growth, net change, and openings. Generative AI net job causality was not obtained. · U.S. occupation 17-2151.00
$106,220 / year
Median annual pay (2025)
AI or technology research indicates which tasks may receive assistance, not organizational adoption or net job change. People remain responsible for underground judgments and safety decisions.
Does not establish：Adjacent transitions: Moving into civil, environmental, chemical, or petroleum engineering or geoscience requires checking skills, professional licensure, and safety requirements individually. Each path requires evidence matching new outputs and responsibilities.
Work mainly involves subsurface surveys, geological and reserve assessment, extraction plans and facility design, and safety inspections. The O*NET work context survey shows 93% working more than 40 hours weekly, 61% indoors in controlled environments daily, and 30% wearing routine protective or safety equipment daily.
This occupation centers on deposit assessment and extraction system design. Civil engineers focus on infrastructure structures, environmental engineers on pollution and compliance, petroleum engineers on oil and gas extraction, and geoscientists on earth science research. Similar names do not make duties and safety responsibilities interchangeable.
Choose a real task from this page for a small practice project or a conversation with someone in the field. Use the planning guides to set a date, an output and feedback questions before deciding whether to continue.
How to assess: Use entirely fictional borehole and geological information to check whether you can outline a feasible mining plan, data checks, safety and ventilation considerations, cost estimates, and recording requirements, retaining reviewable records.
Work context (O*NET work context survey): 93% work more than 40 hours weekly, 93% use email daily, 61% work indoors in controlled environments daily, and 30% wear routine protective or safety equipment daily.
Abilities and work practices: Engineering and geological knowledge, data analysis and judgment, mine design, modeling, and drafting software skills, and consistent safety and compliance records.
Verify Chinese job titles, professional practice, and mine safety authority against industry, task, and local competent authority rules.
| Dimension | Primary track | Comparison track |
|---|---|---|
| Step one | Check geological and borehole information | Geological inputs |
| Step two | Estimate and review reserve assumptions | Reserve assessment |
| Step three | Select extraction methods and sites | Plan design |
| Step four | Design ventilation, support, and safety programs | Facilities and safety |
| Step five | Prepare cost and schedule estimates | Cost estimates |
| Step six | Inspect, record, and correct | Records and compliance |
| Education and training | Verify by job and employer | Education requirements |
Extraction plans and site planning: Use geological data, deposit characteristics, and safety and cost constraints to select mineral location, extraction, and production methods and plan surface or underground mining operations.
Facility and system design: Design, implement, and monitor mines, facilities, systems, or equipment, including shaft and roadway layouts, ventilation, and material transport plans.
Safety and compliance: Inspect unsafe structures and operating conditions, test for toxic gases and recommend ventilation and other measures, and implement and coordinate mine safety programs.
Qualification and safety boundaries: This U.S. occupation usually requires a bachelor's degree in mining, geology, or related engineering. Entry roles generally need no license; experienced engineers with PE licensure may supervise and sign under state rules. Verify mainland China's job, professional practice, and mine safety requirements against competent authority and employer rules.
Evidence to check
Evidence to check
Evidence to check
Evidence to check
Evidence to check
| Civil engineers mainly design infrastructure structures; this occupation focuses on deposit assessment and extraction system design. |
| Civil engineering is a closer match for interests in structural design and public infrastructure. |
| Chemical Engineers (0151) | Design materials and chemical processes, producing process designs and safety plans. | Chemical engineers focus on processes and material transformations; this occupation focuses on geology and extraction systems. | Chemical engineering is a closer match for interests in processes and materials design. |
|---|
| Environmental Engineers (0333) | Design pollution control and environmental compliance solutions, producing environmental plans and compliance documents. | Environmental engineers focus on pollution and compliance; reclamation and environmental plans are only part of this occupation. | Environmental engineering is a closer match for interests in environmental compliance and remediation technologies. |
|---|
| Petroleum Engineers (0749) | Plan oil and gas drilling, completion, and production, producing reservoir and drilling plans. | Petroleum engineers focus on extracting oil and gas fluids; this occupation focuses on solid minerals and ground conditions. | Petroleum engineering is a closer match for interests in reservoirs and drilling. |
|---|
| Associated and related occupations | O*NET related occupations also include geoscientists, geothermal production managers, industrial engineers, and water / wastewater engineers. | Related occupations overlap in some tasks only; qualifications and safety responsibilities are not interchangeable. | Compare real tasks and work samples first, then decide which skills and qualifications to develop. |
|---|
Adjacent relationships are for comparing directions only. This occupation centers on geological assessment and mining system design. Civil engineers focus on infrastructure structures, chemical engineers on materials and processes, environmental engineers on pollution control and compliance, petroleum engineers on oil and gas extraction, geoscientists on geological research, and geothermal production managers on power plant operations and output.
Adjacent relationships are for comparing directions only; they do not imply automatic transfers or mutual recognition of qualifications.
Software can assist geological and borehole data organization, reserve estimation, drafting and modeling, and cost and schedule drafts. People retain on-site geological judgment, option trade-offs, and safety decisions.
Tools may support low-risk steps that introduce no new risks. Check data authority, model assumptions, version control, false-positive and false-negative tests, and retain a fallback path.
Task exposure does not equal adoption rates, unemployment probabilities, or replacement dates. Industry projections and safety regulation cannot substitute for each other.
| Work area | Task | Current change | Human control point |
|---|---|---|---|
| Geological and reserve data | Collect and interpret geological, borehole, and deposit data to assess sites and reserves | Editorial trial hypothesis: Geological modeling and drafting software can accelerate data processing | Engineers confirm data quality and reserve assumptions |
| Extraction methods and site planning | Select and plan extraction methods based on safety, costs, and deposit characteristics | Editorial trial hypothesis: Computing tools can support option comparison and optimization | Engineers confirm methods and site plans |
| Facility and system design | Design and monitor mines, shafts and roadways, ventilation, and material transport systems | Editorial trial hypothesis: Design and simulation software can assist modeling | Engineers confirm design inputs and safety margins |
| Ventilation and gas testing | Test underground toxic gases and propose ventilation and other measures | Editorial trial hypothesis: Tools can assist gas monitoring and ventilation simulation | Safety leads confirm testing and responses |
| Costs and schedules | Prepare development and operating cost, schedule, and estimate reports | Editorial trial hypothesis: Software can assist estimates and scheduling | Project leads confirm estimation grounds |
| Safety and compliance | Inspect unsafe structures, equipment, and operations and implement mine safety programs | Editorial trial hypothesis: Inspection checklists and compliance records can be digitized | Safety leads confirm inspections and corrective actions |
| Reports and collaboration | Write and communicate reports for mining, engineering, and management personnel | Editorial trial hypothesis: Tools can assist drafts and formatting | Engineers review conclusions and recommendations |
Insufficient evidence: Actual generative AI adoption, reliable effects, and job causality were not obtained for this occupation. Task-tool trials below are editorial suggestions; traditional automation does not equal generative AI.
Editorial trial comparison across three directions; not validated deployment or adoption rates
AI primarily changesEditorial trial hypothesis: Faster data organization and modeling
Human responsibility remainsReserve assumptions and geological conclusions
AI primarily changesEditorial trial hypothesis: Option comparison and simulation assistance
Human responsibility remainsMethod trade-offs and safety margins
AI primarily changesEditorial trial hypothesis: Digitized monitoring and records
Human responsibility remainsVentilation, support, and safety release decisions
The human responsibility chain: From checking geological and design inputs to human confirmation, recording, and escalation.
Confirm geology, boreholes, and design requirements.
Confirm safety prerequisites for extraction methods, ventilation, and support.
Engineers review design assumptions and safety margins.
Responsible people confirm safety programs and work permits.
Immediately record abnormalities and deviations and escalate through the required process.
Can cause poisoning or oxygen deprivation.
Control: Follow gas testing and ventilation procedures and establish monitoring.
May cause collapse and personal injury.
Control: Design and inspect support based on ground assessments.
May cause accidents and production shutdowns.
Control: Inspect against checklists and stop using unsafe equipment.
May cause investment and safety decision errors.
Control: Check and review data sources, assumptions, and versions.
Affects safety traceability and compliance.
Control: Keep complete audit trails under standards and report promptly.
Use entirely fictional borehole and geological information to practice reserve assumptions, option comparisons, and recording.
Use modeling and drafting tools to assist option comparisons and retain human review.
Define acceptance conditions for ventilation, support, and safety programs first.
Check data quality, versions, assumptions, and escalation pathways.
Available material supports task-level assistance assessments only, not a job elimination timetable.
Source: 17-2151.00 occupational profileOriginal source ↗
Data processing and modeling can receive assistance, but engineers remain responsible for reserve assumptions and geological conclusions.
Source: 17-2151.00 detailed profileOriginal source ↗
Option comparisons can receive assistance; engineers retain method and safety-margin trade-offs.
Source: 17-2151.00 detailed profileOriginal source ↗
Distinguish three types of evidence: Task capability, organizational adoption, and job outcomes.
Source: 17-2151.00 occupational profileOriginal source ↗
Monitoring can receive assistance, but safety leads retain testing conclusions and response decisions. Tools cannot take over judgment.
Source: 17-2151.00 detailed profileOriginal source ↗
Draft generation may be trialed. Effects are unverified and require process and equipment safety validation and human release.
Source: 17-2151.00 detailed profileOriginal source ↗
Check data authority, model assumptions, version control, and change processes.
Source: Generative AI and Jobs（ILO）Original source ↗
When moving from mining and geological engineering to adjacent directions, compare transferable skills first, then develop target-specific knowledge, qualifications, and safety requirements.
| Job direction | Industry annual wage reference | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Basic training | Relevant engineering bachelor's degree | Check employer and professional practice requirements. |
| Related majors | Mining / geological engineering directions | Education is not a substitute for practice authorization. |
| Experience stage | Independent assessment and design responsibility | Demonstrate ability through reviewable project and safety records. |
| Advanced stage | Professional practice and safety responsibilities | Specific requirements follow organizational procedures and local rules. |
For wage judgments, check the specific city, mine type, employer, and publicly advertised conditions.
Check mineral type, mine-site residence, and safety responsibilities.
Check underground and offshore working conditions.
Check professional qualifications and inspection duties.
Actual compensation also depends on region, mineral type, project location, mine-site residence and shifts, and experience. Check actual contracts and local rules.
| Median | $106,220 | $51.07 / hour | A statistical percentile position, not years of experience.；U.S. 17-2151.00: Employment in 2025—2035 is projected to move from 6,200→6,400, +4%, net change +200. Average annual openings of 300 include growth and replacement demand; the overall projection does not establish AI causality. |
|---|
| 75th percentile | $136,590 | $65.67 / hour | A statistical percentile position, not years of experience.；U.S. employment industry shares: Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction 42%; professional, scientific, and technical services 38%; other industries including government and company management 20%. These are not industry wages or demand rates. |
|---|
10th wage percentile：$67,490；This U.S. occupation
25th wage percentile：$85,280；This U.S. occupation
Median wage：$106,220；This U.S. occupation
75th wage percentile：$136,590；This U.S. occupation
90th wage percentile：$169,990；This U.S. occupation
The median wage is not starting pay or an individual income promise；Employment size, growth rate, net change, and average annual openings must be explained separately and cannot be combined into a personal employment guarantee.
Percentiles are positions in the wage distribution, not individual income guarantees.；Also check work location, mine-site residence arrangements, and shifts when comparing jobs. Regions and employers differ substantially; do not extrapolate across regions.
2025 employment stock and 2035 projection, not current vacancies.
Growth projections and annual openings are market signals, not individual hiring probabilities.
| Mining and geological engineering work centers on engineers selecting and developing mining methods and planning, designing, and implementing mine facilities and systems, making engineering judgments among geological, production capacity, cost, equipment access, and safety constraints. This page also uses fictional borehole records for a low-risk information exercise checking inputs, execution, results, and responsibility handovers. | Employment shares, not industry wages | Mining and geological engineering work centers on engineers selecting and developing mining methods and planning, designing, and implementing mine facilities and systems, making engineering judgments among geological, production capacity, cost, equipment access, and safety constraints. This page also uses fictional borehole records for a low-risk information exercise checking inputs, execution, results, and responsibility handovers. |
|---|---|---|
| Mining, quarrying, and oil and gas extraction | 42% | The first three are employment shares; check specific job conditions separately. Industry wages were not obtained |
| Professional, scientific, and technical services | 38% | The first three are employment shares; check specific job conditions separately. Industry wages were not obtained |
| Other industries including government and company management | 20% | The first three are employment shares; check specific job conditions separately. Industry wages were not obtained |
| Project / region / authority | Check separately | The first three are employment shares; check specific job conditions separately. Industry wages were not obtained |
Check mineral type, project stage, mine-site residence, and safety responsibilities.
Check project location, shift systems, overtime, and regional differences.
Check education, internship history, professional qualifications, and reviewable project records.
First observe interest, stress, and safety experiences in actual assessment, design, and safety inspections.
Interest codes can only help design trials; they cannot determine engineering competence.
Does my interest code match mining and geological engineering?
This role needs engineering judgment and safety responsibility. Fit evidence consists of reviewable assessment, design, and safety records, not self-labels. The RIC interest code describes activity preferences only; compare results with actual tasks and supervised feedback before judging.
Do not use it this way: Interest codes describe activity preferences only; they cannot demonstrate engineering judgment or safety competence.
Continue RIASEC interest explorationCan the Big Five tell whether this work fits me?
The Big Five describes tendencies only; it cannot replace engineering training or safety experience. Check through real tasks.
Do not use it this way: The Big Five describes tendencies only; it cannot replace engineering training or safety experience.
Continue RIASEC interest explorationCan MBTI type determine whether I fit?
MBTI type labels cannot determine mining and geological engineering competence or demonstrate professional practice or safety authorization.
Do not use it this way: Type labels are not evidence of engineering judgment or safety ability.
Continue RIASEC interest explorationIs the Enneagram relevant to this work?
The Enneagram describes motivational tendencies only, not evidence of on-site judgment.
Do not use it this way: Type labels cannot predict on-site judgment or safety performance.
Continue RIASEC interest explorationWhat do cognitive ability tests show?
Cognitive ability tests reflect only some cognitive characteristics, not engineering experience or safety judgment.
Do not use it this way: Cognitive tests do not cover engineering experience or safety judgment.
Continue RIASEC interest explorationCan emotional intelligence tests predict collaboration?
Emotional intelligence tests are not evidence of safety or record integrity. Check collaboration through real tasks.
Do not use it this way: Emotional intelligence tests are not evidence of safety or record integrity.
Continue RIASEC interest explorationFits better when: Can interpret geological and borehole data and review reserve assumptions.
Watch for: Ignoring data and assumption reviews based on experience alone. Check target training and job authorization separately
Explore related career: Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and GeographersFits better when: Can compare and select extraction methods under cost and safety constraints.
Watch for: Selecting plans without safety and cost constraints. Check target training and job authorization separately
Explore related career: Civil EngineersFits better when: Can design and review ventilation, support, and material transport plans.
Watch for: Ignoring ventilation and support safety margins. Check target training and job authorization separately
Explore related career: Environmental EngineersFits better when: Can prepare and review cost and schedule estimates.
Watch for: Incomplete estimation grounds. Check target training and job authorization separately
Explore related career: Industrial EngineersFits better when: Can implement and inspect mine safety programs and record honestly.
Watch for: 17-2111 excludes mining safety engineers. Transition requires checking target-industry design, safety, and authority; it is not a synonym for this occupation's safety direction
Explore related career: Health and Safety Engineers, Except Mining Safety Engineers and InspectorsFits better when: Can design mine reclamation and pollution control plans.
Watch for: Ignoring long-term environmental and compliance requirements. Check target training and job authorization separately
Explore related career: Water / Wastewater EngineersNo. The RIC interest code describes activity preferences only and supports hypotheses, not competence or qualification judgments.
No. Personality tests describe tendencies only. Assess fit through actual tasks and recording performance.
Engineering mathematics and data analysis are needed, but engineering judgment, procedural adherence, and safety habits matter more.
Work may involve underground and field environments, mine-site residence, and irregular hours. Assess these honestly and follow protective procedures.
U.S. entry engineering roles require no license. Experienced engineers may obtain PE for sign-off, supervision, or public services; check state and role requirements. It is not uniformly required for all advanced positions.
Use them to form hypotheses, then validate through real tasks and work samples. Do not replace evidence with labels.
Do not conclude from a single test; look at actual performance under training and supervision.
No. Verify professional practice, ventilation, and mine safety qualifications separately against competent authority and local rules.
Return to real tasks and work samples, compare actual experiences, then decide whether to keep investing.
Assessments on this page are for career exploration only, not hiring scores or qualification decisions.
Evidence：17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile · 17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile
Typical scenario：Ground instability or insufficient support: Inadequate ground assessment and support design.
Roles most affected：Technical personnel working underground and on-site.
Possible consequence：May cause serious collapse, fall, or crush injuries.
How to reduce risk：Design and inspect support based on ground assessment; stop work for abnormalities.
Evidence：17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile · 17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile
Typical scenario：Unsafe structures or equipment: Failure to inspect hazards against checklists.
Roles most affected：Personnel responsible for equipment and operating safety inspections.
Possible consequence：May cause accidents, shutdowns, and compliance penalties.
How to reduce risk：Inspect against checklists and stop using unsafe equipment.
Evidence：17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile · 17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile
Typical scenario：Incorrect data or reserve judgments: Data sources, assumptions, or versions are not reviewed.
Roles most affected：Engineers responsible for designs and plans.
Possible consequence：May cause investment and safety decision errors.
How to reduce risk：Check data sources, assumptions, and versions and obtain another person's review.
Evidence：17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile · 17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile
Typical scenario：Incomplete records: Missing inspection, ventilation, and corrective action records.
Roles most affected：Personnel responsible for records and compliance.
Possible consequence：Affects safety traceability and compliance.
How to reduce risk：Keep complete audit trails under recording standards and report abnormalities promptly.
Evidence：17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile · 17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile
Typical scenario：Shared escalation rule: For gas limit exceedances, ground abnormalities, inadequate ventilation, or unsafe equipment, first stop work, withdraw, and escalate.
Roles most affected：Workers, team leaders, and safety leads.
Possible consequence：Delayed abnormality control and handover may increase accident and project losses
How to reduce risk：Retain records and escalate through the process.
Evidence：17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile · 17-2151.00 detailed occupational profile
| career.column.stage | career.column.task | career.column.boundary | career.column.evidence | career.column.next |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supervised learning | Participate in data assessment and drafting under mentoring | Confirm by equipment, training, role, and actual authorization; months employed do not establish authority | Data organization and drafting feedback | Expand to independent assessment |
| Common-task assessment | Independently complete data assessments and partial designs | Plans require review | Assessment and design records | Expand to plan ownership |
| Complex-task collaboration | Own extraction plans and facility designs | The responsible person confirms safety programs | Plan and safety records | Expand to processes and mentoring |
| Authorized ownership and mentoring | Lead technical plans and safety inspections | The organization confirms professional practice and authorization | Technical standards and safety inspection records | Expand to system responsibilities |
| Authorized standards and review | Lead standards and mentoring within authorization | Do not replace organizational safety functions | Standards and mentoring records | Expand authorization according to rules |
| career.column.scenario | career.column.action | career.column.review | career.column.evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Interview preparation | Organize an assessment of fictional borehole and geological information | Ask others to challenge reserve assumptions and safety grounds | Assessment and safety materials |
| At the interview | Explain selection of extraction methods and support | The interviewer confirms engineering and safety logic | Technical and safety explanation |
| Supervised learning stage | Complete data assessment and design tasks under supervision | A mentor reviews technical work and safety | Assessment and design records |
| Job evaluation stage | Independently complete common assessments and write records | The responsible person confirms contributions and compliance | Records and compliance materials |
| career.column.state | career.column.proof | career.column.authority | career.column.condition | career.column.gap | career.column.owner | career.column.next |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Degree | Bachelor's in mining, geology, or related engineering | Employer | Verify by job and professional practice | A degree does not equal professional licensure | Employer | Check against job requirements |
| Internship or on-the-job training | Engineering internship and training experience | Employer or educational institution | Verify content | Training does not equal independent sign-off | Employer | Check training scope |
| Professional engineering licensure | U.S. state PE licensure usually requires an accredited engineering degree, FE, relevant experience, and the PE examination; follow current state rules | State licensing authority | Verify against state rules | Professional licensure does not equal mine safety authorization | Competent authority | Check practice scope |
| Mine safety requirements | Implement safety programs under regulations | Safety regulator | Verify under the rules | Requirements do not equal personal authorization | Competent authority | Check applicability |
| Specialization | Select geology / mining / safety direction | Employer | Verify by job | A specialization does not cover all duties | Employer | Check duty scope |
| Safety and recording requirements | Gas testing and ventilation records | Employer | Verify under the system | Requirements do not equal authorization | Employer | Check applicability |
Typical scope：Learn geological data and drafting foundations under guidance.
Readiness evidence：Data organization and drafting feedback (editorial suggestion).
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Validate geological data interpretation.
Typical scope：Independently complete and record data assessments and reserve assumptions.
Readiness evidence：Reserve assessment and review records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Undertake independent reserve assessments and accept review.
Typical scope：Own reserve assessment conclusions and risk communication.
Readiness evidence：Assessment reports and risk communication records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Lead complex deposit assessments.
Typical scope：Maintain assessment standards and mentor.
Readiness evidence：Assessment standards and mentoring records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Expand standards and mentoring responsibilities.
Typical scope：Learn extraction plans and drafting foundations under guidance.
Readiness evidence：Plan drafts and review feedback (editorial suggestion).
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Validate plan design foundations.
Typical scope：Independently complete partial extraction and facility designs.
Readiness evidence：Design and review records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Undertake complete plan design and accept review.
Typical scope：Own extraction methods, facilities, and ventilation plans.
Readiness evidence：Design plans and safety review records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Typical scope：Learn gas testing and safety inspection foundations under guidance.
Readiness evidence：Safe operation feedback (editorial suggestion).
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Validate safety inspections and records.
Typical scope：Independently perform testing and safety inspections under procedures.
Readiness evidence：Testing and safety inspection records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Undertake safety program implementation and accept review.
Typical scope：Own safety programs, ventilation, and abnormality responses.
Readiness evidence：Safety programs and response records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Entry pathway: This U.S. occupation usually requires a bachelor's degree in mining, geology, or related engineering, with internships and on-the-job training to build experience. Verify mainland China's job and professional practice requirements against competent authority and employer rules.
Work samples and materials: Keep de-identified or fictional assessments and design plans, ventilation records, and safety inspection records as evidence of engineering and safety skills.
Seven-day trial: Days 1—2, understand geology and design workflows; days 3—5, complete assessment and planning exercises under guidance; days 6—7, ask others to challenge technical and safety judgments and write evidence for continuing, stopping, or changing direction.
Ability ladder: Before entry, check official occupational scope, actual employer requirements, and training and safety rules. Advancement rests on reviewable project and safety records, not guaranteed years.
United States · U.S. occupation 17-2151.00
300 openings / year
Average annual openings (2025—2035)
Average annual growth and replacement demand, not a ten-year total or net change
Does not establish：U.S. occupational scope, not an individual's hiring probability.
United States · U.S. occupation 17-2151.00
6,200→6,400; +4%; net change +200
Employment size and change
Overall projection, not AI causality
Does not establish：U.S. occupational scope, not an individual's hiring probability.
These are capability relationships, not automatic promotions or credential waivers.
Transfers：Engineering design and drafting foundations.
Build next：Infrastructure structural design.
View career profileTransfers：Environmental and compliance foundations.
Build next：Pollution control and environmental assessment.
View career profileTransfers：Engineering and process foundations.
Build next：Chemical processes and materials design.
View career profileTransfers：Geological and ground foundations.
Build next：Reservoir and drilling engineering.
View career profileTransfers：Geological data interpretation foundations.
Build next：Earth science research methods.
View career profileTransfers：Engineering analysis and optimization foundations.
Build next：Production systems and process optimization.
View career profileTransfers：Safety and compliance awareness.
Build next：Occupational health and safety systems.
View career profileTransfers：Water and environmental engineering foundations.
Build next：Water treatment process design.
View career profileLook at observable behavior: Can you compare plans using geological and engineering data, identify unsafe conditions and maintain safety procedures, and record and review honestly? The RIC interest code describes activity preferences only; it cannot determine competence or qualifications.
Geological data organization, reserve estimation, drafting, and cost drafts are more readily assisted. Mining method trade-offs, ventilation and support decisions, and safety release remain mainly human tasks. Available material supports task-level assistance assessments only.
Tools can more readily assist geological and borehole data organization, reserve estimation, drafting and modeling, and cost and schedule drafts. Qualified engineers or safety leads remain responsible for method trade-offs, safety decisions, and compliance sign-off.
Qualified engineers or safety leads must handle extraction method selection, reserve assumptions, ventilation and support decisions, safety program implementation and release, and compliance sign-off. In the United States, regulators such as MSHA set ventilation and safety inspection requirements; tools cannot take over judgment.
These sources do not establish national occupational wages exactly matching O*NET 17-2151.00. Available National Bureau of Statistics 2025 mining industry averages are 143,361 yuan / year for urban non-private and 79,169 yuan / year for urban private units. These industry proxies cannot represent this occupation's median.
BLS 2025 wage data: Median annual pay $106,220 (hourly $51.07), 10th percentile $67,490, 25th percentile $85,280, 75th percentile $136,590, and 90th percentile $169,990. 2025 employment was about 6,200, projected 2025—2035 growth about 4%, and average annual openings about 300.
This U.S. occupation usually requires a bachelor's degree in mining, geology, or related engineering. Entry roles generally require no license; experienced engineers may obtain licensure through FE and PE. Mainland China's job and professional practice requirements follow competent authority and employer rules.
Main risks involve gases and ventilation, ground stability and unsafe equipment, and incorrect data and reserve judgments. This page trains information consistency only, grants no ventilation, support, blasting, or mine safety authority, and uses no actual mine data.
U.S. employment is projected to grow about 4% in 2025—2035, with about 300 average annual openings. Transitions into civil, environmental, chemical, or petroleum engineering or geoscience require corresponding knowledge, professional qualifications, and safety experience.
Compare real tasks and work samples first: Do you have sustained interest in data assessment, plan design, and safety procedures, and can you accept underground and mine-site residence conditions? Judge by reviewable records and feedback, not one personality label.
All five 2025 U.S. wage percentiles and 2025—2035 projections were checked. Chinese mining industry proxies apply only within that industry. PE is state licensure; safety authority requires separate checks. Personality and AI trials do not prove competence or authorization.
Nine-module review 2026-10-11
O*NET17-2151.00 tasks, 2025 wages and 2025—2035 projections; National Bureau of Statistics industry reference
Limitations：Does not measure adoption rates.
Limitations：No extrapolation to China or replacement of more specific rules.
Limitations：Does not represent China.
Limitations：Typical U.S. pathway.
Limitations：Mining industry proxy, with no exact single-occupation median.
Limitations：U.S. projections are not guarantees.
Limitations：U.S. occupational scope.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：O*NET OnLine presents BLS OEWS wage data; preserve the displayed period, worker population, geography and unit. A direct BLS access failure does not invalidate this opened O*NET page.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Work activities from the exact occupational page.
Limitations：Employment size, growth, and average annual openings for U.S. occupation 17-2151.00. Does not include corresponding mainland China data or establish individual hiring or income conclusions.
Limitations：Editorial ratings use the existing occupational responsibilities and AI task analysis on this page. They are not adoption rates, measured effects, job-disappearance or personal-unemployment probabilities, or official scores from Stanford or another external institution. No measured time weights or future robot deployment are assumed.
Occupational 2025 percentiles: 67490 / 85280 / 106220 / 136590 / 169990. 2025—2035 employment 6200→6400, +4%, net change 200, average annual openings 300, not AI causality. Chinese mining proxies apply only within that industry.
English MBTI test · English Big Five test · Chinese MBTI test · Chinese Big Five test
Evidence to check
Next moves：Lead complex mine design plans.
Typical scope：Maintain design standards and mentor.
Readiness evidence：Design standards and mentoring records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Expand standards and mentoring responsibilities.
Next moves：Lead safety systems and emergency responses.
Typical scope：Maintain safety standards and mentor.
Readiness evidence：Safety standards and mentoring records.
Credential boundary：Check degrees, training, professional qualifications, and actual authorization by specific duties, jurisdiction, and project
Next moves：Expand safety system responsibilities.
