Find the grammatical head and the intended referent.
Review singular heads, two-person subjects, each, subject and object pronouns, and a non-defining clause about a person.
The count records matching answers on six selected grammar items. It is not a writing grade, percentile or CEFR level. Every explanation and this full guide are available whether your count is zero, partial or perfect.
The closest noun may not control the verb
An of-phrase can put a plural noun beside a verb whose subject head is singular. Each remains singular in the construction practised here, while two distinct people joined by and form a plural subject. Pronoun questions additionally fix whom or what the pronoun replaces. A form must fit both its sentence role and its intended reference, not just sound familiar.
Remove the inserted phrase temporarily
Try this original example: The stack of blue cards needs a label. Temporarily set aside of blue cards and read The stack needs a label. Then restore the phrase without changing needs. Compare The blue cards need labels, where cards itself is the subject head. This is a way to inspect the structure, not a rule to delete information from a final message.
Separate role from reference
For a pronoun, identify its role first: subject, object after a verb or preposition, or possessive expression. Then recover the explicitly named referent. In the relative-clause item, commas mark added information about a person, so the subject form who fits. Do not generalise that choice to every relative clause: defining clauses can allow that for people, and some object positions allow variation.
Change number while keeping the reference clear
Write two sentences about one fictional object, then rewrite them about two objects. Mark every subject, verb and pronoun that must change. Check whether the second sentence still points to the same objects and whether a possessive form has accidentally replaced a subject form. Review the short chains aloud and against a reference. The exercise is suggested practice, not an assessment of anyone’s intelligence.
Do not turn a usage choice into a speaker label
This set uses explicitly specified standard written constructions. It avoids making a collective noun, a disputed gerund pronoun or a dialect preference into a universal single-answer trap. The six counts do not measure all reference skills, editing competence or spoken fluency. Reading the explanation can help identify a missed structure; it does not establish a CEFR band or an employment qualification.