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SOC 31-1131
Nursing assistants (O*NET-SOC 31-1131.00, Nursing Assistants) provide or assist with basic care under the direction of licensed nursing staff, including monitoring health status, feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, and patient transfer, in medical or nursing facilities, and may administer medication under direction and complete other health-related tasks. This page uses only official sources to explain occupational scope, tasks, China-U.S. access differences, and statistical measures.
Model impact index for three equally weighted representative core tasks; not a measured share of working time or a job-loss probability. floor((0+50+0)/3+0.5)=17; fermatmind-ai-impact-v1; 2026-10-18.
First verify whether you can sustain life care and accurate reporting under high physical exertion and infection exposure, then decide whether the investment in training and post assessment is worthwhile.
U.S. 31-1131 works under the direction of licensed nursing staff; certified nursing assistant (CNA) and certified medication aide (CMA) designations should be verified against the state, the actual tasks, and employer requirements — a catalogue or training does not equal authorization, and none of it transfers to China. China's medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 is a comparable role for comparison, not a statutory equivalent mapping to U.S. 31-1131. The 2024 national occupational standard specifies life care and some auxiliary work under the guidance of medical personnel, with five skill levels; a level cannot replace nurse authority. The 2025 hospital pilot on care without family accompaniment makes clear that medical nursing assistants are not health professional technical personnel, provide life care, and must not perform professional technical medical nursing work or replace medical personnel; the pilot's requirements must not be expanded into a uniform access law for all settings. Verify the actual post against local and institutional rules, and do not extrapolate U.S. medication administration and catheterization tasks to China.
Nursing assistants provide or assist with basic care under the direction of licensed nursing staff, including monitoring health status, feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, and moving patients, and may administer medication under direction and complete other health-related tasks. The above are U.S. 31-1131 duties; medication administration and assistive technical tasks require verification of state rules and specific authorization; Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately.
Career direction comparison
The table below compares this occupation with adjacent directions along the same dimensions: primary work object, core output, key differences, and selection signals; the comparison is for career exploration and does not represent mutual recognition of qualifications, automatic job transfer, or a hiring promise.
| Career direction | Core work and output | Key differences | Best-fit choice |
|---|---|---|---|
| Registered nurse | Nursing assessment and carrying out physician orders; nursing records and health education | The registered nurse path involves specialized education, licensure, and nursing judgment responsibility; nursing assistants mainly complete basic care and observation handover under direction. Nurse practitioners are additionally constrained by state scope of supervision; home health aides and personal care aides do not share the same authority, and a setting must not be treated as the basis for technical authority. | To test whether supervised care and accurate documentation suit you, start with the paper-based ABC exercise and then verify training and job conditions; if you want to take on the nursing judgment responsibility of a registered nurse, you must verify the corresponding education and licensure, and you cannot infer independent authority from a nursing assistant or LPN title. |
AI impact on this career
Digital tools can assist with records, handover drafts, and learning; actual care and reporting of abnormalities must still be the responsibility of trained personnel. U.S. medication administration tasks require separate verification of state rules and authorization; Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately. AI Impact Score 17% is an editorial estimate. Model impact index for three equally weighted representative core tasks; not a measured share of working time or a job-loss probability. floor((0+50+0)/3+0.5)=17; fermatmind-ai-impact-v1; 2026-10-18.The three tasks, ratings and sources are listed in the FermatMind method source record on this page.
FermatMind AI Impact Score estimation method v1
FermatMind / 费马测试 · 2026-10-18
Chinese mainland salary reference
Medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 is a comparable Chinese role, not a statutory equivalent mapping. Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately. No precise national occupational wage was obtained in this round, which does not prove it has not been published; 205 health professional technical personnel cannot serve as a wage proxy for nursing assistants.
2025 enterprise occupational mid-category 414 Health, sports, and leisure service personnel: P10/25/50/75/90 are 3.00/3.77/5.00/6.77/9.91 ten-thousand yuan/year; medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 falls under this mid-category, but the statistic also covers other occupations and is limited to an enterprise sample, so it is not the nursing assistant wage. NBS2025 health and social work, non-private 146266 and private 75631 yuan/year, are industry averages; the statistical objects and the median/average differ, so they are not combined.
U.S. wages and employment
The U.S. median annual wage and percentiles for nursing assistants come from the 2025 BLS OEWS national survey and may be cited separately but cannot be converted into mainland China personal income.；The 2025 BLS OEWS shown by O*NET gives a median annual wage of 42,260 USD and a median hourly wage of 20.32 USD for the precise occupation 31-1131.00; this measure is not a starting salary or a personal quote.
| Statistical percentiles | Annual salary reference | Hourly wage reference | Explanation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median annual wage (national) | $42,260 | $20.32/hour (median hourly wage) | The midpoint of the national survey, affected by institution type, state, and shift.；This figure is the statistical position of the national median annual wage, not a starting salary, a personal quote, or a personal income promise. |
| 25th—75th percentile | $37,260—$47,220 | About $17.91—$22.70/hour |
Career fit guide
The core value of nursing assistants lies in completing life care under high physical exertion and infection exposure and reporting observations accurately; tools cannot replace the professional judgment involved in on-site care, verification, and reporting abnormalities.
Fit signals： You can maintain care and record-keeping habits under high physical exertion and infection exposure, and report abnormalities accurately.
Caution signals： You find it hard to accept daily contact with disease and infection, blood and body fluids, and odors, or tend to omit records and delay reporting.
Low-cost experience： A 60-minute fully fictional paper-based ABC packet, with no contact with patients or real health data. A: subject ID Q12, with dietary restrictions, mobility assistance plan, and job authorization all not given. B: 100 milliliters of water recorded at 08:00 and 150 milliliters at 09:00, yet the total is written as 300 milliliters; the other page is numbered Q21. C: at 09:05 the complaint was "dizziness, wanting to stand up on their own", and nurse acknowledgment is not given. Submit a list of raw records, the quantity and identifier discrepancies, unknown items, and a timely handover draft; do not add quantities, do not create a water-feeding or mobility plan, and do not diagnose or administer medication. Reference: the two given entries total 250 milliliters, a difference of 50 from 300, and the cause is unknown so a third entry must not be added; the Q12/Q21 inconsistency cannot be resolved by assuming they are the same person. Record the complaint verbatim as at 09:05; nurse acknowledgment and dietary/mobility restrictions are unknown. The paper draft should state that it must be promptly verified by authorized medical personnel per institutional procedure, and it must not claim acknowledgment or safety; a real abnormality should be reported promptly and cannot wait until the seven-day plan ends.
Work stress, risks, and occupational boundaries
Main risks include injury during life assistance and transfer, delayed reporting of abnormalities, infection exposure, and missing documentation handover. U.S. medication administration tasks require verifying the specific legal authority first, and two-person verification follows institutional procedure; Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately.
Evidence scope｜The risk items come from the tasks and work context of O*NET 31-1131.00 (75% exposed to disease or infection daily, 74% wearing routine protective equipment daily, 63% accuracy extremely important, 44% consequences of error extremely serious, 71% very high responsibility for others' health and safety, 38% facing time pressure daily), and from the requirements on safety, first aid, and care standards in China's Training Outline for Medical Nursing Assistants (trial) and National Occupational Standard for Medical Nursing Assistants (2024 edition).
Entry, qualifications, and career development
The entry path for nursing assistants is to complete nursing assistant training and pass a competence assessment, then take on care according to institutional authorization and supervision requirements; tools cannot replace qualifications and on-site performance responsibility.
Career outlook and transitions to related occupations
U.S. 31-1131: 2025 employment 1,505,900, projected 1,544,900 in 2035, growth of 3% over 2025—2035 (average level), average annual openings 196,200 including growth and replacement needs; not real-time hiring, net new jobs, or a causal AI estimate.
United States nationwide · Precise occupation 31-1131.00 (United States)
Cumulative growth 3% (average level)
U.S. employment growth
Job Zone3 indicates medium preparation, not a low bar; read 2025 employment, 2025—2035 projections, and 2025 wages separately. Training, physical demands, shifts, and life care scope should be verified per post.
Does not establish：Macro projections are not a personal hiring guarantee; industry distribution does not describe a specific institution's scheduling or post authorization; U.S. data cannot be converted into mainland China personal income or job opportunities.
According to O*NET 31-1131.00, nursing assistants provide or assist with basic care under the direction of licensed nursing staff: assisting with bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, eating, and drinking; observing symptoms and recording temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration per medical and nursing instructions; recording intake and output and reporting changes; assisting with getting out of bed, standing, walking, and patient transfer; changing linens and cleaning and disinfecting patient areas; and possibly administering medication under direction or completing other health-related tasks.
U.S. registered nurses and nursing assistants differ in education, judgment responsibility, and supervisory relationship; medical assistants have separate outpatient duties to verify. China's medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 is a comparable role for comparison, not a statutory equivalent mapping to U.S. 31-1131. The 2024 national occupational standard specifies life care and some auxiliary work under the guidance of medical personnel, with five skill levels; a level cannot replace nurse authority. The 2025 hospital pilot on care without family accompaniment makes clear that medical nursing assistants are not health professional technical personnel, provide life care, and must not perform professional technical medical nursing work or replace medical personnel; the pilot's requirements must not be expanded into a uniform access law for all settings. Verify the actual post against local and institutional rules, and do not extrapolate U.S. medication administration and catheterization tasks to China.
Choose a real task from this page for a small practice project or a conversation with someone in the field. Use the planning guides to set a date, an output and feedback questions before deciding whether to continue.
Core output｜Linking vital sign and intake/output records, patient observation and complaint reports, mobility and transfer records, and diet and hygiene care records into traceable care documentation: reviewable care execution and shift handover records, not a single care action.
One-line judgment｜Only if you are willing to take on basic care such as feeding, bathing, dressing, toileting, and patient transfer over the long term under the direction of licensed nursing staff, can stay patient and keep up documentation habits under high physical exertion and infection exposure, and accept job training and assessment requirements, is this occupation worth continuing to explore; being drawn only to the image of caring for others is not enough.
A 60-minute fully fictional paper-based ABC packet, with no contact with patients or real health data. A: subject ID Q12, with dietary restrictions, mobility assistance plan, and job authorization all not given. B: 100 milliliters of water recorded at 08:00 and 150 milliliters at 09:00, yet the total is written as 300 milliliters; the other page is numbered Q21. C: at 09:05 the complaint was "dizziness, wanting to stand up on their own", and nurse acknowledgment is not given. Submit a list of raw records, the quantity and identifier discrepancies, unknown items, and a timely handover draft; do not add quantities, do not create a water-feeding or mobility plan, and do not diagnose or administer medication.；Reference: the two given entries total 250 milliliters, a difference of 50 from 300, and the cause is unknown so a third entry must not be added; the Q12/Q21 inconsistency cannot be resolved by assuming they are the same person. Record the complaint verbatim as at 09:05; nurse acknowledgment and dietary/mobility restrictions are unknown. The paper draft should state that it must be promptly verified by authorized medical personnel per institutional procedure, and it must not claim acknowledgment or safety; a real abnormality should be reported promptly and cannot wait until the seven-day plan ends.
Nursing assistants (O*NET-SOC 31-1131.00, Nursing Assistants) provide or assist with basic care under the direction of on-site licensed nursing staff, such as monitoring health status, feeding, bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, and moving patients, in medical or nursing facilities, and may administer medication under direction and complete other health-related tasks. This page uses only official sources to explain occupational scope, tasks, China-U.S. access differences, and statistical measures.
Verified O*NET context: standing continuously or almost continuously 52%, walking 62%, disease or infection daily 75%, routine protective equipment daily 74%; all are the share of respondents choosing the corresponding option, not per-person shift patterns or infection incident rates.
O*NET's interest code is SRC (Social, Realistic, Conventional); work styles center on optimism, sincerity, empathy, self-control, social orientation, cooperation, integrity, attention to detail, and dependability; Job Zone 3 (SVP 6.0 to less than 7.0), and the education survey shows 39% high school or equivalent, 24% postsecondary non-degree certificate, and 12% some college. These dimensions describe activity preferences and job requirements and must not be treated as hiring criteria, competence assessment conclusions, or judgments about career destiny.
Nursing assistants complete life care, observation documentation, and transfer under the direction of licensed nursing staff, and the core output is reviewable care execution and handover records.
| Dimension | Primary track | Comparison track |
|---|---|---|
| Life care | Assisting with or completing bathing, sponge bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, eating, and drinking | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
| Health observation and documentation | Measuring and recording temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration per medical and nursing instructions, and recording intake and output | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
| Mobility and transfer | Transporting patients using wheelchairs, stretchers, or movable beds, and assisting with getting on and off beds and examination tables | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
| Communication and call response | Answering call signals, determining patient needs, and reporting observations and complaints to nurses | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
| Diet and nutrition support | Feeding or assisting with eating and drinking, and verifying dietary restrictions, allergies, and preferences | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
| Medical assistance | Administering medication or treatments and collecting specimens under direction (catheterization, suppositories, dressings, and support bandages) | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
| Environment and disinfection | Changing linens, cleaning and disinfecting patient areas, and restocking hygiene supplies | O*NET 31-1131.00 tasks |
Activities of daily living care｜Assisting with or completing bathing, sponge bathing, dressing, grooming, toileting, eating, and drinking, and providing physical support to help with getting out of bed, standing, walking, and exercising.
Health observation and documentation｜Observing patient symptoms (bruising, open wounds, blood in urine, and so on), measuring and recording temperature, blood pressure, pulse, and respiration per medical and nursing instructions, and recording intake and output and reporting changes.
Mobility and transfer｜Transporting patients using wheelchairs, stretchers, or movable beds, and lifting or helping to lift patients on and off beds, examination tables, and operating tables.
Communication and call response｜Answering call signals and intercoms, determining patient needs and communicating with patients about their feelings or social and emotional needs, and reporting observations and complaints to nurses.
Diet and nutrition support｜Feeding or assisting with eating and drinking, verifying dietary restrictions, allergies, and preferences, and preparing or serving meal trays.
Medical assistance and environment｜Administering medication or treatments under the direction of a nurse or physician (catheterization, suppositories, irrigation, enemas, applying dressings and support bandages) and collecting specimens; changing linens, cleaning and disinfecting patient areas, and restocking hygiene supplies.
Tools can only assist with organizing information; verifying inputs, performing under supervision, two-person verification, record archiving, and escalation of abnormalities must still be borne by trained personnel.
Confirm the care recipient, identity, and the source and completeness of nursing instructions.
Confirm the applicable subjects, contraindications, and known limitations of the care procedure.
Medication administration and procedures beyond authorized scope must be decided or performed by a nurse.
Carry out two-person verification or review of medication administration, transfer, and vital sign data.
Keep raw observation data, procedures, and the basis for escalation to ensure traceability.
| Licensed practical and vocational nurses | Provides nursing under the supervision of a registered nurse or physician and may administer medication | Works under the supervision of a registered nurse or physician, with limited independent scope | Wants to do clinical nursing but is not yet prepared for registered nurse education and licensure |
|---|
| Home health aides and personal care aides | Home health or personal life assistance; verify tasks, training, supervision, and records separately. | Home health aide and personal care task scopes differ; verify by training, supervision, and local rules. | Wants a home setting and long-term relationships with the same care recipients |
|---|
| Medical assistant | Outpatient visit workflow assistance, registration, and records management | Mainly outpatient workflow and administrative tasks, not inpatient care | Wants to combine clinical and administrative work in an outpatient setting |
|---|
| Emergency medical technician | Prehospital emergency assessment and transport | Mainly prehospital emergency care and transport, requiring specialized certification | Wants to handle emergencies and first aid scenarios |
|---|
| Orderly | Patient transport, equipment, and environmental support | Mainly transport and environmental support, with a narrower care scope | Wants to compare transport and support duties; physical demands and risks must be verified for the actual post. |
|---|
Nursing assistants are adjacent to registered nurses, licensed practical and vocational nurses, home health and personal care aides, medical assistants, and emergency medical technicians, and should be distinguished by primary work object, independent practice authority, supervisory relationship, and care responsibility rather than by similarity of job titles.
Moving from nursing assistant to adjacent occupations, first compare transferable care and communication abilities, then fill in the education, qualification, and authorization requirements specific to the target direction.
Editorial ratings use the existing occupational responsibilities and AI task analysis on this page. They are not adoption rates, measured effects, job-disappearance or personal-unemployment probabilities, or official scores from Stanford or another external institution. No measured time weights or future robot deployment are assumed.
Tools can help organize care checklists, handover summaries, and learning materials, but cannot replace on-site care, observation reporting, or medication verification.
O*NET does not provide a generative AI adoption rate for this occupation; Hot Technologies lists only employer-mentioned software (Microsoft Excel/Office 1% each, Epic Systems 1%), and mention shares do not prove actual use or effect.
The sources verified on this page do not provide causal results on AI replacement, layoffs, or net new jobs for this occupation; not obtaining them does not mean other research does not exist.
| Work area | Task | Current change | Human control point |
|---|---|---|---|
| Life care | Assisting with bathing, dressing, toileting, eating, and drinking | Editorial assumption: care checklists and schedules can be drafted with tool assistance. | On-site performance safety, dignified care, and abnormality judgment. |
| Observation and documentation | Measuring and recording vital signs and intake/output per medical and nursing instructions | Editorial assumption: data can be aggregated automatically with abnormal values flagged. | Measurement accuracy, abnormality criteria, and timely reporting. |
| Mobility and transfer | Transporting patients using wheelchairs, stretchers, or movable beds | Editorial assumption: transfer scheduling can be optimized by tools. | Positioning, equipment use, and patient safety. |
| Communication and reporting | Answering call signals and reporting observations and complaints to nurses | Editorial assumption: calls and messages can be routed digitally. | Needs judgment, priorities, and handover of responsibility. |
| Diet and nutrition support | Feeding or assisting with eating and drinking and verifying dietary restrictions | Editorial assumption: dietary restrictions and allergy information can be flagged. | Fasting verification, allergies, and swallowing safety. |
| Medical assistance | In the United States, complete relevant medical assistance within lawful training, state rules, and institutional authorization; Chinese medical nursing assistants must not use this to perform technical work. | Editorial assumption: medication reminders and verification checklists can be digitized. | Verify the specific task permission, supervision, and review procedure; whether two-person verification is required depends on the actual system. |
| Environment and infection control | Changing linens and cleaning and disinfecting patient areas | Editorial assumption: disinfection processes and consumable management can be tracked by tools. | Infection control standards and exposure protection. |
The following official materials support U.S. tasks, software recruitment mentions, and statistics; tool capabilities and job changes are editorial assumptions, not AI adoption or job replacement research.
Tool impact differs by work direction: task-level assistance is what counts, and responsibility judgments still require a person.
AI primarily changesSchedules, care checklists, and handover summaries can be generated automatically as drafts.
Human responsibility remainsOn-site performance and safety of bathing, feeding, toileting, and transfer.
AI primarily changesVital sign and intake/output data can be aggregated automatically with abnormal values flagged.
Human responsibility remainsMeasurement accuracy, abnormality judgment, and timely reporting.
AI primarily changesMedication reminders and verification checklists can be digitized.
Human responsibility remainsVerify authorization, medications, and records against state rules, training, and institutional procedure; tasks requiring two-person verification follow the specific system and must not be uniformly expanded.
The following is the learner's paper-based ABC responsibility chain; real care follows training, jurisdiction, and institutional authorization separately. U.S. medical assistance tasks cannot be extrapolated to China.
Read only the ABC original records and sources, and flag the Q12/Q21 inconsistency.
100+150=250, a difference of 50 from 300; do not add quantities.
Dietary and mobility restrictions and nurse acknowledgment are not given and must not be presumed.
The verbatim statement at 09:05, the time, and the items to verify; a real abnormality must be reported promptly per institutional procedure.
Planned handover does not equal acknowledgment; do not sign a real record or claim safety.
Delay affects patient safety and treatment timing.
Control: Standard observation procedures, abnormality criteria checklists, and immediate reporting systems.
Falls can cause fractures or intracranial injury.
Control: Performed by trained and authorized personnel according to the institutional mobility plan and assistance arrangements; learners only flag a missing plan for verification.
Improper lifting injures both the patient and the nursing assistant.
Control: Correct positioning and equipment, two-person cooperation when necessary, and transfer standards.
Medication or procedure errors cause direct harm.
Control: In the United States, verify the legal authority for medication administration tasks and the institutional review system; Chinese medical nursing assistants do not perform professional technical medical nursing work.
Inadequate protection harms occupational health and can cause transmission.
Control: Standard precautions, hand hygiene, and post-exposure management systems.
A 60-minute fully fictional paper-based ABC packet, with no contact with patients or real health data. A: subject ID Q12, with dietary restrictions, mobility assistance plan, and job authorization all not given. B: 100 milliliters of water recorded at 08:00 and 150 milliliters at 09:00, yet the total is written as 300 milliliters; the other page is numbered Q21. C: at 09:05 the complaint was "dizziness, wanting to stand up on their own", and nurse acknowledgment is not given. Submit a list of raw records, the quantity and identifier discrepancies, unknown items, and a timely handover draft; do not add quantities, do not create a water-feeding or mobility plan, and do not diagnose or administer medication. Reference: the two given entries total 250 milliliters, a difference of 50 from 300, and the cause is unknown so a third entry must not be added; the Q12/Q21 inconsistency cannot be resolved by assuming they are the same person. Record the complaint verbatim as at 09:05; nurse acknowledgment and dietary/mobility restrictions are unknown. The paper draft should state that it must be promptly verified by authorized medical personnel per institutional procedure, and it must not claim acknowledgment or safety; a real abnormality should be reported promptly and cannot wait until the seven-day plan ends.
Use tools for organizing records and drafting shift handover summaries; keep raw observation data and the basis for escalation, and anything entering the formal care record must be reviewed by a person and signed.
Clarify which tool outputs may enter care and quality control records and which must be reviewed by a person; archive according to institutional policy and infection control and adverse event reporting requirements.
U.S. 31-1131 works under the direction of licensed nursing staff; certified nursing assistant (CNA) and certified medication aide (CMA) designations should be verified against the state, the actual tasks, and employer requirements — a catalogue or training does not equal authorization, and none of it transfers to China. For Chinese posts, first verify the 2019 training target groups and institutional requirements, then verify 2024 skill levels against the specific application conditions; do not claim that all posts must be graded level by level.
The existing evidence does not support a replacement conclusion: O*NET provides no generative AI adoption rate for this occupation, and feeding, bathing, transfer, observation, and reporting must still be done on site by trained personnel.
Source: O*NET Employer-Based Hot Technologies 31-1131.00Original source ↗
No. Measuring vital signs, observing symptoms, and reporting abnormalities require on-site judgment and a responsible signature, and tool output must be reviewed by a person before entering the care record.
Source: O*NET 31-1131.00 detailed occupational profileOriginal source ↗
Official sources do not show this occupation using generative AI as a core tool; employer-mentioned software centers on office and clinical information systems (Excel, Office, Epic Systems, and so on).
Source: O*NET Employer-Based Hot Technologies 31-1131.00Original source ↗
U.S. 31-1131: 2025 employment 1,505,900, projected 1,544,900 in 2035, growth of 3% over 2025—2035 (average level), average annual openings 196,200 including growth and replacement needs; not real-time hiring, net new jobs, or a causal AI estimate.
Source: O*NET National Employment Trends 31-1131.00Original source ↗
Usable for scheduling organization, care checklist drafts, handover summaries, and study review; anything involving medication administration, transfer, and release of records must be reviewed by a person.
Source: O*NET 31-1131.00 detailed occupational profileOriginal source ↗
U.S. 31-1131: 2025 employment 1,505,900, projected 1,544,900 in 2035, growth of 3% over 2025—2035 (average level), average annual openings 196,200 including growth and replacement needs; not real-time hiring, net new jobs, or a causal AI estimate. This round did not obtain causal results on AI replacement or layoffs for this occupation, so it cannot be asserted that no other research exists.
Source: O*NET National Employment Trends 31-1131.00Original source ↗
Verify inputs, the specific authorization, supervision, and institutional review arrangements, keep raw data, and report abnormalities promptly; do not write two-person verification as a uniform legal threshold for all tasks. Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately.
Source: O*NET 31-1131.00 detailed occupational profileOriginal source ↗
Moving from nursing assistant to adjacent occupations, first compare transferable care and communication abilities, then fill in the education, qualification, and authorization requirements specific to the target direction.
Not obtained; no monthly salary is filled in as a substitute
Median annual 5 ten-thousand yuan ÷ 12 ≈ 4167 yuan/month, an arithmetic equivalent only, not the nursing assistant monthly wage
2025 non-private 146,266 and private 75,631 yuan/year; not monthly wages
Public duty and skill information can support career exploration but cannot be used to infer personal salary.
| Role direction | Data status | Explanation |
|---|---|---|
| Care or nursing-related training | The basis for level-five competence of medical nursing assistants | Organized according to the Training Outline for Medical Nursing Assistants (trial); no fewer than 120 class hours for those serving patients as the main target. |
| Medical nursing assistant vocational skill level | The basis for performing life care and some auxiliary work by level | The 2024 standard spans level five (junior worker) through level one (senior technician); verify against the application conditions of each level — it is not a uniform level-by-level threshold for all posts, still less a nurse license. |
| Certified nursing assistant certification (United States) | Certification requirements for nursing assistant posts in some states | Verify against state-approved training and competence assessment; this does not equal independent practice authority. |
| Medication aide certification (United States) | A prerequisite for being allowed to take on medication administration tasks in some states | Verify against state law and institutional authorization; the authorized scope must not be extrapolated. |
For salary judgments, return to the specific city, institution type, position level, and public recruitment terms for verification.
Verify departmental authorization, scheduling, and care scope.
Verify care intensity, shifts, and employment arrangement.
Verify requirements for home visits, family communication, and handover of responsibility.
U.S. 31-1131 works under the direction of licensed nursing staff; certified nursing assistant (CNA) and certified medication aide (CMA) designations should be verified against the state, the actual tasks, and employer requirements — a catalogue or training does not equal authorization, and none of it transfers to China.；The tool assistance on this page is an editorial assumption and cannot authorize care or technical work.
| The range covering the middle half of practitioners.；The 25th—75th percentile also comes from the 2025 BLS OEWS national survey and cannot be compared directly with the pay terms of a single institution or a single shift. |
| 10th—90th percentile | $33,940—$51,980 | About $16.32—$24.99/hour | The two ends of the distribution, useful for understanding spread rather than a job-level ladder.；The 10th—90th percentile reflects the two ends of the distribution: a low percentile is not a new-graduate starting salary, and a high percentile does not represent the general level of practitioners. |
|---|
10th percentile wage：$33,940/year ($16.32/hour)；2025 BLS OEWS national 10th percentile；a low percentile is not a new-graduate starting salary
25th percentile wage：$37,260/year ($17.91/hour)；Same-measure national 25th percentile
Median wage：$42,260/year ($20.32/hour)；Same-measure national median；not a starting salary or a personal quote
75th percentile wage：$47,220/year ($22.70/hour)；Same-measure national 75th percentile
90th percentile wage：$51,980/year ($24.99/hour)；Same-measure national 90th percentile；a high percentile does not represent the general level
The median wage is not a starting salary, nor a promise of personal income.；OEWS national occupational wages do not equal a single shift's offer or an individual's take-home income; this page does not itemize employer overtime, night shift, and benefits arrangements, which must be checked against the actual job terms.
The 25th—75th percentile is the range covering the middle half of practitioners, and the 10th—90th percentile reflects the two ends of the distribution.；Nursing assistants' actual income must be verified by institution type, state, shift (including night shifts and weekends), employment arrangement, and union agreements; U.S. figures cannot be converted into mainland China personal income, and percentile ranges cannot be read as a job-level ladder.
It is the stock of occupational employment, not the current number of job postings.
Growth projections and annual openings are market signals, not an individual hiring probability.
| Industry | Data status (editorial verification scenarios) | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Hospitals | Verify the specific position | Department, scheduling, and authorized scope may differ. |
| Nursing homes and long-term care facilities | Verify the specific position | Care intensity, shifts, and employment arrangement may differ. |
| Service agencies and transfer assistance | Verify the specific position | Home visit arrangements and handover of responsibility may differ. |
| Other employers and regions | Verify the specific position | State certification, experience, and benefits change the actual terms. |
Verify differences in shifts, night shifts, and care intensity across hospital, nursing home, or home settings.
Verify the effect of state-level certification (such as CNA/CMA) and employer authorization on the post and pay.
Verify the actual requirements for training, competence assessment, and reviewable care records.
O*NET/BLS 2024 precise occupational employment size, not the current number of job postings
2025—2035 precise occupational employment projection, labeled Bright Outlook by O*NET
Average annual openings over the projection period, including growth and replacement needs；not equal to an individual's hiring probability
What preferences does SRC indicate?
SRC is a preference for activities of interest; record verification, timely handover, performance in supervised training, and physical job requirements are the work evidence that must be verified. Personality or type does not determine hiring, and a paper exercise does not prove competence in care procedures.；SRC can be used to explore preferences for helping, hands-on assistance, and orderly record keeping. Use the ABC to verify records, and do not treat an interest in helping as a nursing license.
Do not use it this way: An interest code describes only activity preferences and cannot replace preceptor evaluations and real work samples.
Take a career interest assessmentCan the Big Five verify consistent record-keeping habits?
The Big Five dimensions can support self-observation of conscientiousness, cooperation, and emotional stability. Verify against long-term records and preceptor feedback, and do not hire by score.
Do not use it this way: Personality dimensions do not predict care competence.
Take a Big Five personality assessmentCan MBTI decide who is suited to provide care?
MBTI is used only to discuss preferences for receiving handover information and for communicating. A type cannot be designated to decide whether someone can provide care.
Do not use it this way: MBTI is not a career selection tool.
Take an MBTI assessmentCan the Enneagram assess conflict-handling ability?
Enneagram narratives can be used to reflect on one's own coping motives in conflict. It is not a clinical or competence test.
Do not use it this way: The Enneagram is not a clinical or competence assessment.
Start with career interest exploration (RIASEC)Is quantity verification equivalent to an IQ test?
Here we discuss only the job requirement of verifying identifiers, times, and quantities. Computing 250 and the difference of 50 in the ABC does not prove IQ or medical competence.
Do not use it this way: A single assessment cannot represent long-term care performance.
Start with career interest exploration (RIASEC)Is listening to complaints equivalent to an EQ conclusion?
Emotional reflection can address listening and timely handover when facing complaints. Discomfort with body fluids or stress reactions must not be equated with an EQ score.
Do not use it this way: Emotional intelligence cannot replace ongoing assessment of stress tolerance and self-control.
Start with career interest exploration (RIASEC)Fits better when: Wants to compare nursing judgment responsibility; a nursing assistant's paper record cannot prove a registered nurse's clinical assessment ability.
Watch for: Usually requires registered nurse education and licensure.
Explore related career: Registered nurseFits better when: Provides nursing under supervision and may administer medication.
Watch for: Limited independent scope, requiring specialized education and licensure.
Explore related career: Licensed practical and vocational nursesFits better when: Mainly home-based life care and companionship.
Watch for: Home health and personal care scopes differ; verify the service provider, qualifications, and supervision, and do not draw technical authority conclusions from the setting.
Explore related career: Home health aides and personal care aidesFits better when: Assists with the outpatient visit workflow and records management.
Watch for: Mainly outpatient and administrative tasks.
Explore related career: Medical assistantFits better when: Provides prehospital emergency assessment and transport.
Watch for: Requires specialized training and state certification.
Explore related career: Emergency medical technicianFits better when: Medical operations, scheduling, and quality management.
Watch for: Usually requires higher education and management experience.
Explore related career: Medical and health services managersNo. SRC describes only activity preferences; fit also depends on training performance, preceptor feedback, and real work samples.
The assessments on this page are for self-exploration only and do not constitute selection criteria; hiring conditions follow official qualifications and post requirements.
Requires the physical capacity for continuous standing and walking and for positioning and lifting, the carefulness to measure vital signs accurately, and the willingness to work to procedure under supervision.
This occupation normally works under the direction of licensed nursing staff, so refusing review and guidance conflicts with the job requirements and needs careful assessment.
O*NET shows 52% standing continuously and 62% walking continuously, and lifting and transfer are common tasks; equipment and scheduling can reduce the load, but an honest assessment is still required.
75% are exposed to disease or infection daily, so it is necessary to assess whether one can adapt long term and comply with protective requirements; this is a fit signal, not a competence conclusion.
The existing evidence supports task-level assistance only: feeding, bathing, transfer, observation, and reporting must still be done on site by trained personnel, and official sources give no replacement conclusion.
China's medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 is a comparable role for comparison, not a statutory equivalent mapping to U.S. 31-1131. The 2024 national occupational standard specifies life care and some auxiliary work under the guidance of medical personnel, with five skill levels; a level cannot replace nurse authority. The 2025 hospital pilot on care without family accompaniment makes clear that medical nursing assistants are not health professional technical personnel, provide life care, and must not perform professional technical medical nursing work or replace medical personnel; the pilot's requirements must not be expanded into a uniform access law for all settings. Verify the actual post against local and institutional rules, and do not extrapolate U.S. medication administration and catheterization tasks to China. Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately.
Normally requires completing state-approved nursing assistant training and passing a competence assessment; some states require certification such as certified nursing assistant (CNA) or certified medication aide (CMA).
This round did not obtain a precise occupational wage and does not guarantee long-term growth; for 2025 enterprise occupational mid-category 414 Health, sports, and leisure service personnel, P10/25/50/75/90 are 3.00/3.77/5.00/6.77/9.91 ten-thousand yuan/year; medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 falls under this mid-category, but the statistic also covers other occupations and is limited to an enterprise sample, so it is not the nursing assistant wage.
Typical scenario：Delayed observation and reporting
Roles most affected：Those affected are nursing assistants who perform life assistance and observation handover, together with collaborating nurses, care recipients, and institutions; verification for new hires and busy shifts is an editorial focus, and no frequency ranking evidence was omitted.
Possible consequence：Delayed reporting, falls, and improper transfer can harm patients, while infection and missing records affect occupational health and continuity of care. Medication errors where administration is authorized in the United States are a separate task risk; Chinese medical nursing assistants do not perform professional technical medical nursing work.
How to reduce risk：Standard observation procedures, abnormality criteria checklists, and immediate reporting systems.
Evidence：O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context · O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context
Typical scenario：Patient falls and falls from bed
Roles most affected：Nursing assistants who assist with mobility and transfer
Possible consequence：The patient is injured, affecting subsequent treatment and accountability.
How to reduce risk：Trained and authorized personnel verify according to the institutional mobility plan and assistance arrangements; a plan missing from the ABC is submitted only to medical personnel for verification.
Evidence：O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context · O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context
Typical scenario：Medication and procedure verification errors
Roles most affected：Personnel actually authorized to administer medication or perform assistive procedures in the United States; not transferable to Chinese medical nursing assistants
Possible consequence：Medication or procedure errors cause direct harm.
How to reduce risk：First verify the specific tasks allowed by the state, compliant training, certification, and institutional supervision; where two-person verification is required, follow the system, and permission cannot be obtained from a general task catalogue.
Evidence：O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context · O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context
Typical scenario：Infection and body fluid exposure
Roles most affected：Nursing assistants who perform care and cleaning and disinfection
Possible consequence：Inadequate protection harms occupational health and may cause transmission.
How to reduce risk：Standard precautions, hand hygiene, and post-exposure management systems.
Evidence：O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context · O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context
Typical scenario：Missing documentation and handover
Roles most affected：Nursing assistants responsible for documentation and handover
Possible consequence：Continuity of care declines, affecting accountability.
How to reduce risk：Structured records, handover verification, and quality control spot checks.
Evidence：O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context · O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context
Typical scenario：Acting beyond scope
Roles most affected：Nursing assistants working under nurse direction
Possible consequence：Providing care or administering medication beyond authorized scope.
How to reduce risk：Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately.
Evidence：O*NET U.S. nursing assistant tasks and work context · National Health Commission 2020 nursing notice
Verify training, skill levels, institutional authorization, and lawful task permission separately; Chinese medical institutions: item eighteen of the 2020 notice requires medical nursing assistants to provide life care and assist with activities under the guidance of medical personnel, and strictly prohibits them from performing professional technical medical nursing work; the 2025 pilot on care without family accompaniment is not the sole basis for this institutional prohibition. Neither institutional authorization nor skill level removes that prohibition; other settings such as home care must have their service scope verified separately.
| Stage | Tasks | Authority boundaries | Supporting evidence | Next step |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Supervised learning stage | Verify the ABC paper records first, then verify compliant training and preceptorship plans | No independent medication administration or procedures | Learning records and preceptor evaluations | Complete training and competence assessment |
| Basic care stage | Complete the required training and provide life assistance under institutional authorization and supervision | Follow institutional procedure and nurse instructions |
20 minutes: read the ABC and flag Q12/Q21 and the life assistance authority as unknown.
20 minutes: keep the original times and sources of the two entries of 100/150 milliliters, totaling 250.
20 minutes: verify the stated total of 300 and the difference of 50, without adding a third entry.
20 minutes: list what is unknown about identity, dietary restrictions, and the mobility plan, and who should verify each.
20 minutes: record the verbatim statement at 09:05 and the items requiring timely handover, without diagnosing.
20 minutes: write that the nurse's acknowledgment status is unknown, distinguishing planned handover, sent, and confirmed.
| Scenario | Action | Review points | Delivered evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| The stated total of 300 and the two entries | Compute 250 and the difference of 50, keeping the original records | Cause unknown; do not add quantities | Quantity verification draft |
| Q12/Q21 identifiers | Flag the inconsistency and name the person responsible for verification | Must not be merged into the same person on one's own | Identifier discrepancy sheet |
| 09:05 dizziness, wanting to stand up | Verbatim wording, time, and items requiring timely handover |
ABC: two entries totaling 250, a discrepancy of 50 from the stated total, and a Q12/Q21 inconsistency
Keep the original records, the discrepancy, and the unknown cause; do not falsify execution
The verbatim statement at 09:05 and the unknown nurse acknowledgment status
List the person responsible for timely handover and the items pending confirmation; do not write a diagnosis, a mobility plan, or a real signature
| Category | Supporting evidence | Verifying party | Verification conditions | Authority boundaries | Responsible party | Next step |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nursing or care-related training (mainland China) | The basis for level-five competence of medical nursing assistants | Organized by training institutions and medical institutions according to the Training Outline for Medical Nursing Assistants (trial) | The 2019 outline requires no fewer than 120 class hours for patient-focused training: 40 theoretical and 80 practical; other target groups must be verified separately | Passing training does not equal independent practice or prescribing authority | Training institutions and medical institutions | Verify training and assessment requirements |
Typical scope：Start with the paper-based ABC record check; real care learning must meet the target post's training and preceptorship requirements.
Readiness evidence：Training assessment and preceptor evaluation records.
Credential boundary：Complete nursing assistant training and pass a competence assessment.
Next moves：Take part in care for complex patients under preceptorship.
Typical scope：Provide life assistance in this direction under compliant training, authorization, and supervision according to a clear plan.
Readiness evidence：Care records and vital sign records.
Credential boundary：Institutional post authorization and scheduling records.
Next moves：Learn to identify and report abnormalities.
Typical scope：Identify and report abnormalities in symptoms and vital signs.
Readiness evidence：Observation records and reporting records.
Credential boundary：Complete in-service training as required by the institution.
Next moves：Participate in quality and safety improvement.
Typical scope：Precept new colleagues and take part in infection control and safety improvement.
Readiness evidence：Preceptorship and quality control records.
Credential boundary：Institutional post authorization and preceptor qualifications.
Next moves：Participate in developing procedures and standards.
Typical scope：Start with the paper-based ABC record check; real care learning must meet the target post's training and preceptorship requirements.
Readiness evidence：Training records and preceptor evaluations.
Credential boundary：Complete medical nursing assistant training and pass the class hour assessment according to the outline.
Next moves：Learn key points of elderly care under preceptorship.
Typical scope：Provide life assistance in this direction under compliant training, authorization, and supervision according to a clear plan.
Readiness evidence：Care records and safety check records.
Credential boundary：Medical nursing assistant vocational skill level and institutional post authorization.
Next moves：Learn about pressure injuries and fall prevention.
Typical scope：Identify and report changes in skin condition, eating, and mobility.
Readiness evidence：Observation records and handover records.
Complete in-service training as required by the institution.
Typical scope：Start with the paper-based ABC record check; real care learning must meet the target post's training and preceptorship requirements.
Readiness evidence：Training records and preceptor evaluations.
Credential boundary：Complete medical nursing assistant or nursing assistant training.
Next moves：Learn home care procedures under preceptorship.
Typical scope：Provide life assistance in this direction under compliant training, authorization, and supervision according to a clear plan.
Readiness evidence：Care records and family communication records.
Credential boundary：Institutional or service provider post authorization.
Next moves：Learn family communication and safety assessment.
Typical scope：Identify and report home environment risks and health changes.
Readiness evidence：Observation records and reporting records.
Credential boundary：Complete in-service training as required by the service provider.
Skill progression should start with supervised learning of life care and observation documentation, then take on basic care after completing training and competence assessment, then learn to identify and report abnormalities, and finally move into preceptorship, infection control, and safety improvement; each step is premised on training assessment, institutional authorization, and supervision requirements.
Complete the required training and assessment and provide life assistance under institutional authorization, supervision, and an actual mobility and diet plan; this is not authority over all tasks independently.
Identify and report changes in symptoms and vital signs, and report to a nurse immediately when beyond scope.
Precept new colleagues and take part in infection control and safety improvement, without replacing nurses' nursing judgment.
United States nationwide · Precise occupation 31-1131.00 (United States)
1,505,900
U.S. employment level
2025 occupational stock; average annual openings include growth and replacement needs, not current-period hiring numbers.
Does not establish：Macro projection, not a personal hiring probability; the page does not give structural changes by post and region.
United States nationwide · Precise occupation 31-1131
196,200 per year
U.S. average annual job openings
Includes growth and replacement needs such as separations and retirement, not net new jobs.
Does not establish：Macro annual average projection, not a hiring probability or a real-time recruitment count.
These are capability relationships, not automatic promotions or credential waivers.
Transfers：Observation documentation and communication are transferable leads to verify; they do not prove target nursing judgment, medication administration, or first aid authority.
Build next：Lacks registered nurse education and licensure; education and licensing examinations must be added.
View career profileTransfers：Observation documentation and communication are transferable leads to verify; they do not prove target nursing judgment, medication administration, or first aid authority.
Build next：U.S. LPN/LVN requires separate verification of specialized education, state licensure, and the specific scope of supervision, and cannot be replaced by a Chinese nurse or APRN title.
View career profileTransfers：Life care and communication are transferable leads to verify, and the differences between home health and personal care must be verified separately.
Build next：Verify the tasks, training, supervision, and care recipients of home health and personal care separately.
View career profileTransfers：Overlaps with personal life care and companionship abilities.
Build next：Does not include institutional clinical tasks; pay and employment arrangements differ considerably.
View career profileTransfers：Communication and record-keeping habits transfer in part.
Build next：Requires adding outpatient workflow and administrative skills; not inpatient care.
View career profileTransfers：Observation documentation and communication are transferable leads to verify; they do not prove target nursing judgment, medication administration, or first aid authority.
Build next：Requires adding prehospital emergency training and state certification.
View career profileTransfers：Mobility transfer and equipment experience transfers.
Build next：Narrower care content; requires adding environment and support procedures.
View career profileTransfers：Frontline care experience helps in understanding operational needs.
Build next：Requires adding management and quality improvement abilities, and usually higher education.
View career profileObservable fit signals include: willingness to stay patient under high physical exertion (continuous standing and walking) and infection exposure, ability to measure vital signs accurately and report honestly, ability to stay calm in conflict or non-cooperation, and willingness to work to procedure under supervision. The SRC interest code describes only activity preferences and cannot replace real work performance and preceptor evaluations.
The existing evidence does not support a replacement conclusion: O*NET provides no generative AI adoption rate for this occupation, and its Hot Technologies lists only software mentioned by employers (Microsoft Excel/Office 1% each, Epic Systems 1%, and so on). Feeding, bathing, transfer, observation, and reporting must still be done on site by trained personnel, and tool output must be reviewed by a person before entering the care record.
Evidence insufficient: the sources verified so far include the Chinese occupational standard, the 2019 training notice, the 2025 hospital pilot on care without family accompaniment, the MOHRSS 2024 enterprise pay survey, and the 2025 NBS industry wages, but no precise national wage distribution for medical nursing assistants was obtained; not obtaining it does not prove it has not been published. 205 health professional technical personnel is not suitable as a wage proxy for medical nursing assistants, and the industry average is not an occupational median. NBS2025, non-private 146,266 and private 75,631 yuan/year, are only industry background.
In 2025, U.S. 31-1131 had a median annual wage of 42,260 USD and an hourly median of 20.32; the annual P10—90 range was 33,940—51,980 USD; the national distribution does not equal personal take-home income or a single employer's shift, overtime, and benefit terms, and it is not converted into Chinese personal income.
In the United States, O*NET JobZone3 indicates medium preparation; education is 39% high school, 24% postsecondary non-degree certificate, and 12% some college without a degree; this is not a uniform access requirement. U.S. 31-1131 works under the direction of licensed nursing staff; certified nursing assistant (CNA) and certified medication aide (CMA) designations should be verified against the state, the actual tasks, and employer requirements — a catalogue or training does not equal authorization, and none of it transfers to China. China's 2019 outline requires more than 120 class hours for patient-focused training, with 40 theoretical and 80 practical, and other target groups must be verified separately; skill levels follow the 2024 application conditions.
Risks include delayed observation handover, transfer injury, infection exposure, and documentation omissions; U.S. medical assistance tasks require separate verification of state authorization. China's medical nursing assistant 4-14-01-02 is a comparable role for comparison, not a statutory equivalent mapping to U.S. 31-1131. The 2024 national occupational standard specifies life care and some auxiliary work under the guidance of medical personnel, with five skill levels; a level cannot replace nurse authority. The 2025 hospital pilot on care without family accompaniment makes clear that medical nursing assistants are not health professional technical personnel, provide life care, and must not perform professional technical medical nursing work or replace medical personnel; the pilot's requirements must not be expanded into a uniform access law for all settings. Verify the actual post against local and institutional rules, and do not extrapolate U.S. medication administration and catheterization tasks to China.
Evidence is used by market, occupation, and period; learners do only the paper-based ABC record. Real care is performed by trained and authorized personnel according to institutional rules and supervision, and U.S. tasks are not extrapolated to China.
Verified 2026-10-11 this round; shared protected sources keep their original access records
O*NET OnLine / U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics / MOHRSS / National Bureau of Statistics
Limitations：The internal scale is used only for task-level discussion and does not constitute empirical conclusions about individuals, institutions, or markets.
Limitations：An industry sector average wage must not be treated as the nursing assistant occupational median, a starting salary, or personal income.
Limitations：Enterprise occupational mid-category 414, a broad reference only; not the precise wage for medical nursing assistants and does not cover all public medical institution employment.
Limitations：The standard specifies occupational levels and assessment requirements and does not grant independent diagnosis and treatment or prescribing authority; implementation is organized by localities and institutions according to their own procedures.
Limitations：The training outline specifies training content and class hours and does not grant practice qualifications or prescribing authority; implementation is organized by localities and institutions.
Limitations：This is reference content for service delivery and does not change the national occupational standard or practice authority.
Limitations：U.S. occupational scope; does not establish mainland China occupational mapping or licensing conclusions.
Limitations：U.S. education and interest measures; does not include licensure, certification, or permission conclusions.
Limitations：Macro projection, not a personal hiring probability; the page does not give structural changes by post and region.
Limitations：The OEWS national occupational distribution does not equal a single employer's shifts, overtime and benefit arrangements, or personal take-home income; actual terms must be verified separately.
Limitations：The share of employer job mentions does not prove proficiency, generative AI adoption, or degree of automation.
Limitations：A catalogue entry does not equal a license or an employer appointment; actual authorization still requires meeting state law and employer requirements.
Limitations：Industry distribution does not describe a specific institution's department configuration, scheduling, or post authorization.
Limitations：A program listing does not equal certification or licensure.
Limitations：For the listed O*NET occupation and the U.S. market only; does not establish mainland China occupational mapping or statutory qualifications.
Limitations：For the listed O*NET occupation and the U.S. market only; contains no China qualification or wage conclusions.
Limitations：Employer mentions do not prove proficiency, generative AI adoption, or degree of automation.
Limitations：Industry distribution does not describe a specific institution's department configuration, scheduling, or post authorization.
Limitations：A certification lookup entry does not grant practice authority; actual authorization must also meet state law and employer requirements.
Limitations：A program listing does not equal certification or licensure.
Limitations：The OEWS national occupational distribution does not equal a single employer's shifts, overtime and benefit arrangements, or personal take-home income; actual terms must be verified separately.
Limitations：U.S. education and interest measures; does not include licensure, certification, or permission conclusions.
Limitations：An industry sector average wage must not be treated as the nursing assistant occupational median, percentiles, or personal income.
Limitations：Covers the scope of medical institution management and does not directly determine all duties in home services.
Limitations：Precise SOC occupational totals; not real-time hiring, personal hiring rates, or causal AI outcomes. Registered as different official originals from the frozen O*NET and earlier BLS articles, and the frozen records are not copied.
Limitations：Editorial ratings use the existing occupational responsibilities and AI task analysis on this page. They are not adoption rates, measured effects, job-disappearance or personal-unemployment probabilities, or official scores from Stanford or another external institution. No measured time weights or future robot deployment are assumed.
The evidence supports only scope-level judgments about nursing assistants in the labeled market and period, and does not constitute a guarantee of personal income, hiring, or fit.
MBTI personality type assessment (English) · Big Five personality assessment (English) · MBTI assessment in Chinese · Big Five personality assessment (Chinese)
Report immediately per procedure when abnormal symptoms, a fall, or exposure occur.
| Participate in care for complex patients |
| Observation and reporting stage | Identify and report abnormalities in symptoms and vital signs | Report to a nurse when beyond scope | Observation records and reporting records | Participate in quality and safety improvement |
|---|
| Preceptorship and quality stage | Precept new colleagues and take part in infection control and safety improvement | Do not replace nurses' nursing judgment | Preceptorship and quality control records | Participate in developing procedures and standards |
|---|
| Specialty direction stage | Deepen care competence in geriatric, rehabilitation, or hospice and palliative care | Act according to institutional authorization and training level | Specialty care and training records | Participate in developing specialty procedures |
|---|
20 minutes: review against the reference on 250/50, the identifiers, the complaint, and the acknowledgment status; a real abnormality must be reported promptly and must not wait until day seven.
| Paper-based complaint handover draft |
| Nurse acknowledgment missing | Distinguish planned handover from confirmation status | Do not claim acknowledgment, safety, or completed care | List of unknowns and items pending confirmation |
|---|
| Medical nursing assistant vocational skill levels (mainland China) | The basis for performing life care and some auxiliary work by level | Determined by assessment bodies according to the National Occupational Standard for Medical Nursing Assistants (2024 edition) | Verify against the specific conditions and assessment requirements of the level applied for | A level does not equal independent diagnosis and treatment or prescribing authority | Human resources and social security departments and assessment bodies | Verify level and job requirements |
|---|
| Nurse practice registration (mainland China) | A prerequisite for engaging in nursing activities (nursing assistants are not included) | Registered and certified by the health commission | Verify the current nurse registration conditions and valid scope separately | Nurse registration does not equal nursing assistant qualification | Health commission and medical institutions | Distinguishing nurse and nursing assistant roles |
|---|
| Certified nursing assistant certification (United States) | Certification requirements for nursing assistant posts in some states | Organized by the state board of nursing or an authorized body | Verify against state-approved training and competence assessment | Certification does not equal independent practice authority | State board of nursing and employer | Verify state certification requirements |
|---|
| Medication aide certification (United States) | A prerequisite for being allowed to take on medication administration tasks in some states | Organized by the state board of nursing or an authorized body | Verify against state law and institutional authorization | The authorized scope must not be extrapolated | State board of nursing and employer | Verify the scope of medication administration authorization |
|---|
| Institutional post authorization and supervision requirements | Determines the task scope and shifts that may be performed | Authorized by the employer according to certification and post needs | Verify against the job description, assessments, and scheduling records | The authorized scope must not be extrapolated | Employer and nursing unit managers | Verify authorization documents and supervision arrangements |
|---|
Next moves：Participate in care quality improvement.
Typical scope：Precept the care team and take part in infection control.
Readiness evidence：Preceptorship and quality control records.
Credential boundary：Institutional post authorization and preceptor qualifications.
Next moves：Participate in developing long-term care procedures.
Next moves：Participate in home safety and quality improvement.
Typical scope：Precept new colleagues and take part in developing home care standards.
Readiness evidence：Preceptorship and quality control records.
Credential boundary：Service provider authorization and preceptor qualifications.
Next moves：Participate in developing home care standards.
