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Derrick operators, oil and gas (United States 47-5011.00) are responsible for derrick inspection, mud circulation and reporting, tripping coordination and equipment maintenance. In 2025 the United States national median annual wage is 58,620 USD; the BLS2025—2035 projection is growth of 2% and a net increase of 200 people. The older 2024—2034 annual average openings of about 1,000 include growth and replacement and cannot be spliced with the new projection. In China, verify training and qualifications according to unit category, the actual work items and onshore/offshore special requirements; special operation certificates are renewed on expiry, and the new catalogue assessment for offshore drillers is implemented from June 1, 2028 onward. Comparable evidence on Chinese occupational wages and on generative AI adoption and effects in this narrow occupation has not been obtained; see each section for details.
Decision center: this occupation is responsible for derrick equipment, mud circulation and tripping coordination. The focus is on implementing verification through equipment checks, parameter records, anomaly reporting and the shift handover chain; anomalies are handled according to the applicable procedures and authorization, and this page must not be treated as a site stop-work or well control instruction.
The work objects of this occupation are the drilling rig derrick system and the drilling fluid circulating in the well: the derrick, crown block, travelling block and cables, pumps and mud tanks, the viscosity and density of the drilling fluid, and the connection status of the drill string and casing string; the outputs are inspection and operation records, mud reports, anomaly handling and handover notes; the basis for judgment is equipment operating procedures and maintenance manuals, drilling fluid mixing and monitoring requirements, operating safety procedures and site management policies, not the position title.
Main differences: this subcategory is responsible for the derrick and mud circulation; rotary drill operators operate the drill rig and direct derrick and roustabout workers; roustabouts focus on oilfield equipment installation, cleaning and repair; and service unit operators are used for well stimulation or freeing stuck pipe. Chinese position qualifications are verified by specific operation item, and an occupational title does not automatically create driller authority.
Rotary drill operators operate the drill rig and direct derrick workers and roustabouts; first-line supervisors organise personnel, progress and safety management. This compares the U.S. task scope, while Chinese responsibility and certificates are verified against the actual operation item.
Roustabouts install, repair and clean oilfield equipment; service unit operators operate equipment for well stimulation or freeing stuck pipe. The latter is not a uniform entry-level support position for those without experience.
Editorial inference: approved software can assist with organising checklists, reports and handover summaries; pump monitoring is an equipment monitoring capability and cannot be proven by office software recruitment keywords alone. Without actual testing and position authorization, example outputs must not be used directly for operations.
Technical capability, actual adoption, job outcomes and replacement probability are four different questions; this page does not pass one off as another.
Mainland China salary: this round consulted the National Bureau of Statistics 2025 urban unit wage release, whose tables are aggregated by industry, region, unit type and listed position category, and did not obtain a national median or wage percentiles for derrick operation positions in mainland China; this does not prove the official source has never published, and a mining industry average or U.S. data is not used as a substitute.
Contract verification recommendation: ask about the employment relationship, basic wage, well-site or operation allowance, overtime calculation, idle-period treatment and leave arrangements. This round collected no reviewable recruitment pay sample and does not claim that this is a nationally common pay structure.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
Percentiles are wage statistics positions, not skill grades, years of experience or Chinese certificate levels. The national wage tables do not explain how much difference well-site stays, qualifications or regions each make; when comparing specific positions, check the wage composition and pay conditions separately.
Willing to perform repetitive checks according to procedure rather than skipping them based on experience, able to adapt long term to outdoor extreme heat and cold, noise and the living arrangements of shift work at the well site, able to wear and check safety harnesses and other protective equipment, and able to cooperate precisely with the crew under the lead hand's direction.
Memory is also one of the requirements: the O*NET detailed page gives memory importance 35, control precision 72 and multilimb coordination 75; these are occupational scales, not individual results. Checklists help reduce omissions but do not replace learning names, procedures and the meaning of parameters during training.
Editorial observation scenario: if equipment anomalies, work interruptions or weather affect operations, report according to site procedures and authorization and record truthfully, and take part in the review afterwards; this round has no frequency data or causal estimate of their effect on an individual's long-term performance.
Limit access scope, transmission method and retention period for operating parameters, equipment status and well location information according to enterprise rules; do not post site images or operating condition information to social platforms or use them for non-production purposes, and comply with site photography rules.
Wear and check common and specialised protective equipment as required by the position, implement work permits for work at height and in confined spaces, anchor point confirmation and weather condition assessment; when handling chemicals, operate according to label and compatibility requirements with splash and inhalation protection; arrange rotation and hydration in extreme temperatures, and stop work and report immediately if feeling unwell.
First verify the target position's operation items, occupational health conditions, unit safety training and position authorization. Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. Paper portfolio pieces are exploratory materials only, and formal training and certificates must be genuinely verified.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. For wages, see this subcategory's 2025 national percentiles; a quote is not inferred from the projection.
Derrick operators erect and operate drilling rig derrick equipment and operate pumps to circulate mud or fluid through the borehole: before raising or lowering the derrick, inspect the derrick and crown block, inspect and thread cables and clamps, start and monitor the mud pumps, regularly check vibration and anomalies, weigh clay with a portable mixer and mix it with water and chemicals to prepare drilling mud, control viscosity and density and complete the mud report, steady the pipe and guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators during tripping under direction, repair pumps, mud tanks and related equipment, and supervise and train crew members.
In the United States the driller operates the drill rig and directs derrick workers and roustabouts, while this page's 47-5011 is responsible for tasks such as the derrick and mud circulation. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. Chinese all-staff safety responsibility is implemented according to position and authorization and is not presumed from a U.S. name.
Worth trying first: able to accept long stays at the well site and shift work, able to adapt to outdoor extreme heat and cold and noisy environments, willing to perform repetitive checks according to procedure rather than skipping them based on experience, willing to wear and check safety harnesses and other protective equipment, and able to cooperate with the crew under the lead hand's direction to complete coordinated actions such as tripping.
Needs caution: first verify your suitability for working at height or in confined spaces, the target position's occupational health assessment and the stay-at-well-site and shift arrangements, and whether you are willing to check repeatedly and record truthfully. Health limitations should be confirmed by the applicable rules and professional assessment, not by personality type or a diagnosis from this page.
The editorial design D-06 is for document verification only: in the handover record J06, the signed v1 states equipment P06, day shift, checks pending confirmation and matters not returned; the unsigned v2 states equipment P07, night shift, checks completed and matters returned. In v1 the check time and recorder columns are left blank. Verify the two blanks and four conflicts against the entry module D-06 and write the pending verification list, version comparison, query draft and handover summary; answer only from the prompt, do not invent times, names or inspection conclusions, and do not operate equipment or set mud mixing or well control thresholds.
Decision center: whether you can write the equipment status, unfinished matters and version differences clearly so that the incoming shift knows what has been verified, what is still missing and whom to confirm with.
U.S. O*NET survey for this occupation: 58% outdoors under cover daily, 65% extreme heat or cold daily, 27% at heights daily and 35% hazardous conditions daily; contaminants 63% once a week or more but not daily, and dedicated protection 23% daily; equipment pace extremely important 61% and more than 40 hours a week 65%. The BLS oil and gas extraction workers combined group notes that some remote or offshore crews may be away from home for several weeks, which is not a uniform shift cycle for all positions.
The identity of this page is U.S. 47-5011.00, responsible for derrick and mud circulation and related tasks; rotary drill operators 47-5012 operate the drill rig and direct derrick and roustabout workers. Mainland China manages this by actual operation project, training and site authorization. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations.
Pre-job verification inputs: equipment and parameter records, inspection results, protection and work permits, weather conditions, anomalies and unfinished matters from the previous shift, and command and communication arrangements. A person must not start work without passing training; operation items requiring certification require valid qualification. Unclear matters must be confirmed and reported according to site policy, without lowering requirements on one's own.
Fit judgments should combine on-site lead hand observation, actual operation assessment and safety training feedback, and are not replaced by self-assessed physical fitness or an interest test; adaptability to heights, tolerance of repetitive checks, and willingness to accept shift work and stay-at-well-site living arrangements must all be confirmed in real well-site work and training.
All paper exercises on this page use fictitious materials; real derrick work, work at height and in confined spaces, electrical and mechanical maintenance, and well control and hydrogen sulfide handling must be carried out by personnel who have completed pre-job and specialised training and obtained the corresponding qualifications, under the applicable jurisdictional regulations (such as mainland China's Work Safety Law and special operations certification requirements, and well control and hydrogen sulfide training requirements; and U.S. state and employer safety and licence requirements) and site management policies.
Daily tasks: erect and inspect the derrick and cable system, maintain mud circulation equipment, monitor and adjust drilling fluid viscosity and density according to the plan, check pump sounds and vibration, assist with tripping, clean, lubricate and maintain related equipment, and report anomalies. Specific operations follow site procedures, direction and authorization; abnormal parameters must not be addressed by guessing and adding materials.
Check three: whether the coordinated tripping actions are safe — steadying the pipe, guiding pipe sections in and out of the elevators, consistent direction and hand signals, and standing clear of hazardous areas.
AI impact must be viewed separately: BLS discusses how automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring may curb part of the oil and gas combined group's demand, but does not quantify the causal effect of generative AI on this subcategory. Approved software organising checklists and handover drafts is only an editorial inference; equipment status, operating conditions and qualifications are still verified against site policy and the responsibility chain.
Check five: whether materials and chemicals are handled according to procedure — weighing and mixing sequence when preparing mud, chemical labelling and compatibility, and splash and inhalation protection.
Check six: whether equipment maintenance and anomaly reporting form a closed loop — whether repair and servicing of pumps, mud tanks and related equipment is recorded, and whether anomalies and signs of accidents are reported and handed over according to policy.
Key points for starting work in China: verify the target unit's training category, actual operation items and special operations qualification, special requirements for well control and sour service environments, occupational health, work permits and site authorization. The 2026 special operations certificate is renewed on expiry with a 6-year validity; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Paper exercises cannot replace real training, assessment or independent operation qualification.
Derrick operator work can be divided into three connected but independent work areas. The first is equipment inspection and preparation: before raising or lowering the derrick, inspect the derrick, crown block, cables and clamps, thread and secure cables and clamps, inspect pumps, mud tanks and related equipment, and confirm protective equipment and operating conditions. The second is circulation and parameter control: start and monitor the mud pumps, weigh clay with a portable mixer and mix it with water and chemicals to prepare drilling mud, control the viscosity and density of the drilling fluid, write mud reports and direct the crew in handling chemical additives. The third is rig floor coordination and maintenance: steady the pipe during tripping, guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators, complete coordinated actions as directed, repair pumps, mud tanks and related equipment, supervise and train crew members, and complete handover records and anomaly reporting. The three work areas alternate on site, with the pace determined by equipment operation and job progress.
Equipment inspection and preparation
Inspect the derrick and crown block → inspect and thread cables and clamps → inspect pumps and mud tanks → confirm protective equipment and operating conditions → record defects and report according to policy
Equipment inspection records and confirmation of usable condition
Circulation and parameter control
Start and monitor the mud pumps → weigh clay and mix it with water and chemicals to prepare mud → monitor and adjust viscosity and density → write mud reports → direct the crew in handling chemical additives
Drilling fluid parameter records and mud reports
Rig floor coordination and maintenance
Steady the pipe → guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators → complete tripping coordination as directed → repair pumps and mud tanks → supervise and train crew members → handover and anomaly reporting
Where are the boundaries between derrick operators and drillers, drilling crew workers, drilling fluid technicians and equipment maintenance personnel?
Comparison objects: 47-5011 is responsible for the derrick and mud circulation; the BLS47-5012 driller operates the drill rig and directs derrick and roustabout workers; 47-5071 roustabouts install, clean and repair oilfield equipment; 47-5013 service unit operators are used for well stimulation or freeing stuck pipe. The scope of responsibility for Chinese site positions is implemented through the all-staff responsibility system and actual authorization, and Chinese legal liability cannot be inferred from U.S. occupational titles. Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain a generative AI exposure score, adoption rate or job replacement effect that can be verified item by item against 47-5011. Occupational tasks, the BLS automation direction discussion and the recruitment software keywords respectively describe tasks, the combined group's demand direction and a recruitment proxy, and cannot be mixed as causal effects.
Core purpose
Keep the derrick system and drilling fluid circulation safe and usable in support of drilling. General equipment anomalies are reported, judged and handled according to site procedures and position authority; where an emergency directly endangering personal safety is found, article 55 of the Work Safety Law allows stopping work, or withdrawing after taking possible emergency measures, without obtaining approval first.
Adjacent positions focus on drill rig operation and crew direction, site equipment installation and cleaning, downhole operations or specialised maintenance. Statutory safety responsibility must be verified against the applicable Chinese responsibility system and position authorization.
Main objects and basis
The objects are the derrick, crown block, cables, pumps and mud tanks, drilling fluid parameters and pipe connection status; the basis is equipment operating procedures and maintenance manuals, drilling fluid mixing and monitoring requirements, operating safety procedures and site management policies.
Objects and basis of adjacent positions: drawworks and drilling parameters (driller operating procedures); rig floor and site work areas (drilling operating procedures); mud system and formation conditions (drilling fluid technical specifications); mechanical and electrical systems (equipment maintenance procedures).
Core process
Inspection and preparation → raising or lowering the derrick → circulation and mud mixing → monitoring viscosity and density → tripping coordination → maintenance and handover.
Processes of adjacent positions: operating the drawworks and drilling controls (driller); rig floor operations and site cooperation (drilling crew worker); mud system design and performance testing (drilling fluid technician); fault diagnosis and repair (equipment maintenance personnel).
Main outputs
Equipment inspection and operation records, mud reports and parameter records, anomaly handling and reporting records, and handover notes.
Outputs of adjacent positions: drilling and tripping records (driller); rig floor and site operation records (drilling crew worker); mud system design and performance data (drilling fluid technician); repair work orders and equipment status records (maintenance personnel).
Responsible party
The personnel in this occupation are responsible for the condition of the equipment they operate, the drilling fluid parameters and the safety of coordinated actions, and for the truthfulness of handover information; anomalies should be handled and reported according to procedures and authorization, and safety requirements must not be lowered unilaterally.
Article 22 of the Work Safety Law requires clarifying the responsible persons for each position, the scope of responsibility and the assessment standards. The U.S. driller directing derrick and roustabout workers does not mean the source proves that they bear sole or primary legal responsibility for the whole crew's safety in China.
Collaboration and supervision
Collaborate with the driller, drilling crew workers, drilling fluid technicians, maintenance personnel and on-site safety management personnel, passing on operating conditions, anomalies and unfinished matters through pre-shift meetings and shift handover; situations beyond one's qualification or authorization are handled and reported according to the applicable procedures and authorization.
Collaboration of adjacent positions: the driller collaborates with the crew and safety supervision; drilling crew workers collaborate with the driller and site personnel; drilling fluid technicians collaborate with the driller and the laboratory; maintenance personnel collaborate with operators and spare parts supply.
Conclusion boundaries
O*NET places this occupation in Job Zone 1–2 with SVP below 6; the education column reflects respondents' judgment on the education needed for newly hired staff: 69% below high school, 23% high school or equivalent and 5% post-secondary certificate, which is not the actual education share of new hires. The on-the-job training description for this Job Zone group is several days to one year and cannot be treated as a uniform training duration for this position.
The qualification and training requirements of adjacent positions cannot substitute for each other; this position's certification requirements also cannot substitute for certificates required by other special operations or positions, and the specifics follow the target jurisdiction's regulations and site management policies.
What are the common misunderstandings about the occupation of derrick operator?
The six questions below respectively verify the tasks, adjacent division of labor, AI evidence, Chinese and U.S. scope, wage basis and Chinese starting conditions. Job Zone is not a licence exempting training; wage percentiles are not starting pay or take-home income, and certificates do not automatically substitute across operation items.
What does a derrick operator actually do each day?
What is the difference between this occupation and drillers and drilling crew workers?
Will AI and automation replace derrick operators?
What is the relationship between derrick operation positions in mainland China and the U.S. 47-5011.00?
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain a national median or wage percentiles for derrick operation positions in mainland China. U.S. 47-5011.00 is a statistical occupational subcategory, while Chinese derrick workers and drillers are managed by trade and specific operation. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. This round consulted the National Bureau of Statistics 2025 urban unit wage release, whose tables are aggregated by industry, region, unit type and listed position category, and did not obtain a national median or wage percentiles for derrick operation positions in mainland China; this does not prove the official source has never published, and a mining industry average or U.S. data is not used as a substitute.
Which basis exactly do the wage and employment figures on the page belong to?
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
What should be noted when working in derrick operations in mainland China?
Complete pre-job and specialised safety training and confirm that you hold the certificates required for the position, and verify whether you have any occupational contraindication for working at height or in confined spaces.
Inspect the derrick, crown block, cables and clamps as required, inspect the pumps, mud tanks and related equipment, and confirm that safety harnesses and other protective equipment and operating conditions are in place before working.
Start and monitor the mud pumps, weigh clay and mix it with water and chemicals to prepare drilling mud according to the plan, monitor and adjust viscosity and density, and complete the mud report.
During tripping, steady the pipe and guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators, complete coordinated actions as directed, and stand clear of hazardous areas.
Repair pumps, mud tanks and related equipment, supervise and train crew members, complete handover records and anomaly reporting truthfully, and do not conceal defects or signs of accidents.
Collaborate with the driller, drilling crew workers, drilling fluid technicians and maintenance personnel according to responsibilities, and pass on operating conditions, anomalies and unfinished matters at pre-shift meetings and shift handover.
Work environment and collaboration
O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions.
The workplace follows the U.S. oil and gas extraction workers combined group: onshore well sites and some offshore or remote operation sites. Whether work involves workover, well testing, geothermal or coalbed methane and long stays at the well site must be checked for the target position; the combined group location description cannot be used to expand the statistical scope of 47-5011.
Main tools and materials: the derrick, crown block, travelling block and cable system, elevators and clamps, mud pumps and mud tanks, portable mixers, clay and chemical additives, safety harnesses and platform climbing devices, common and specialised protective equipment, and record forms for inspection and reporting.
Organisation: work is carried out by crew, with the driller directing tripping and drilling, the derrick operator responsible for derrick and mud circulation related work, and drilling crew workers and maintenance personnel cooperating by division of labor; information is passed on through pre-shift meetings, work instructions and shift handover.
Shifts should be asked about for the position. O*NET reports that 65% of respondents in this occupation report a typical working week over 40 hours; the BLS oil and gas combined group only notes that some remote or offshore crews work several consecutive weeks followed by leave, and does not provide a uniform cycle for this subcategory or a Chinese equivalent proportion.
Collaboration partners: the driller, drilling crew workers and rotary table workers, drilling fluid technicians, mechanical and electrical maintenance personnel, on-site safety management personnel and camp support staff; communication must carry operating parameters, equipment status, anomaly signs and unfinished matters.
Equipment, mud parameters and handover records are reviewed according to site policy; qualification verification distinguishes special operations certificate renewal on expiry, well control and hydrogen sulfide prevention retraining, and enterprise position assessment. Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue.
Quality judgments rest on whether equipment inspection is carried out as required, whether drilling fluid parameters are under control, whether coordinated actions are safe, whether anomalies are detected and reported in time, and whether handover information is accurate and complete, not merely on “the job being done”.
Structured occupational fields and source bases
U.S. 47-5011.00: derrick equipment and mud circulation tasks; Job Zone1–2 with SVP below 6. Respondents' education requirement judgments are 69% below high school, 23% high school or equivalent and 5% post-secondary certificate; the group training description does not equal this position's duration. The detailed page shows interests R100, C44 and I26; ability importance such as multilimb coordination 75, control precision 72, arm-hand steadiness 69 and memorisation 35 are all occupational scales, not individual scores.
2025 annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles for this subcategory are 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800 USD, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33 USD; these are not experience pay grades. U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions.
Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other. This round consulted the National Bureau of Statistics 2025 urban unit wage release, whose tables are aggregated by industry, region, unit type and listed position category, and did not obtain a national median or wage percentiles for derrick operation positions in mainland China; this does not prove the official source has never published, and a mining industry average or U.S. data is not used as a substitute.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain a generative AI exposure score, adoption rate or job replacement effect that can be verified item by item against 47-5011. Occupational tasks, the BLS automation direction discussion and the recruitment software keywords respectively describe tasks, the combined group's demand direction and a recruitment proxy, and cannot be mixed as causal effects.
Derrick Operators, Oil and Gas (47-5011.00) erect and operate derrick equipment and operate pumps to circulate mud or fluid through the borehole. O*NET15 tasks include equipment inspection, pump monitoring and parameter control, mud mixing, steadying pipe and elevator coordination during tripping, equipment repair, mud reporting, supervision and training. U.S. Job Zone1–2 does not mean exemption from training in China; China verifies training, well control, sour service environment and site authorization according to unit category and actual operation item, and the offshore driller item assessment is implemented from June 1, 2028.
Industrial machinery mechanics lean toward mechanical diagnosis, repair and maintenance; riggers install and use lifting rigging. This is an editorial comparison, and specific repair and lifting authority must be verified by jurisdiction and position.
The preparation level is U.S. Job Zone1–2, which does not mean exemption from training before starting work in China. Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other.
Site direction: derrick and mud circulation (the core work area of this page's occupation)
Inspect the derrick, crown block, cables and clamps and thread cables, inspect pumps and mud tanks, start and monitor the mud pumps, weigh clay and mix it with water and chemicals to prepare drilling mud, control viscosity and density and complete the mud report, and repair pumps, mud tanks and related equipment.
Compared with other site positions, this segment is directly tied to drilling fluid parameters and equipment status, and anomaly judgment depends on continuous observation of pump sounds, vibration and parameters; compared with maintenance positions, this segment focuses on operational monitoring and routine servicing, with complex mechanical and electrical faults handled by dedicated maintenance personnel.
If you are willing to work with equipment and parameters over the long term and can accept repetitive checks and an outdoor working environment, derrick and mud circulation can be the main line.
Site direction: tripping coordination and rig floor operations
Under the driller's direction, steady the pipe, guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators, complete coordinated actions according to hand signals and instructions, take part in rig floor and site operations, and assist in moving and positioning tubulars and equipment.
Compared with derrick and mud circulation, this segment relies more on the accuracy of crew cooperation and standing safety, with concentrated physical load; compared with the driller position, this segment does not operate the drawworks or drilling controls, but demands equally high accuracy in understanding instructions and coordinating actions.
If you would rather take on hands-on work within crew cooperation and hope to progress toward drill rig operation or lead positions, you can start with tripping coordination.
Adjacent positions: rotary drill operators and first-line supervisors
BLS rotary drill operators operate the drill rig and direct derrick workers and roustabouts; first-line supervisors take on organisation and coordination. They are different occupations or responsibility levels, not a common position that 47-5011 automatically upgrades into, and they cannot be directly equated with Chinese driller qualifications.
If you want to take on drill rig operation or organisational coordination, first verify the training, actual operation item certificates and authorization required by the target position; promotion and responsibility cannot be presumed from interest or the position name.
Adjacent positions: roustabouts and service unit operators (47-5071.00/47-5013.00 basis)
U.S. roustabouts install, repair and clean oilfield equipment and can usually serve as a starting point for building experience; service unit operators handle well stimulation or clearing stuck pipe, and the two should not both be regarded as inexperienced support work.
Those without experience can first look into the U.S. roustabout direction or basic positions approved by a Chinese unit; service unit operator positions require separate verification of experience, equipment and qualification requirements.
Adjacent occupations: industrial machinery mechanics and riggers
Industrial machinery mechanics are responsible for diagnosis, repair and preventive maintenance of mechanical systems and usually need more systematic mechanical training; riggers are responsible for selecting, inspecting and directing lifting rigging, and are adjacent to tripping and lifting operations but have no monitoring responsibility for the in-well circulation system.
If you prefer mechanical repair itself, compare the industrial machinery mechanic path; if you prefer lifting and rigging, compare the rigger path.
Boundary note: preparation level, certification and site authorization
Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other.
When choosing, verify the specific operation item, training class hours, well control and sour service environment requirements, valid certificates and renewal on expiry, occupational health and site authorization; look at real conditions before considering pay.
Site division of labor compared with adjacent positions
The table below compares the two site work areas of this page's occupation with adjacent positions across the same set of dimensions: career direction, core work and outputs, key differences, and which choice is a better fit. The directions explain differences and do not mean the same practitioner can work across positions; specific duties and authorization follow the position description, training records and site management policies.
Direction choice should depend on the site work segment and responsibility you are willing to take on long term, not on position names or a single wage figure; the certification requirements and authorization scope of each position differ and cannot substitute for each other.
Comparison basis: the official O*NET-SOC 47-5011.00 definition, tasks and work context; the O*NET profiles of adjacent occupations and positions (rotary drill operators 47-5012.00, service unit operators 47-5013.00, roustabouts 47-5071.00, first-line supervisors of mining and extraction workers 47-1011.00); and the pre-job training and special operations certification requirements under mainland China's Work Safety Law system together with the well control and hydrogen sulfide training requirements of GB 42294 Safety Regulations for Onshore Oil and Gas Exploration and Development; used only to explain duty and qualification boundaries and not representing a uniform position design across enterprises.
Transferring from an adjacent position requires verifying the target position's actual duties, education and training, well control and hydrogen sulfide environment training, occupational health and site assessment; driller and other special operations are handled separately according to the 2026 catalogue and implementation arrangements. Short-term shadowing or paper exercises do not create independent operation qualification.
It can assist in generating parameter trend prompts, check item reminders and draft reports, but these must be checked item by item against on-site equipment status, measured viscosity and density and safety procedures before being used to adjust operations and handover.
High-risk failures include treating a monitoring system prompt as a conclusion that the equipment is usable, missing precursors such as vibration and leaks, mixing mud using system default values in a way that departs from the plan, and continuing to work at the original pace despite anomaly prompts.
The ILO study provides a method for measuring global task exposure; task exposure does not equal site adoption, automation feasibility or job replacement outcomes. This round did not complete an item-by-item reviewable mapping between 47-5011 and its occupational classification, so no subcategory score, replacement ratio or date is given.
No. A system showing normal is not a conclusion that the equipment is usable or that work is permitted; real operations must verify equipment, personnel and conditions according to the applicable procedures. Where responsibility, validation and escalation processes are not clear, a trial demonstration is not treated as formal permission.
The impact of technology change on jobs requires task-level evidence; this page gives no replacement ratio or timetable, and demonstrations by equipment and software vendors cannot directly imply changes in employment counts.
Editorial reading: job outcomes look at the BLS projection and the recruitment proxy at O*NET hot technologies. This subcategory grows 2% in 2025—2035 with a net increase of 200; no published share is available for Office-type keywords, so adoption or replacement cannot be inferred. The scope and limitations of both are set out in the evidence table below.
Recruitment proxy: the U.S. full-year 2025 Lightcast recruitment terms list Excel, Outlook and Word, with all three percentages Not available. It supports only the existence of keywords, not position software usage rates, pump monitoring adoption, automation efficiency or generative AI replacement effects.
What do AI and automation mean for this occupation?
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. BLS automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring are combined-group direction discussions and do not quantify generative AI effects for this subcategory; record organisation is an editorial inference.
The five evidence cards below explain respectively: the U.S. recruitment software keyword proxy, the global task exposure study and its mapping limitations, this occupation's tasks and work context, the official employment projection and automation discussion, and general governance requirements. Recruitment terms do not prove equipment technical capability or actual adoption.
Recruitment proxy: O*NET hot technologies list Microsoft Excel, Outlook and Word; the source is the single U.S. full-year 2025 Lightcast recruitment post, and all three percentages are Not available. It supports the existence of keywords, not pump monitoring adoption, software prevalence or automation effects.
The Lightcast single recruitment post keywords are a recruitment proxy; the three shares on this page are not published, so software use, equipment monitoring capability, site adoption rates or job effects cannot be inferred.
Measurement method: the ILO generative AI occupational exposure index measures at task granularity how close generative AI is to occupational tasks, and can be used to discuss which tasks are closer to being automatable.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain an item-by-item reviewable mapping between the ILO task index and U.S. 47-5011, an occupational score, or adoption or employment effects. Global research cannot directly imply a replacement probability or date for this occupation.
15 tasks: 14 Core and 1 Supplemental: starting and monitoring pumps, controlling viscosity and density, inspecting the derrick and cables, mixing mud, coordinating pipe and elevators, repairing pumps and tanks, reporting and directing chemical additives, supervising and assisting training and so on; installing the crown block is Supplemental, and all 15 are not written as Core. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions.
These tasks and contexts show that this occupation depends heavily on physical work ability, sensory judgment about equipment and on-site coordination, and cannot be summarised by a uniform list of what can be automated.
O*NET gives the specific context response proportions of U.S. respondents for this subcategory; these survey proportions are not equal to accident rates or AI adoption rates, and cannot be extrapolated directly to Chinese sites, an individual enterprise or a person.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
This is the official explanation of employment scale and direction of change, a category-level judgment rather than a forecast about an individual position or person's opportunity, and not a quantified conclusion about the effect of any technology.
The BLS oil and gas combined group notes that supply and demand and the energy outlook may change the scale of operations, and that automatic drilling and similar technology may curb part of demand; the source does not quantify the net effect of generative AI on 47-5011 employment.
Governance requirements: introducing automation or monitoring systems requires clear roles, responsibilities, records and human oversight (NIST AI RMF terminology) and the retention of traceable inspection, operation and handover records.
System output is only a clue, and resuming normal operations requires verifying the actual equipment condition, rules and authority. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
The governance framework does not set drilling operating procedures, special operations certification requirements or well control and hydrogen sulfide handling procedures, and cannot replace applicable regulations and enterprise safety management policies.
Will AI and automation replace derrick operators?
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain an item-by-item reviewable generative AI occupational score or versioned scale for 47-5011; the Hero remains in the missing state. Popular software terms and adjacent occupation scores cannot substitute for that basis.
Do online monitoring and electronic reporting count as AI?
Editorial distinction: collecting pump pressure, vibration and filling in reports by deterministic rules does not automatically equal generative AI; the specific system functions must be verified. Neither O*NET tasks nor software keywords confirm the technology architecture used by any on-site equipment.
Can work continue just because the monitoring system shows normal?
Which steps are suitable for software or automation assistance?
Editorial inference: checklists and handover materials can be trialled as organised drafts; on-site inspection, mud mixing, equipment repair, coordinated actions and work permits are still implemented according to position authority and procedures. The O*NET task table shows what is done and does not give an automation feasibility rate.
What prerequisites are needed to use monitoring or automated equipment?
Editorial governance recommendation: first clarify responsibility, permitted use, equipment validation, records, training and failure escalation. New equipment must implement safety technical features, protection and dedicated training; unclear formal conditions of use are confirmed with the site manager, and permission cannot be bypassed by narrowing the trial scope.
What should you learn first to enter this occupation?
U.S. path: the BLS oil and gas combined group notes on-the-job learning, related experience and some CDL or safety certifications, with requirements varying by position. China is verified separately according to unit training category, the 2026 catalogue, Order No. 19 renewal on expiry and onshore and offshore special conditions, as detailed in the entry qualification table; BLS does not provide Chinese licensure.
Occupational tasks and work context
Purpose: to explain the official definition, task list, work context and preparation levels of this occupation 47-5011.00, which are the main basis for the task and fit content in the main text.
Tool and technology keywords
Full-year 2025 U.S. Lightcast recruitment proxy terms: Excel, Outlook and Word, with none of the three shares published; this is not a position software usage rate, proficiency or AI adoption rate.
Task-level exposure measurement method
The ILO provides a global task exposure research method; this round did not verify an item-by-item mapping and score from 47-5011 to its occupational classification, so it is not used to output a replacement conclusion for this occupation.
Detailed information page and skill requirements
Purpose: to verify this occupation's skills, transferable skills and detailed work activities, used to explain requirements such as operational monitoring, troubleshooting and equipment maintenance, without drawing automation conclusions from them.
Licence and training entry
Purpose: to verify the licence and training information entry for this occupation; the entry is for finding training and certification channels and does not equal employer hiring, site operating authorization or special operations qualification.
Overall employment projection, not AI attribution
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
AI risk governance framework
Purpose: to explain the role, responsibility, record and human oversight requirements when introducing AI or automated systems; it does not replace regulations and enterprise safety management policies.
Technical capability｜the record organisation described below is an editorial inference; first verify the actual inputs and outputs, and do not use office software terms to prove pump monitoring effects.
Adoption and review｜this round has no site adoption rate for this subcategory; trial outputs must be reviewed according to authority, measured equipment status and the applicable procedures.
Job outcomes and the recruitment proxy｜the two sets of evidence are read separately and cannot be used to infer adoption, causation or replacement from each other; see the evidence table below.
Equipment inspection and preparation
Before raising or lowering the derrick, inspect the derrick and crown block, inspect and thread cables, install clamps, and confirm protective equipment and operating conditions.
Checklists and records can be digitized
Climbing inspection, defect judgment and the decision on whether operating conditions are met are made by site personnel according to procedure.
Mud preparation and parameter control
Weigh clay and mix it with water and chemicals to prepare drilling mud, control the viscosity and density of the drilling fluid and complete the mud report.
Parameter records can be collected automatically
Mixing ratios and adjustments follow the plan, and chemical handling and addition sequence are verified and documented by site personnel.
Pump and circulation system operational monitoring
Start and monitor the mud pumps, regularly check vibration and other anomalies, and ensure the pumps and mud system operate normally.
Monitoring can assist with prompts about anomalies
On-site clues such as pump sounds, vibration and leaks must be verified by personnel. General equipment anomalies are reported, judged and handled according to site procedures and position authority; where an emergency directly endangering personal safety is found, article 55 of the Work Safety Law allows stopping work, or withdrawing after taking possible emergency measures, without obtaining approval first.
Tripping coordination and elevator operation
Under direction, steady the pipe, guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators, complete coordinated tripping actions and stay clear of hazardous areas.
Mainly physical coordination and hand signals
Coordinated actions and standing positions are verified against crew direction and site procedures. General equipment anomalies are reported, judged and handled according to site procedures and position authority; where an emergency directly endangering personal safety is found, article 55 of the Work Safety Law allows stopping work, or withdrawing after taking possible emergency measures, without obtaining approval first.
Equipment maintenance and repair
Repair pumps, mud tanks and related equipment, carry out routine servicing and judge when specialised maintenance is needed.
Work orders and spare parts records can be digitized
O*NET lists pump, mud tank and equipment repair tasks for this subcategory, and derrick worker repair is not excluded across the board; the actual repair scope, isolation and acceptance are verified against ability, applicable rules and position authorization. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
Protection for work at height and in confined spaces
Use safety harnesses and platform climbing devices according to procedure and implement protection measures for work at height and in confined spaces.
Anchor points, equipment condition and operating conditions are verified item by item by site personnel, and work must not proceed when they do not comply.
Handover, supervision and training
Supervise crew members and assist with training, write mud reports and handover records truthfully, and report defects and signs of accidents.
Record organisation can be assisted
The person is responsible for the truthfulness of the handover content and anomaly reporting, and must not conceal defects or signs of accidents.
Editorial inference: approved data collection may reduce duplicate entry; whether it improves this position's outcomes must be measured, and this round has no adoption or efficiency comparison. On-site equipment inspection and parameter control are carried out according to procedure.
System output is only a clue, and resuming normal operations requires verifying the actual equipment condition, rules and authority. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
Workover and well testing operation site
Editorial inference: machine and pump set monitoring can provide operating clues; this round has no adoption rate or operation type comparison data for this subcategory, and review still follows site procedures and authority.
Operation plans and site safety are jointly controlled by the site manager and certified personnel.
Offshore operation platform
The offshore special requirements are based on the AQ2085 interpretation and GB40554.1; this round did not obtain comparable data showing offshore automation is higher than onshore, so no technology coverage ranking is made.
For offshore listed well control personnel, training is at least 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years; for listed sour service personnel, at least 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. The offshore driller assessment under the new catalogue is implemented from June 1, 2028, and the currently applicable safety requirements cannot be skipped.
Confirm inputs
Verify this shift's operating conditions and test parameters, equipment status and inspection results, weather and operating conditions, and anomalies and unfinished matters from the previous shift.
Confirm conditions of use
Confirm the applicable scope, alarm thresholds and recording method of monitoring and automation equipment, and whether the site permits reliance on system prompts at that step.
Output review
Return system prompts to the measured equipment condition, pump sounds and vibration, measured viscosity and density and safety procedures for item-by-item review, and do not replace on-site judgment with interface readings.
Recording and traceability
Record inspection results, parameter adjustments, anomaly handling and handover content truthfully, so that the incoming shift can reproduce the basis for this shift's judgments.
Authorization and escalation
System output is only a clue, and resuming normal operations requires verifying the actual equipment condition, rules and authority. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
Treating a monitoring prompt as a conclusion that the equipment is usable
Relying directly on system readings may miss precursors such as vibration, leaks and structural defects, leading to equipment failure or personal injury.
Treat prompts as clues rather than conclusions, retain climbing inspection and manual listening, and handle and report anomalies according to the applicable procedures and authorization.
Permissions and use of operating data and location information
Editorial data governance verification scenario: confirm the target unit's rules on access, transmission, storage and external disclosure of operating parameters, equipment status, location and site images; the specific contractual and legal responsibilities must be checked against the actually applicable clauses, and no enterprise policy sample was obtained in this round. NIST is a voluntary AI governance reference and does not prove the specific legal consequences of well-site confidentiality.
Editorial data governance verification scenario: confirm the target unit's rules on access, transmission, storage and external disclosure of operating parameters, equipment status, location and site images; the specific contractual and legal responsibilities must be checked against the actually applicable clauses, and no enterprise policy sample was obtained in this round. NIST is a voluntary AI governance reference and does not prove the specific legal consequences of well-site confidentiality.
Missing on-site clues under automation reliance
Editorial risk inference: looking only at system prompts may miss pump sounds, vibration and equipment defects. This round has no long-term sensory degradation research for this subcategory, and this risk scenario is not written as a proven degradation effect.
Retain manual patrol inspection and listening, record deviations and state them at handover, and do not waive on-site inspection because the system shows normal.
Missing records and handover information
Editorial risk scenario: when inspection, parameter adjustment and anomaly handling are not recorded, verifying materials at handover and subsequent traceability may become harder, weakening the basis for safety and quality improvement.
Complete checklists, mud reports and handover records according to standards, record anomalies and unfinished matters, and confirm them face to face with the next shift.
Treating system suggestions as operating decisions
Treating system suggestions as the basis for mixing mud, continuing work or shutting down may depart from the operating plan and safety procedures and create well control or equipment risk.
System output is only a clue, and resuming normal operations requires verifying the actual equipment condition, rules and authority. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
First complete pre-job safety training and occupational contraindication screening, start on site from a cooperative position, and build up experience in equipment inspection, mud mixing and tripping coordination; do not replace on-site training with software or equipment demonstrations.
Bring monitoring and reporting tools into the existing inspection process, clarify which conclusions must be reviewed on site personally, and build the habit of truthful recording and handover.
Site managers and safety management personnel
Clarify equipment responsibility, validation and failure escalation, and implement the applicable training, certificate validity and renewal on expiry; the old rule of review every three years must not be retained.
Retain real situations of equipment inspection, mud mixing, anomaly recognition and tripping coordination in training, explain that task exposure does not equal job replacement, and avoid teaching only system operation.
Editorial job-seeking verification: the specific unit's training category, operation items, well control and sour service specialities, health and authorization, and written clauses on shift leave and remuneration. Article 13 of China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 with annual retraining no fewer than 20, verified by unit category and not uniform for all oil and gas positions. Article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining on job change or return after 1 year or more away, with additional targeted training for new equipment. Article 21 requires the unit to guarantee funding, article 22 accurate records, and article 23 payment of wages and necessary expenses during training; entrusting training does not transfer responsibility.
Therefore the China salary conclusion is an evidence boundary, not zero income; this occupation's U.S. percentiles cannot directly replace the income of comparable positions in mainland China, and a page being in Simplified Chinese does not mean a precisely equivalent occupational classification exists.
Note: not obtaining an occupation-specific figure does not mean the official source has never published one; this page records only the actual scope and results of what was consulted, and does not fill in with U.S. data, industry averages or non-transparent quote samples.
Published bases and gaps for derrick operation positions in mainland China
NBS2025 urban mining non-private 143,361 and private 79,169 pre-tax average annual, listed respectively as industry background only; the survey covers urban legal-entity units with 5 or more persons, excluding individuals and freelance workers, and non-private is not only state-owned. A multi-occupation industry average does not substitute for a derrick worker's median, starting pay, percentiles, monthly wage or an individual's take-home income.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain verifiable occupation-level wage statistics for derrick operation positions in mainland China; quotes from individual enterprises and recruitment platforms cannot represent the national level
Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. On job change or return after one year or more away, article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining again; this is not the old rule on practical operation examination after six months away from special operations.
Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. Oil and gas special operations personnel need junior high school education or above; those meeting the specific education or valid skill level conditions in article 9 may lawfully be exempted from training and sit the examination, so training for all personnel cannot be written as the only application pathway.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not verify a uniform current requirement for HSE certificates for all members of an onshore drilling crew, and additional training required by a target enterprise should be verified against its own policies; the competent department homepage cannot serve as proof. Verified special requirements: the Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other.
This round consulted the National Bureau of Statistics 2025 urban unit wage release, whose tables are aggregated by industry, region, unit type and listed position category, and did not obtain a national median or wage percentiles for derrick operation positions in mainland China; this does not prove the official source has never published, and a mining industry average or U.S. data is not used as a substitute.
Contract verification recommendation: ask about the specific clauses on how oil and gas project plan changes, weather stoppages, days at the well site and workload affect your remuneration, then verify who bears the costs. The BLS U.S. combined group's supply and demand fluctuation description cannot prove wage causation for all Chinese positions.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain causal research, samples or values on wage changes in Chinese derrick operation positions caused by generative AI or automation. The National Bureau of Statistics wage tables in this round also did not provide a figure listed separately for this position, so no impact ratio is estimated.
The mainland China salary section of this page retains only the evidence boundary: it does not treat an industry average as an occupational wage, does not substitute U.S. data, and does not state a national median, starting pay or percentile for this occupation.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain this occupation's individual taxes and fees, paid hours or deduction conditions, so an individual's take-home income cannot be estimated. OEWS is a statistic of employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages, including listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, excluding overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; it does not cover the self-employed. It cannot be written broadly that all bonuses or all allowances are excluded, nor can net individual income be estimated.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage.
Insufficient evidence: no wage median broken down by state or region for this occupation was obtained (United States, May 2025 wage data period). Regional figures must be queried on the O*NET local wage page by area and period and cannot be treated as a personal quote. Wage statistics and occupational profiles serve different purposes: OEWS is used for wage statistics and O*NET for occupational tasks, work context and preparation levels, with the period following what the source states.
How should the wages and employment of U.S. derrick operators be read?
Annual wage percentiles and the hourly basis
The median is the midpoint of the wage distribution, not an average starting wage. OEWS publishes both hourly and annual values; the sources in this round cannot prove that most people in this occupation are paid hourly. The statistical annualization assumption is also not an individual's paid hours across the year.
Questions to ask when reading these numbers
The quintiles present national distribution positions, not experience or qualification pay grades; the sources do not quantify the contribution of operation type, well-site stays or region to the differences. A high percentile cannot promise an individual quote, nor can Chinese qualifications be interpreted as the cause of U.S. wages.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
In which environments is this occupation distributed?
On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage.
O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain industry wages for the 47-5011 subcategory. The BLS U.S. oil and gas extraction workers combined group (47-5011, 47-5012, 47-5013, 47-5071) May 2025 employed persons' median annual wage is 61,340 USD per year in oil and gas extraction and 50,360 USD per year in support activities for mining; this is the combined group's occupation-by-industry wage, not the average of all occupations in the industry, and cannot substitute for this subcategory's industry wages.
This subcategory BLS2025 self-employed 0.5%: the employment projection includes the self-employed while OEWS wages exclude them; the share cannot be used to infer wage fluctuation or the share of dispatch and project-based work.
What factors make income differ for the same type of position?
Statistical wages are based on employed positions: whether work is full time, whether there is overtime and well-site allowance, and whether pay is settled by project all affect actual take-home income, and published percentiles and individual income cannot substitute for each other.
Contract verification recommendation: confirm the actual operating object, equipment and position duties, and check the qualification and remuneration clauses separately. U.S. national percentiles do not prove a wage premium for Chinese well control or driller certificates.
Editorial contract verification items: confirm item by item the employer or service company, onshore and offshore operation location, shift and well-site cycle, who bears training and certification costs, and the scope of what a quote covers. This round has no comparable occupational sample supporting a uniform causal relationship or magnitude of these factors on income.
How should the employment projection be read?
When comparable occupational income for mainland China was not obtained, this page retains the gap without interpolating, borrowing from adjacent occupations or converting currencies.
A single omission should not be used to negate yourself. Editorial review recommendation: compare the check items, on-site basis and handover information to find the steps pending verification, and have authorized personnel verify the cause; the cause of omissions cannot be determined before investigation.
Do not treat personality test results as a basis for job matching or hiring; trait distributions only suggest work style preferences and do not predict job performance.
O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions.
Emotional and interpersonal requirements differ by operation type and crew culture; this page does not use them to judge whether an individual is suitable, nor as a diagnostic basis.
The editorial design D-06 is for document verification only: in the handover record J06, the signed v1 states equipment P06, day shift, checks pending confirmation and matters not returned; the unsigned v2 states equipment P07, night shift, checks completed and matters returned. In v1 the check time and recorder columns are left blank. Verify the two blanks and four conflicts against the entry module D-06 and write the pending verification list, version comparison, query draft and handover summary; answer only from the prompt, do not invent times, names or inspection conclusions, and do not operate equipment or set mud mixing or well control thresholds.
RC (Realistic, Conventional)
The O*NET summary interest code is RC, and the detailed page gives occupational interests R100, C44, I26, E11, A0 and S0. The scores describe the occupational task environment; they are not an individual interest test or hiring score. Realistic leans toward hands-on work, equipment and the outdoors, and Conventional toward organising information by procedure.
Interest matching indicates experience preferences only: the real thresholds for this occupation also include pre-job safety production training, the certification required by the position and occupational contraindication screening, and on-site practical operation assessment; the interest code is not used for hiring screening.
Personality and fit: how do you judge whether this job suits you?
Direct answer: the common points of suitable candidates are being able to work long term outdoors and under well-site conditions, being willing to perform repetitive checks according to procedure, accepting instruction-based cooperation and standing discipline, and being able to handle and report anomalies according to the applicable procedures and authorization; typical unsuitable situations include occupational contraindications preventing work at height or in confined spaces, inability to accept long absences from home and shift work, or a tendency to skip checks based on experience. These are editorially summarized observation directions, not diagnostic or hiring standards.
The questions and directions below are used only for self-observation and low-cost verification and do not constitute psychological measurement, ability diagnosis or hiring evaluation; real adaptability must be confirmed through position training, practical operation assessment and occupational health examination.
Low-cost experience: verify the two blanks and four conflicts against the entry module D-06, and write the pending verification list, version comparison, query draft and handover summary; answer only from the prompt, do not invent times, names or inspection conclusions, and do not operate equipment or set mud mixing or well control thresholds.
Occupational interests (RIASEC)
What do R and C each represent?
RC means Realistic and Conventional; the detailed page gives R100 and C44, supporting the coexistence of hands-on work and recording by procedure. An occupational interest score is not an individual ability score, and matching cannot exempt training and assessment.
Willing to verify equipment status item by item against the checklist and stay alert to anomalies.
Willing to cooperate precisely with the crew under direction and complete records and handover truthfully.
Official tool: the O*NET Interest Profiler describes experience preferences only and does not predict competence or hiring outcomes; this occupation's official interest code is RC.
Do not skip training, certification and occupational contraindication verification just because the interest code matches.
Big Five (OCEAN)
What do conscientiousness and emotional stability mean for this occupation?
This round did not obtain Big Five validation for 47-5011 performance or hiring. O*NET work styles on Impact: carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66, which are not Big Five population averages or an individual scale. Item-by-item verification, truthful handover and feedback-based improvement are editorial observations.
Can complete checklists, parameter records and handover content item by item and does not omit them to save time.
Can still shut down by procedure, report and arrange follow-up when equipment anomalies or work interruptions occur.
Academic personality model: describes trait distributions only and is not used for hiring, promotion or pay decisions.
Do you prefer working independently or cooperating in a crew?
MBTI describes preferences, not an ability assessment. On site there are both independently completed inspections and servicing and tripping work that must be precisely coordinated under direction; either preference may adapt, and what matters is whether one can execute instructions and maintain standing discipline.
Can stay focused and leave no items out during independent patrol inspection.
Can proactively confirm instructions and hand signals when cooperation is needed, without acting on one's own.
This page is used for preference self-observation and does not determine occupational competence from it; no hiring validity validation for this subcategory is provided.
Do not judge from this that you are “unsuited to team work”.
How strong is your attitude toward procedures and discipline?
The Enneagram is a self-observation tool, not an occupational assessment. This occupation is constrained by the Work Safety Law system and enterprise safety policies: no one may start work without passing training, special operations require certification, and well control and hydrogen sulfide handling have clear procedures, so tolerance for procedures and discipline is one of the key aspects of the actual experience.
Willing to follow confirmed operating procedures and work permit requirements and not to simplify steps without authorization.
Has a steady sensitivity to equipment defects and anomaly signs and is willing to report them truthfully.
This page is used for motivation self-observation; no hiring or performance validity research for this subcategory was obtained, and people are not selected by type.
Do not use type labels to draw conclusions about yourself or others, and do not treat type as a basis for job matching or hiring.
General cognitive ability
How important are judgment and troubleshooting?
This occupation's basic skills include critical thinking and monitoring, and its transferable skills include operation monitoring, operation and control, repair, troubleshooting and equipment maintenance; on site, equipment condition must be judged amid noise and vibration, and a decision made whether to adjust or shut down when parameters deviate.
Can identify anomaly precursors from pump sounds, vibration and parameter changes and probe the cause.
Editorial observation: when information is insufficient, verify, report and record according to the applicable procedures; for emergencies directly endangering personal safety, lawfully stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures.
The O*NET detailed page provides occupational ability importance: multilimb coordination 75, control precision 72, arm-hand steadiness 69 and memorisation 35; these are not individual IQ or ability scores, and this page sets no test entry threshold.
Do not treat cognitive ability test scores as an occupational entry condition; this occupation places more weight on training, certification, medical examination and site assessment.
Emotional and interpersonal abilities
Why are communication and handover also important?
On site there is continuous contact with others (65%), teamwork is extremely important (61%) and coordinating or leading others is extremely important (48%), and there is relatively high responsibility for the health and safety of other employees (44% consider it very high); handover information, instruction confirmation and anomaly reporting directly affect the next shift's judgment.
Can explain operating conditions, anomalies and unfinished matters clearly at shift handover and confirm them face to face.
Can raise and report concerns through the process when disagreeing with an instruction or spotting risk, rather than executing in silence.
Editorial summary: emotional and interpersonal requirements differ by operation type and crew culture and are not used as a diagnostic basis.
Site direction: derrick and mud circulation
Interest in continuously observing equipment status and parameters; whether one can accept repetitive checks and outdoor work
Leaving parameter monitoring to system prompts and omitting on-site inspection and listening
Site direction: tripping coordination and rig floor operations
Preference for crew cooperation and instruction execution; whether one can maintain standing discipline at a high-intensity pace
Operating the drawworks or taking on lead duties without the corresponding qualification and authorization
Adjacent direction: oil and gas rotary drill operators 47-5012
Editorially observe interest in drill rig control and crew coordination; the target is not a basic roustabout or the four-occupation combined group.
Do not treat derrick and mud circulation experience as complete drill rig operating ability, driller qualification or site authorization.
Adjacent direction: first-line supervisors of mining and extraction workers
Interest in work organisation and safety management; whether one can bear responsibility for others' safety
Taking on lead duties without on-site experience and the corresponding training
Adjacent direction: industrial machinery mechanics
Interest in mechanical diagnosis and repair; whether one is willing to undergo more systematic mechanical training
Confusing routine servicing authority with authority for major equipment overhaul and electrical work
Adjacent direction: riggers
Interest in lifting rigging and direction; whether one can strictly implement lifting safety requirements
Confusing rigging duties with monitoring responsibility for the derrick and circulation system
If I cannot remember equipment names and parameter ranges, will this work be hard for me?
Will I feel very frustrated when a missed inspection or non-standard operation is pointed out?
Does an equipment anomaly or work interruption mean I am unsuited to this work?
I am not sure which site direction suits me better — what should I do?
First do the D-06 document verification experience, then look into the target position's equipment monitoring and coordination division of labor, training and shift conditions; paper record preferences cannot replace site assessment.
I am introverted; am I suited to being a derrick operator?
On site there are both independent patrol inspection and servicing and cooperative work that must be precisely coordinated under direction; what matters is whether one can confirm instructions, maintain standing discipline and explain the handover clearly, not whether one is extroverted.
How should I verify things if I am uncomfortable with work at height or have health concerns?
This page does not make a health diagnosis, nor presume that any particular condition is a uniform contraindication for all oil and gas positions. Verify limits against the specific operation item, occupational health requirements and professional assessment, then confirm with the employer what tasks can be undertaken and what protection arrangements apply.
If I cannot accept long stays at the well site and shift work, can I still do it?
O*NET reports that 65% of respondents in this occupation report a working week over 40 hours; the BLS combined group only notes that some remote or offshore crews are away from home for several weeks. Chinese and specific employer arrangements for well-site stays, shifts and leave must be asked about separately and cannot be inferred from U.S. proportions.
Without on-site experience, how do I judge whether I am suited?
First complete the D-06 two blanks and four conflicts verification on paper; if still interested, then ask the enterprise about formal safety training and approved shadowing arrangements. No one may enter the site and operate without training, and paper exercises are not equal to a certificate or position authorization.
Can one interest or personality test determine suitability?
A single test alone cannot decide. This occupation's interest code RC and the detailed page occupational interest scores describe the task environment, not an individual competence score. This round did not obtain validation specific to personality type for 47-5011 hiring or performance; formal training feedback, position qualification and occupational health assessment are still required.
If I decide to try, what is the next step?
Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other. Contact the target enterprise to confirm occupational health, training and approved shadowing; handle renewal on expiry according to Order No. 19.
O*NET occupational profile: used to explain this occupation's definition, tasks, interest code, skills and work context.
O*NET and BLS wage and employment data: used to explain this occupation's wage percentiles, employment scale and projection.
O*NET summary page and BLS Employment Projections: used to explain the direction of employment change for this occupation.
O*NET Interest Profiler: the interest questionnaire is used only for self-observation and not as a basis for hiring or assignment.
Operates a rig to extract oil and gas or obtain cores; the local oil-and-gas-workers actually corresponds to this subcategory, not the BLS four-occupation combined group.
Adjacent occupation comparison: first-line supervisors of mining and extraction workers.
Adjacent occupation comparison: industrial machinery mechanics.
Adjacent occupation comparison: riggers.
Contract verification recommendation: ask about well-site leave, overtime and allowances, idle-period treatment and who bears costs. Statutory training and labour protection funding obligations should be implemented, and specific remuneration rules are confirmed in writing for the position rather than inferred from a national norm.
Before starting work, implement training completion, valid certificates required by the position, occupational health and work authorization. Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations.
Complete equipment checklists, mud reports and operation records according to standards, and explain anomalies and unfinished matters face to face at shift handover with documentation, so that the incoming shift and subsequent traceability are reproducible and safety and quality improvement is easier.
Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters. Once safety is ensured, report according to policy and retain equipment records, cooperating with authorized personnel in the investigation, and do not invent causal conclusions before the investigation.
What risks should be judged in advance when working as a derrick operator?
Verify four categories of boundaries: training, valid qualifications and the target position's health conditions; this O*NET subcategory's exposure to heights, temperature and contaminants; the shift, idle-period and overtime pay clauses in your contract; and equipment inspection, mud reports and handover records. U.S. context proportions do not calculate personal risk; onshore and offshore special requirements are verified against the applicable standards. Income risk is a contract verification scenario, and this round has no national Chinese fluctuation or operation type comparison data.
O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. Article 22 of the Work Safety Law requires clearly identifying the responsible personnel, scope and assessment by position; article 28 requires employees to pass training before starting work, with separate training obligations for dispatched workers and student interns; article 29 requires dedicated training for new processes, technologies, materials and equipment; article 30 requires verifying qualifications for the actual special operation item. Chinese sole crew safety responsibility cannot be inferred from the driller title. The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or likely to contain H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. Income, data and failure consequences are editorial verification scenarios with no comparable incidence data.
This list does not replace the specific enterprise's operating procedures, safety management policies and occupational health management requirements and applicable regulations; specific requirements involving special operations certification, well control and hydrogen sulfide handling, work permits for work at height and in confined spaces, and occupational contraindication determination should be verified against the target jurisdiction and enterprise rules, and unclear matters should be confirmed with the site manager and safety management personnel.
First look at the work environment and task description
Permissions and use of operating data and site information
Positions responsible for parameter records, equipment status reporting, dispatch information transfer and site photography.
Operating parameters, equipment status, well location and site images being disclosed without authorization, posted to social platforms or used for non-production purposes, failing to comply with enterprise information and photography rules.
May leak enterprise production and location information, breach contractual and confidentiality requirements, and may give rise to regulatory or legal risk.
Exposure to heights, confined spaces, extreme temperatures and contaminants
Positions that inspect the derrick, mix mud and maintain pumps and mud tanks at open-air well sites over the long term.
O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions.
Editorial risk note: heights, machinery, chemicals and extreme temperatures require protection assessed against the actual site. Survey proportions are not equal to fall, burn, hearing loss or musculoskeletal injury incidence; this round did not obtain such incidence for this subcategory and does not diagnose an individual.
Contract risk over shift work and idle-period pay
Site operating personnel paid by well-site cycle and project settlement.
Editorial contract risk scenario: project stoppages or shift changes may affect an individual's pay arrangements. The actual clauses should be verified; the BLS combined group's supply and demand direction cannot prove the magnitude of income fluctuation for comparable Chinese positions.
Editorial scenario: if the contract does not clearly state idle-period wages, shift or overtime calculation, actual treatment may differ from the understanding of a quote. No sample in this round supports a national fluctuation magnitude.
Boundaries of pre-job training, special operations certification and occupational contraindications
Personnel involved in derrick operations, mud mixing and chemical handling, tripping coordination and positions requiring certification.
Operation items requiring certification without the corresponding valid qualification, prescribed well control positions without a training certificate, and failure to pass applicable hydrogen sulfide environment training should all be handled according to regulations and standards. Onshore hydrogen sulfide prevention is expressed as passing training and assessment, and cannot all be written as a uniform certificate; health conditions are verified against the specific position.
AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.2 and 5.1.3 set out the determination of major hazards for missing relevant special operations certificates, well control and hydrogen sulfide training; not every missing piece of information in this list is automatically equal to a statutory major accident hazard.
Missing checklists, mud reports and handover records
Positions responsible for equipment inspection, parameter control, anomaly handling and shift handover.
When equipment check items, mud parameters and the adjustment process are missing, and anomalies and unfinished matters are not explained, verifying the basis for the judgment at the time may become harder.
May increase the difficulty of verification at shift change and subsequent traceability and weaken the basis for safety and quality improvement; similar anomalies may recur, and no comparable incidence for this subcategory was obtained.
Anomaly precursors not detected and accident handling
Positions responsible for equipment monitoring, circulation system operation judgment and anomaly reporting.
Pump and pipeline anomalies, derrick structural defects or circulation parameter deviations not being detected in time, or not being shut down and reported according to procedure after detection, allowing the situation to escalate.
May cause equipment damage, work interruption and even personal injury, and expose problems in inspection, judgment and reporting.
O*NET tasks and work context for this subcategory; no personal risk or Chinese shift norm is estimated.
BLS combined group environment, shifts and projection; combined values are not passed off as 47-5011.
The specific driller operation items and offshore assessment transition arrangements of the 2026 Special Operations Catalogue.
The AQ2085 official interpretation sets out the scope for determining major hazards for special operations certificates and onshore and offshore well control and sour service training.
Used to explain governance, documentation and human oversight requirements when introducing AI systems.
| Entry directions | What you mainly do initially | Employer requirements and observation basis | How to prove it without experience | Differences from other directions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Site work and cooperative positions | Move and position tubulars within the crew, clear the work area, pass tools and materials, and become familiar with site signage and safety routes. | The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group states that roustabouts can usually start without experience; specific Chinese positions are verified against formal training and authorization. | The D-06 pending verification list and handover summary are exploratory only and do not replace formal training. | A relatively basic site task; it is not a uniform starting point for all units and does not exempt safety training. |
| Derrick operator (learning alongside the crew) | Under lead hand supervision, take part in derrick and cable inspection, mud mixing and pump status patrol inspection, and gradually complete checklists independently. | Observe whether check items are implemented item by item and whether anomalies are reported promptly. | D-06 version comparison and query draft; do not write mud mixing or shutdown thresholds. | Editorial distinction: approved shadowing and independent operation authority are different; article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters. |
| Derrick worker meeting the position qualification and authorization | Independently take on derrick and mud circulation work, handle common anomalies and shut down and report according to procedure, and take part in shift handover. | Observe whether the certificates required by the position are held and whether independent judgment can be made according to procedure. | Formal training and valid qualification originals are verified according to law; D-06 does not serve as a genuine certificate. | Certificates and the on-site task scope are verified separately; a single certificate is not treated as full independent authority. |
| Driller direction (rotary drill operation) | After meeting the corresponding qualification and authorization, operate the drill rig and organise cooperation; the safety responsibility of each position is implemented through the unit's responsibility system. | Observe the special operations certificate, the operation assessment results and crew management ability. | Confirm the corresponding operation item and implementation period in the 2026 catalogue; D-06 does not create driller operating permission. | The operation and organisation scope is verified against the actual driller project and position authorization; the responsibility of each position is implemented separately and is not sole legal responsibility for the whole crew. |
| Lead and safety management position | Take on work organisation, personnel deployment, safety education and hazard inspection, and cooperate with safety supervision and subcontractor management. | The specific management position experience and induction training must be verified against the employer and regulations, with no uniform number of years. | D-06 list of unknown subsequent responsibilities; formal management qualification is verified separately. | More oriented to supervision and coordination, with experience and statutory management knowledge assessment verified against the actual position and no uniform long duration. |
Chinese statutory precondition: passing training and the target position's health conditions
Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites.
Verification of Chinese certificates and specialised training
Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other.
Editorial observation: inspection, records and handover
The verification direction is designed based on O*NET tasks; this round collected no reviewable employer recruitment sample, so this is not claimed as a uniform hiring requirement.
Editorially designed portfolio suggestions (not employer requirements)
The portfolio pieces and exercises below are editorial designs used to demonstrate a verifiable way of working and do not represent uniform employer assessment requirements.
Portfolio piece one: D-06 pending verification list
From the prompt, list the two blanks of check time and recorder and write that the record owner must be consulted, without inventing values.
Portfolio piece two: D-06 version comparison
Place side by side the four conflicts of equipment, shift, check status and matter return, marking v1 as signed and v2 as unsigned.
Portfolio piece three: D-06 query draft
Ask the original record owner about the blank and conflict evidence and the authorized reviewer's version correction procedure; keep it pending verification if there is no reply.
Portfolio piece four: D-06 handover summary
Hand over only the numbers, versions and known document status, and list what is unknown and the subsequent responsibility; do not form equipment safety conclusions or operating permission.
| Scenario | What to verify | How to observe | What cannot be inferred from it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Safety training and medical examination during the trial period | Whether pre-job and specialised training are completed and whether occupational contraindication screening is passed. | Verify the training records, class hours and medical examination conclusions, and observe familiarity with the procedural requirements. | Completing training does not mean being able to undertake all position operations independently, nor does it replace certification requirements. |
| Inspection and recording during the trial period | Whether the condition of the derrick, cables and pumps can be verified item by item against the checklist and recorded truthfully. | Observe whether items are missed and whether defects are reported immediately. | One conforming inspection does not mean long-term reliability, and judgment ability cannot be judged from it. |
| Mud mixing and parameters during the trial period | Whether mud can be mixed according to the plan and viscosity and density monitored, and whether anomalies are handled according to procedure. | Observe execution of the mixing ratio, chemical handling standards and completeness of parameter records. | Familiarity with mud mixing does not equal qualification for mud system design or well control handling. |
| Cooperation and handover during the trial period | Whether tripping coordination can be completed as directed and anomalies and unfinished matters explained clearly at shift handover. | Observe standing discipline, instruction confirmation and accuracy of handover records. | Adapting to crew pace does not equal lead qualification or a special operations certificate. |
| Qualification/preparation item | Mainly suitable for whom | Realistic role in job seeking | Whether it is a general entry threshold | Registration/handling conditions | Investment considerations | Important limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pre-job safety production training (mainland China) | All site operating personnel | A statutory precondition for starting work | Yes (mainland China basis) | Article 13 of China's unit safety training provisions: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 with annual retraining no fewer than 20, verified by unit category and not uniform for all oil and gas positions. Article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining on job change or return after 1 year or more away, with additional targeted training for new equipment. Article 21 requires the unit to guarantee funding, article 22 accurate records, and article 23 payment of wages and necessary expenses during training; entrusting training does not transfer responsibility. | The unit organises and guarantees funding according to law; wages and necessary expenses are paid during training, and entrusting training does not transfer responsibility. | Passing training does not equal obtaining special operations qualification. |
| Special operations certificate: according to the specific driller item in the 2026 catalogue | Those intending to work as drillers | Statutory entry qualification for driller positions | The corresponding actual operation item must be verified; the offshore driller assessment is implemented from June 1, 2028 | Order No. 19 takes effect on 2026-06-01 and repeals the old provisions: for oil and gas special operations personnel, being 18 years old up to the statutory retirement age, health and skill conditions, and junior high school education or above are verified separately. Article 9: those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education may, with the issuing authority's consent, be exempted from training and sit the examination, or with a lawful, valid and matching vocational skill level certificate may be exempted from training; there is no exemption from the examination, unit pre-job training or well control training. The certificate is valid for 6 years, with the renewal theory training and examination completed within 6 months before expiry and the application made within 60 days before expiry; after expiry the corresponding operation must not be performed, and extension follows separate statutory conditions during which no operation may be performed. | Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. | 2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements. |
| Well control technical training qualification certificate | Operating personnel such as drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers | Special requirements listing the operations and personnel scope, not a uniform certificate for everyone in the industry | Corresponds only to the specified operations and personnel scope | The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or possibly containing H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. | For listed offshore well control positions, 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years; onshore class hours are not filled with the same figure on that basis. | The certificate does not replace a special operations certificate or a site work permit. |
| Hydrogen sulfide environment training | Relevant onshore personnel and listed offshore sour service operating personnel | Special safety requirements for the corresponding environment | Verified according to the environment and the personnel scope | Onshore personnel in environments containing or possibly containing H2S must pass training and assessment; for listed offshore operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. | Arranged according to the unit and the applicable standards | A uniform HSE certificate for all onshore personnel cannot be presumed from the competent department's homepage. |
| Offshore special requirements | Personnel on actual offshore operation projects | Implemented according to the applicable offshore standards | The same certificate combination for all positions is not presumed | The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or possibly containing H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. 2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements. | Verify the target unit's training and health arrangements | No uniform combination of a safety and life-saving qualification certificate and a health certificate applicable to all positions was verified; this is not written as a current general entry conclusion. |
| United States: employer safety training and position qualification | Those working in the United States | Meeting employer and occupational safety requirements | Determined by employer and regulatory requirements | The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. | Depends on employer and position | BLS describes conditions for different positions; the entry does not prove that no other qualification requirements exist anywhere in the United States. |
The training arrangements, medical examination requirements and certificate conditions in a recruitment announcement must be read item by item; the enterprise bearing training and certification costs does not mean training and assessment standards can be lowered.
The portfolio and seven-day experience suggested on this page are for career exploration only and do not establish that training has been passed, certification is held or site operating authorization has been granted.
Entering this occupation is not just sending a resume: first confirm whether you can pass occupational contraindication screening, then verify the pre-job and specialised training arrangements and the certificates required by the position.
This page is on the O*NET-SOC 47-5011.00 basis; the specific position duties and authorization follow the position description, training and certification records, medical examination conclusions and site management policies, and are not inferred from the position name.
The U.S. BLS notes that the oil and gas combined group allows building experience through roustabout work, learning alongside the crew and safety training; China cannot be assumed to have a uniform entry order on that basis. First implement the target unit's training, then confirm qualification according to the actual operation item, well control and hydrogen sulfide conditions, and only then shadow the crew with approval.
Ability verification: the standard is whether equipment can be verified item by item against the checklist, whether mud can be mixed according to the plan and parameter deviations identified, whether shutdown and reporting can be carried out according to procedure when anomalies occur, whether tripping can be precisely coordinated under direction while maintaining standing discipline, and whether handover information can be written clearly and confirmed face to face.
The following is an editorially designed capability development structure, not a uniform grade, hiring or promotion timetable; different certificates, specialised retraining, renewal on expiry and position authorization are verified separately.
Materials: fictitious document D-06
The editorial design D-06 is for document verification only: in the handover record J06, the signed v1 states equipment P06, day shift, checks pending confirmation and matters not returned; the unsigned v2 states equipment P07, night shift, checks completed and matters returned. In v1 the check time and recorder columns are left blank.
Additional note: v1 is marked as a signed formal record and v2 as an unsigned draft. Both serve only as reading materials; the prompt contains no real inspection, operating parameters, thresholds or site authorization.
Task: answer the six verification questions
①What are the two blanks? ②What are the four conflicts? ③Can v2 overwrite v1? ④Which document facts can currently be confirmed? ⑤Whom should you ask, and what? ⑥Can you operate on this basis or claim to have passed the position assessment?
Submit one pending verification list, one version comparison, one query draft and one handover summary; leave unknown content blank as it is, and do not fill in times, names or check completion status yourself.
Reference answers and the four deliverables
①The check time and recorder are blank; ②the four conflicts are equipment P06/P07, day shift/night shift, pending confirmation/completed, and not returned/returned; ③the unsigned v2 cannot overwrite the signed v1, and signing cannot be used to conclude the equipment is safe; ④the material number J06, versions and prompt record status can be confirmed, but the real equipment condition cannot; ⑤ask the original record owner to supply evidence for the blanks and explain the conflicts, then ask the authorized reviewer to confirm the version correction procedure, marking it pending verification until materials are received; ⑥this does not permit operation or setting mud mixing or well control thresholds, and does not establish that training or assessment has been passed or certification is held.
Portfolio piece one lists the two blanks in the pending verification list; portfolio piece two lists the four conflicts and source versions in the version comparison; portfolio piece three writes the two types of query and the pending status in the query draft; portfolio piece four writes known document facts, unknowns and subsequent responsibility in the handover summary, without marking anomalous matters as complete.
Boundaries: verifying fictitious documents only
Do not enter the site, climb, touch equipment or chemicals, or design mud mixing and well control handling. Real tasks must be carried out by personnel meeting training, qualification and site authorization requirements in accordance with formal procedures. Paper materials do not serve as real training or certificates.
Day 1: fix the scope
Read the 47-5011 definition and 15 tasks and write one page on the position's objects and the difference from drillers and roustabouts.
Day 2: read D-06
Transcribe the signature status, equipment, shift, check and return status of the two versions of J06 and list the two blanks.
Day 3: portfolio pieces one and two
Complete the pending verification list and the four-conflict version comparison, and verify which version each value comes from.
Day 4: portfolio piece three
Write the query draft to the original record owner and the authorized reviewer; without a reply it stays pending verification, and no answers are invented.
Day 5: portfolio piece four
Write a handover summary containing only known document facts and unknown follow-up matters, and compare it item by item with the six answers.
Day 6: verify training and qualification
Write the list according to article 13 unit category, Order No. 19 renewal on expiry, the 2026 driller catalogue and onshore and offshore well control and sour service requirements; the offshore driller assessment starts in 2028.
Day 7: review the decision
Use the two blanks, four conflicts, six questions and four portfolio pieces to test paper accuracy, then list the formal training, occupational health, approved shadowing and shift contract questions to ask, without claiming on-site competence.
From no experience to independent work: capability stages and directions
Entry routes and preparation
The stages and directions below are an editorially summarized capability development structure, not an industry-wide uniform grade table, hiring condition or schedule guaranteeing promotion; training, certification, renewal on expiry and operating authorization requirements are verified against the target jurisdiction, operation type and enterprise policy.
The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. Chinese training and programmes are verified separately according to local rules.
Entry recommendation: ask the target unit clearly about the position category, health assessment, formal training and approved shadowing arrangements; the U.S. roustabout entry path is a BLS combined group description and is not a uniform order for all Chinese drilling crews.
Order No. 19 takes effect on 2026-06-01 and repeals the old provisions: for oil and gas special operations personnel, being 18 years old up to the statutory retirement age, health and skill conditions, and junior high school education or above are verified separately. Article 9: those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education may, with the issuing authority's consent, be exempted from training and sit the examination, or with a lawful, valid and matching vocational skill level certificate may be exempted from training; there is no exemption from the examination, unit pre-job training or well control training. The certificate is valid for 6 years, with the renewal theory training and examination completed within 6 months before expiry and the application made within 60 days before expiry; after expiry the corresponding operation must not be performed, and extension follows separate statutory conditions during which no operation may be performed. 2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements.
Preparation stage: pass the medical examination and complete pre-job training
Pass occupational contraindication screening, complete pre-job safety production training and pass the assessment, become familiar with site signage, safety routes, use of protective equipment and reporting paths, and be able to complete basic cooperative work under lead hand supervision.
Execution stage: take on this position's work independently
Can independently complete derrick and cable inspection against the checklist, mix mud according to the plan and monitor parameters, shut down and report according to procedure when anomalies occur, and complete tripping coordination as directed and hand over truthfully.
Maintenance stage: stabilize quality and safety performance
Can steadily identify equipment anomaly precursors and parameter deviations, properly implement protection for work at height and in confined spaces and chemical handling, keep inspection, reporting and handover records complete and traceable, and mentor new employees.
Development stage: certification advancement or lead management
Depending on the direction, one may obtain special operations qualification and move toward a drill rig operating position, or build on-site experience to take on work organisation and safety management duties; the scope of responsibility follows training records, certificates and position authorization.
Direction one: derrick and mud circulation
Stage one: on-site shadowing and basic cooperation
Complete pre-job training and the medical examination and become familiar with site signage, tool and material positioning, safety routes and reporting paths within the crew.
Can submit completed training records and medical examination conclusions and explain the main risks of this position.
The basic preparation stage can only undertake tasks that are approved and whose conditions are already met; where well control or other required training is still lacking, work must not start before certification.
Enter shadowing for derrick and cable inspection, mud mixing and pump status patrol inspection.
Stage two: derrick operator (shadowing and gradually independent)
Under lead hand supervision, inspect the derrick and cables, mix mud according to the plan, monitor pump and mud system status and complete records.
Inspection and records have no omissions, anomalies can be reported promptly, and the position operation assessment is passed.
The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or possibly containing H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. Additional HSE certificates are checked against the actual unit policy, and a uniform HSE certificate for all onshore personnel was not verified in this round.
Independently take on this position's work and take part in shift handover.
Stage three: independent work and anomaly handling
Independently complete inspection, mud mixing and parameter control, handle common equipment and circulation anomalies and shut down and report according to procedure.
Can submit anomaly handling reviews and inspection records from consecutive shifts.
Special operations certificates are renewed on expiry with a 6-year validity, and the old clause on review every 3 years or practical operation examination after 6 months away is not retained. Article 17 of the Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units separately requires those returning to work after job change or one year or more away to receive workshop and crew training again; well control and hydrogen sulfide prevention retraining is verified separately according to their dedicated requirements.
Mentor new employees or move toward drill rig operation and lead positions.
Stage four: this position's lead or crew lead
Take on inspection and operation demonstration, mentoring new employees, and taking part in hazard inspection and work improvement.
Can drive one reproducible inspection or process improvement and retain records.
Conditions are verified against the actual lead or management position. Article 27 of the Work Safety Law requires the principal responsible person and safety management personnel to have the corresponding knowledge and ability, and for listed high-risk units management personnel must pass the competent department's assessment, which must not charge fees; this cannot be reduced across the board to possible training. Non-safety lead positions are verified separately against unit rules.
Move toward crew lead management or safety management positions.
Direction two: tripping coordination and rig floor operations
Stage one: rig floor operation basics
Learn elevators, tubulars and hand signal standards, and take part in moving and positioning tubulars under supervision.
Can accurately repeat and execute hand signals and instructions, with standing positions meeting safety requirements.
Complete pre-job and specialised training according to the enterprise's arrangements.
Take part in tripping coordination work and take on actions such as steadying the pipe.
Stage two: tripping coordination work
Under the driller's direction, steady the pipe, guide pipe sections in and out of the elevators and complete coordinated actions.
Coordinated actions are accurate with no non-compliant standing positions, and the position assessment is passed.
Take part in well control and hydrogen sulfide prevention training as required by the position.
Take on coordinated work in more complex conditions and mentor new employees.
Stage three: coordination in complex conditions
Complete coordinated work as weather and operating conditions change, and identify hazardous standing positions and equipment interference risks.
Can review and propose improvements to the coordination process.
Verify the validity of the corresponding certificates, renewal on expiry and the retraining cycle for onshore and offshore specialised training, and do not retain the old three-year review.
Develop toward a drill rig operating position and obtain certification separately.
Stage four: coordination work lead
Organise the division of labor, briefing and risk control for coordinated work.
Can organise one complete coordinated operation and produce safety briefing and review records.
Conditions are verified against the actual lead or management position. Article 27 of the Work Safety Law requires the principal responsible person and safety management personnel to have the corresponding knowledge and ability, and for listed high-risk units management personnel must pass the competent department's assessment, which must not charge fees; this cannot be reduced across the board to possible training. Non-safety lead positions are verified separately against unit rules.
Move toward crew lead management or safety supervision.
Direction three: drill rig operation and lead positions
Stage one: work understanding and shadowing
Understand the drilling and tripping workflow, the meaning of parameters and the crew division of labor.
Can explain this crew's work tasks and main risks.
Complete pre-job training and pass occupational contraindication screening.
First verify the actual driller item and implementation period, then apply under Order No. 19 general training and examination or the article 9 lawful exemption-from-training branch; the offshore assessment transition starting in 2028 and the existing safety training are verified separately.
Stage two: special operations training and assessment
Verify the application conditions against the actual item; article 9: for those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education the assessment and issuing authority's consent is required, or a lawful, valid and matching vocational skill level certificate, and they may be exempted from safety technology training and sit the examination; there is no exemption from the examination, pre-job or specialised training. Article 20: after passing the theory part, take the practical operation examination; the practical operation examination may not be taken more than 5 times, and if still failing the theory examination must be retaken; retakes follow the rules, and the 20 working days for certificate issuance is not treated as the whole training duration.
Obtain the special operations certificate, valid within its term.
Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations.
Take on drawworks and drilling control operation under supervision.
Stage three: independent operation and crew management
Develop toward drill rig operation, first meeting the corresponding training and valid qualification, then operating and organising cooperation according to position authorization; safety responsibility is implemented through the all-staff responsibility system, and the occupational title is not used as the sole basis of crew responsibility.
Can submit work organisation and risk control records with no major violations.
Maintain certificate validity for the actual operation item and renew on expiry; specialised retraining and unit training plans are implemented separately.
Take on crew lead, safety briefing and new employee development duties.
Stage four: crew lead or safety management position
Responsible for work organisation, personnel deployment, safety education and hazard inspection, and cooperating with safety supervision and subcontractor management.
Can drive one reproducible hazard rectification or process improvement and retain the evidence.
Article 27 of the Work Safety Law requires the principal responsible person and safety production management personnel to have safety production knowledge and management ability corresponding to the unit's activities; for listed units such as those producing, operating, storing or loading and unloading dangerous goods and mines, the competent department's assessment must also be passed. Article 24 of the Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units lists relevant personnel in coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units who must pass the assessment within 6 months of taking up the post. This is verified against the actual unit category and appointment and does not set the same entry threshold for all oil and gas positions.
Move toward safety management, training or production management.
The BLS oil and gas extraction workers combined group is used to compare U.S. site division of labor, entry routes and environment; this subcategory's projection is in its own subcategory table and does not provide Chinese working permission.
The unit training provisions support the article 13 category class hours, article 17 retraining on job change or after one year away, and costs and treatment; they do not provide employment change data.
The 2026 catalogue supports the onshore and offshore driller items and the 2028 offshore assessment arrangement; specialised well control and sour service training is set out separately in the AQ2085 interpretation.
Order No. 19 supports the special operations conditions, the specific circumstances for taking the examination with exemption from training, the 6-year certificate validity and renewal on expiry; it is not a source of wage percentiles.
Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites. Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other.
The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group describes on-the-job learning, site experience and, for some positions, a CDL or safety certification; actual Chinese positions should be verified for training, health and authorization. This round has no recruitment sample, so conditions such as well-site shift work cannot be claimed to be nationally common or a uniform hiring standard.
Reading boundary: a recruitment sample only shows that enterprise's conditions at the time; technology keywords do not equal adoption rates or ability requirements, an individual recruitment quote (especially project-settled) cannot represent the national wage level, and this occupation's figures cannot be used to estimate other site positions.
Employment and entry signals: what do these data show?
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
Chinese institutional conditions are verified by training, specific operation item, well control and sour service environment; they fall within starting work and safety rather than wage agreements or an individual contract.
Insufficient evidence: this round did not obtain an employer recruitment sample whose dates, regions, positions and pay conditions can be verified item by item; official occupational materials, software keywords and regulations cannot be passed off as a recruitment announcement.
Operates a rig to extract oil and gas or obtain cores; the local oil-and-gas-workers actually corresponds to this subcategory, not the BLS four-occupation combined group. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Directly supervises and coordinates construction or extraction workers; management tasks differ, and Chinese sole crew responsibility cannot be determined from the name. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Repairs, installs and adjusts industrial production and processing machinery, refinery and pipeline systems, and may dismantle, move and relocate heavy equipment according to plan. Derrick workers themselves have pump and tank repair tasks, so the two are not completely mutually exclusive because of the word maintenance. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Erects and repairs rigging for construction, manufacturing, logging, shipbuilding or performance projects; a task comparison does not grant all lifting permission. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Operates a rig to obtain groundwater, salt, mineral exploration or soil and rock cores and to support mining and construction drilling, including horizontal and overburden drilling; not the 47-5012 oil and gas rotary drill category. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Operates and controls refining and processing units, and may specialise in pump and manifold systems, tank gauging and inspection or pipeline flow; not the 47-5013 oil and gas service unit operator. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Drives tractor-trailers or trucks of at least 26001 pounds gross weight, may need to unload and requires a CDL; not the 47-5071 oil and gas roustabout, and Chinese road qualifications are not inferred from it. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority. Driving on U.S. roads requires a CDL, and specific state-level and Chinese driving rules were not verified one by one in this round.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
Diagnoses, adjusts, repairs and overhauls mobile mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment in construction, logging and mining; there is overlap with pump and tank repair, but the equipment systems and work objects differ. Overlap with this position is only a task comparison and is not treated as verified transferable ability.
Editorial gap-filling: supplement equipment, process, operation or supervisory training against the specific target position, then verify the applicable qualification; derrick worker experience or a single certificate does not automatically confer all the target's authority.
Editorial comparison: verify the target's equipment, tasks, training and jurisdictional licensure; this round has no transfer success rate or distance score, so no quantitative near, medium or far judgment is made.
BLS oil and gas combined group and this subcategory's explicit projection table; wage percentiles must be read from the separate national wage page.
The unit training provisions' category class hours and training conditions, not a career certification entry or employment count.
Used to explain this occupation's employment scale and projection data.
Used to explain the occupational definition, tasks, interest code and work context.
The latest BLS 2025—2035 projection table: U.S. this subcategory 47-5011 has 10,700 employed, rising to 10,900 in 2035, growth 2% and a ten-year net increase of 200. The O*NET summary still lists 11,300 in 2024, 2024—2034 growth of 1% to 2% and about 1,000 openings per year on average; these are two different base periods and are not spliced together. The BLS oil and gas combined group discusses how automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring may curb part of demand; it is not a generative AI replacement ratio for this subcategory.
O*NET tasks and work context explain position requirements, while the full-year 2025 U.S. recruitment hot technologies list only Excel, Outlook and Word with no shares published; pump monitoring capability, actual adoption and job effects must be proven separately and cannot be proven by software terms.
Editorial verification recommendation: confirm formal training, the specific operation item certificate, site inspection, work permits and handover information; real safety responsibility is implemented according to applicable regulations and site procedures, and the general NIST governance framework does not issue work permits.
The May 2025 national wages for U.S. 47-5011.00: annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles 43,380／49,880／58,620／71,610／81,800 USD; hourly percentiles 20.86／23.98／28.18／34.43／39.33 USD. OEWS is a statistic of employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages, including listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, excluding overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; it does not cover the self-employed. It cannot be written broadly that all bonuses or all allowances are excluded, nor can net individual income be estimated. This round consulted the National Bureau of Statistics 2025 urban unit wage release, whose tables are aggregated by industry, region, unit type and listed position category, and did not obtain a national median or wage percentiles for derrick operation positions in mainland China; this does not prove the official source has never published, and a mining industry average or U.S. data is not used as a substitute.
O*NET Job Zone1–2 with SVP below 6; respondents' education requirement judgments are 69% below high school, 23% high school and 5% post-secondary certificate, which is not the education share of new hires; the group training description is not a uniform duration for this position. Article 13 of mainland China's Provisions on Safety Training in Production and Business Units: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers, and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 class hours with no fewer than 20 class hours of annual retraining. This should be implemented according to the target unit's category, and the 24 class hours cannot be written as a uniform requirement for all oil and gas sites.
Order No. 19, effective from June 1, 2026, provides that special operations certificates are valid for 6 years, abolishes the old review every 3 years and replaces it with renewal on expiry; the renewal theory training and examination must be completed within 6 months before expiry, and the application made within 60 days before expiry. If the certificate is not renewed on expiry, the corresponding special operation must not continue. The 2026 Special Operations Catalogue lists onshore oil drilling driller, onshore oil downhole operation driller and offshore oil driller separately; the offshore driller item has its assessment implemented from June 1, 2028. Qualifications should be verified against the actual operation project and transition arrangements, and the title derrick worker does not automatically equal driller operations. The Ministry of Emergency Management's 2026 AQ2085 interpretation 5.1.3: derrick workers, drillers and assistant drillers in prescribed positions such as onshore drilling must receive well control technical training and obtain a qualification certificate; for offshore listed personnel, well control training is no fewer than 56 class hours with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in hydrogen sulfide environments must receive protective training and pass the assessment; for offshore listed personnel in sour service, specialised training is no fewer than 16 class hours with retraining every 4 years. These items cannot substitute for each other.
First complete the paper experience in the entry module D-06. Verify the two blanks and four conflicts against the entry module D-06 and write the pending verification list, version comparison, query draft and handover summary; answer only from the prompt, do not invent times, names or inspection conclusions, and do not operate equipment or set mud mixing or well control thresholds. If interested, then confirm health, training, qualification and approved shadowing with the target unit.
The latest BLS 2025—2035 projection table: U.S. this subcategory 47-5011 has 10,700 employed, rising to 10,900 in 2035, growth 2% and a ten-year net increase of 200. The O*NET summary still lists 11,300 in 2024, 2024—2034 growth of 1% to 2% and about 1,000 openings per year on average; these are two different base periods and are not spliced together. The old O*NET 2024—2034 projection basis shows about 1,000 openings per year on average including growth and replacement; this is not a ten-year total or a net addition each year. The BLS U.S. oil and gas extraction workers combined group (47-5011, 47-5012, 47-5013, 47-5071) 2025—2035 overall employment projection is not AI attribution: 9,900 openings per year on average, belonging to the four-subcategory combined group and not to be written as this subcategory. Then verify the applicable training and qualification of the Chinese target position and the specific shift, leave and wage clauses, and do not infer individual opportunity from a single figure.
The content of this page was written and self-reviewed by the production side based on the listed sources; it does not constitute independent acceptance, nor safety, compliance or legal advice.
Sources are cited separately for occupational tasks and work context, wages and employment, technology change, and mainland China entry and training requirements; recruitment and technology keywords serve only as market signals.
The nine modules were verified 2026-10-09; U.S. 2025 wages, the 2025 base period and 2025—2035 projection and the 2025 recruitment proxy are verified separately; the effective dates of Chinese regulations, the catalogue issuance and publication and the 2028 offshore assessment transition are explained separately.
Still lacking: the Chinese derrick worker occupational wage distribution and representative recruitment, U.S. regional and industry wages for this subcategory, causal AI effects for this subcategory and a SOC to ISCO score mapping; the dedicated standards were verified only for the paragraphs cited in the official interpretation. The protection scope is unchanged, and no new whole-page review or independent acceptance conclusion was added.
The BLS oil and gas four-occupation combined group includes derrick operators, rotary drill operators, service unit operators and roustabouts; combined group data cannot substitute for a single adjacent occupation. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025 wages and employment and the 2025—2035 projection
official source
Broader occupation reference
The BLS oil and gas four-occupation combined group includes derrick operators, rotary drill operators, service unit operators and roustabouts; combined group data cannot substitute for a single adjacent occupation. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-03
O*NET47-5013 oil and gas service unit operator, operating equipment to increase well flow or clear obstructions such as tubulars and tools in the well; not the refinery operator 51-8093. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
O*NET47-5013 oil and gas service unit operator, operating equipment to increase well flow or clear obstructions such as tubulars and tools in the well; not the refinery operator 51-8093. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-09-19
Used for duty comparison with the adjacent occupation riggers.
Does not merge lifting direction duties into this occupation.
Verified in this round: erecting and repairing rigging for construction, manufacturing, logging, shipbuilding or performance projects; a task comparison does not grant all lifting permission. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
Erects and repairs rigging for construction, manufacturing, logging, shipbuilding or performance projects; a task comparison does not grant all lifting permission. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-adj-art.
2026-09-19
Supports this occupation's wage percentiles and statistical basis.
Does not provide conclusions about individual income; retains the OEWS coverage and conversion boundaries.
Verified in this round: actually verified the 10/25/50/75/90 annual figures 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33; the percentiles are not experience pay grades, and regional data were not obtained in this round.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics / O*NET OnLine
United States
May 2025 wage data; retrieved 2026-09-19
official statistics
Occupation-specific
Actually verified the 10/25/50/75/90 annual figures 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33; the percentiles are not experience pay grades, and regional data were not obtained in this round. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-wages-current.
2026-10-03
Supports the pre-job training and special operations certification requirements in mainland China.
Does not write starting-work qualification as a U.S. licence or wage percentile.
Verified in this round: article 22 of the Work Safety Law requires clearly identifying the responsible personnel, scope and assessment by position; article 28 requires employees to pass training before starting work, with separate training obligations for dispatched workers and student interns; article 29 requires dedicated training for new processes, technologies, materials and equipment; article 30 requires verifying qualifications for the actual special operation item. Chinese sole crew safety responsibility cannot be inferred from the driller title. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China (full legal text publication page)
Mainland China
Effective from September 1, 2021 (2021 amendment); retrieved 2026-09-19
official guidance
Occupation-specific
Article 22 of the Work Safety Law requires clearly identifying the responsible personnel, scope and assessment by position; article 28 requires employees to pass training before starting work, with separate training obligations for dispatched workers and student interns; article 29 requires dedicated training for new processes, technologies, materials and equipment; article 30 requires verifying qualifications for the actual special operation item. Chinese sole crew safety responsibility cannot be inferred from the driller title. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-cn-law.
Used for position comparison related to drilling equipment maintenance.
Does not merge mechanical and electrical maintenance duties into this occupation.
Verified in this round: diagnosing, adjusting, repairing and overhauling mobile mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment in construction, logging and mining; there is overlap with pump and tank repair, but the equipment systems and work objects differ. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
Diagnoses, adjusts, repairs and overhauls mobile mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment in construction, logging and mining; there is overlap with pump and tank repair, but the equipment systems and work objects differ. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-adj-dancing.
2026-09-19
O*NET47-5012 oil and gas rotary drill operator, setting up or operating a rig to obtain oil and gas or cores; not the non-oil and gas drilling 47-5023. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
O*NET47-5012 oil and gas rotary drill operator, setting up or operating a rig to obtain oil and gas or cores; not the non-oil and gas drilling 47-5023. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-09-19
O*NET47-5071 oil and gas roustabout, assembling and repairing oilfield equipment with hand or power tools; not the heavy truck driver 53-3032. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
O*NET47-5071 oil and gas roustabout, assembling and repairing oilfield equipment with hand or power tools; not the heavy truck driver 53-3032. This is a task comparison only and does not prove transfer success, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-09-19
Official attachment 5.1.2–5.1.3, actual PDF pages 4–7.
Onshore GB42294 and offshore GB40554.1, listing the personnel scope for well control and sour service training and the offshore class hours and retraining separately.
Verified in this round: the AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or likely to contain H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. Actually read pages 5—7 of the 50-page PDF with page 5 visually inspected; 5.1.2 judges by the absence of valid certificates actually required, and not every missing document is a major hazard.
Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
Published 2026-05-08; the standard takes effect 2026-06-01
official guidance
Occupation-specific
The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or likely to contain H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. Actually read pages 5—7 of the 50-page PDF with page 5 visually inspected; 5.1.2 judges by the absence of valid certificates actually required, and not every missing document is a major hazard. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-cn-aq.
Retains the old projection and makes explicit the annual average unit.
Average annual openings must not be written as a ten-year net increase or an individual hiring probability.
Verified in this round: U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2024 base period and 2024—2034 projection period; retrieved 2026-09-19
official statistics
Occupation-specific
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-bls-current.
Used for duty comparison with the adjacent occupation industrial machinery mechanics.
Does not merge major equipment overhaul and electrical work into this occupation.
Verified in this round: repairing, installing and adjusting industrial production and processing machinery, refinery and pipeline systems, and possibly dismantling, moving and relocating heavy equipment according to plan. Derrick workers themselves have pump and tank repair tasks, so the two are not completely mutually exclusive because of the word maintenance. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
Repairs, installs and adjusts industrial production and processing machinery, refinery and pipeline systems, and may dismantle, move and relocate heavy equipment according to plan. Derrick workers themselves have pump and tank repair tasks, so the two are not completely mutually exclusive because of the word maintenance. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-adj-enrichment.
2026-09-19
The interest questionnaire is used only for self-observation.
Must not be used as a basis for hiring, assignment or promotion.
U.S. Department of Labor
United States / general
Current tool; retrieved 2026-09-19
official tool
contextual
An occupational interest exploration tool; this page does not use it in place of training, certification, medical examination or site assessment, and does not provide a hiring validity conclusion for this subcategory.
2026-09-19
Articles 4, 6 and 9 on the basic conditions for training and examination and the exemption-from-training situations.
Articles 23 and 26—29 on certificate validity and renewal on expiry.
Verified in this round: Order No. 19 takes effect on 2026-06-01 and repeals the old provisions: for oil and gas special operations personnel, being 18 years old up to the statutory retirement age, health and skill conditions, and junior high school education or above are verified separately. Article 9: those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education may, with the issuing authority's consent, be exempted from training and sit the examination, or with a valid matching occupational qualification or skill level certificate may be exempted from training; there is no exemption from the examination, unit pre-job training or well control training. The certificate is valid for 6 years, with the renewal theory training and examination completed within 6 months before expiry and the application made within 60 days before expiry; after expiry the corresponding operation must not be performed, and extension follows separate statutory conditions during which no operation may be performed.
Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China (full text of the regulation published on the government website)
Mainland China
Order No. 19 takes effect 2026-06-01
official guidance
Occupation-specific
Order No. 19 takes effect on 2026-06-01 and repeals the old provisions: for oil and gas special operations personnel, being 18 years old up to the statutory retirement age, health and skill conditions, and junior high school education or above are verified separately. Article 9: those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education may, with the issuing authority's consent, be exempted from training and sit the examination, or with a valid matching occupational qualification or skill level certificate may be exempted from training; there is no exemption from the examination, unit pre-job training or well control training. The certificate is valid for 6 years, with the renewal theory training and examination completed within 6 months before expiry and the application made within 60 days before expiry; after expiry the corresponding operation must not be performed, and extension follows separate statutory conditions during which no operation may be performed. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-cn-cert.
A voluntary AI risk governance reference that does not replace oil and gas operating safety regulations, well control procedures, special operations qualifications or site operating authorization; it is not a measured tool adoption or efficiency gain.
National Institute of Standards and Technology
United States
AI RMF 1.0; retrieved 2026-09-19
institutional framework
contextual
A voluntary AI risk governance reference that does not replace oil and gas operating safety regulations, well control procedures, special operations qualifications or site operating authorization; it is not a measured tool adoption or efficiency gain.
2026-09-19
D2 employed persons coverage; D3 normal-hours pre-tax wages and the items included and excluded.
OEWS does not provide occupational employment projections; the projection is a separate EP basis.
Verified in this round: OEWS employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages include listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, and exclude overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; the self-employed are not included, and this cannot be generalised as all bonuses and allowances being excluded, nor does it equal annual take-home income.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Current FAQ D2–D3 and C5–C8
official statistics
contextual
OEWS employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages include listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, and exclude overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; the self-employed are not included, and this cannot be generalised as all bonuses and allowances being excluded, nor does it equal annual take-home income. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-oews-concepts.
2026-10-03
Supports this page's occupational definition, tasks, interest code, skills and work context.
Does not treat category data as individual ability conclusions.
Verified in this round: actually verified 15 tasks (14 Core and 1 Supplemental, the latter being crown block installation), 57 context items, 52 abilities, interests R100/C44/I26/E11/A0/S0 and 17 work styles. Memory 35, multilimb coordination 75 and control precision 72 are occupational importance; the styles carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66 are Impact rather than Big Five. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; 2025 wage data and 2024 employment; retrieved 2026-09-19
official occupation data
Occupation-specific
Actually verified 15 tasks (14 Core and 1 Supplemental, the latter being crown block installation), 57 context items, 52 abilities, interests R100/C44/I26/E11/A0/S0 and 17 work styles. Memory 35, multilimb coordination 75 and control precision 72 are occupational importance; the styles carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66 are Impact rather than Big Five. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-onet-current.
The current page lists the three terms Excel, Outlook and Word.
All three percentages are Not available, and a share must not be filled in independently.
Verified in this round: the single 2025 U.S. Lightcast recruitment post lists only Excel, Outlook and Word as hot technologies, with all three shares Not available; it is a recruitment term and does not prove software usage rates, pump monitoring adoption, AI effects or the share of occupational skills.
O*NET OnLine
United States
U.S. Lightcast recruitment data from 2025-01-01 to 12-31
official occupation data
Occupation-specific
The single 2025 U.S. Lightcast recruitment post lists only Excel, Outlook and Word as hot technologies, with all three shares Not available; it is a recruitment term and does not prove software usage rates, pump monitoring adoption, AI effects or the share of occupational skills. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-hottech-current.
2026-10-03
2025 wage release Tables 2 and 5: mining non-private 143361 yuan per year and private 79169 yuan per year read separately.
Note 1 indicators are pre-tax averages, note 2 covers the urban legal-entity unit survey scope; the precise distribution for this occupation was not obtained.
Verified in this round: NBS2025 urban mining non-private 143,361 and private 79,169 pre-tax average annual, listed respectively as industry background only; the survey covers urban legal-entity units with 5 or more persons, excluding individuals and freelance workers, and non-private is not only state-owned. A multi-occupation industry average does not substitute for a derrick worker's median, starting pay, percentiles, monthly wage or an individual's take-home income.
National Bureau of Statistics
Mainland China
2025 data; released 2026-05-15
official statistics
Industry reference
NBS2025 urban mining non-private 143,361 and private 79,169 pre-tax average annual, listed respectively as industry background only; the survey covers urban legal-entity units with 5 or more persons, excluding individuals and freelance workers, and non-private is not only state-owned. A multi-occupation industry average does not substitute for a derrick worker's median, starting pay, percentiles, monthly wage or an individual's take-home income. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-nbs-mining.
2026-10-03
Used to explain the wage statistics basis and the boundaries of what cannot be inferred.
Does not provide conclusions about individual income.
Verified in this round: OEWS employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages include listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, and exclude overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; the self-employed are not included, and this cannot be generalised as all bonuses and allowances being excluded, nor does it equal annual take-home income.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Current methodology description; retrieved 2026-09-19
official methodology
contextual
OEWS employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages include listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, and exclude overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; the self-employed are not included, and this cannot be generalised as all bonuses and allowances being excluded, nor does it equal annual take-home income. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-oews-concepts.
2026-10-03
Cross-checks medians and percentiles against the OEWS entry.
Does not derive an individual's take-home income from percentiles.
Verified in this round: actually verified the 10/25/50/75/90 annual figures 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33; the percentiles are not experience pay grades, and regional data were not obtained in this round.
O*NET OnLine / U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
May 2025 wage data; retrieved 2026-09-19
official statistics
Occupation-specific
Actually verified the 10/25/50/75/90 annual figures 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33; the percentiles are not experience pay grades, and regional data were not obtained in this round. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-wages-current.
2026-10-03
Supports the training and certification information entry for this occupation.
The entry does not predict the number of positions or wage levels.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official guidance
Occupation-specific
The original occupational certification entry was not verified item by item for training providers or state licences in this round; the current U.S. training background uses BLS, and no claim is made that all states were queried.
2026-09-19
Used to explain the methods and limitations of task-level exposure measurement.
Task exposure does not equal automation adoption or job replacement outcomes.
Verified in this round: this batch actually read the ILO2025 abstract, and this occupation did not verify a reliable mapping and score between SOC47-5011 and ISCO, so it is not said that the complete study has no score; exposure is not adoption or replacement.
International Labour Organization
Global
Study publication timing; retrieved 2026-09-19
institutional research
contextual
This batch actually read the ILO2025 abstract, and this occupation did not verify a reliable mapping and score between SOC47-5011 and ISCO, so it is not said that the complete study has no score; exposure is not adoption or replacement. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-ilo-current.
2026-09-19
Used to verify the skills and detailed work activities on the detailed information page.
Does not use this to give automation or replacement conclusions.
Verified in this round: actually verified 15 tasks (14 Core and 1 Supplemental, the latter being crown block installation), 57 context items, 52 abilities, interests R100/C44/I26/E11/A0/S0 and 17 work styles. Memory 35, multilimb coordination 75 and control precision 72 are occupational importance; the styles carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66 are Impact rather than Big Five. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official occupation data
Occupation-specific
Actually verified 15 tasks (14 Core and 1 Supplemental, the latter being crown block installation), 57 context items, 52 abilities, interests R100/C44/I26/E11/A0/S0 and 17 work styles. Memory 35, multilimb coordination 75 and control precision 72 are occupational importance; the styles carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66 are Impact rather than Big Five. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-onet-current.
Used to compare organisation, personnel and safety tasks with the U.S. first-line supervisors of construction trades and extraction workers 47-1011.00.
Verified in this round: directly supervising and coordinating construction or extraction workers; management tasks differ, and Chinese sole crew responsibility cannot be determined from the name. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Page updated 2026; retrieved 2026-09-19
official source
Occupation-specific
Directly supervising and coordinating construction or extraction workers; management tasks differ, and Chinese sole crew responsibility cannot be determined from the name. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-adj-teacher.
2026-09-19
Verify item by item against the clauses and tables listed in the literature, without expanding the scope of application.
Specific positions and actual authorization are verified separately, and individual qualification, hiring or wages are not promised.
Verified in this round: U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. In the combined group, automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring may curb demand; this is not a generative AI effect for this subcategory. The combined group's occupation-by-industry medians are oil and gas extraction 61340 and support activities for mining 50360, which are not this subcategory's industry wages or an all-industry average.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025 wages and employment and the 2025—2035 projection
official statistics
Broader occupation reference
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. In the combined group, automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring may curb demand; this is not a generative AI effect for this subcategory. The combined group's occupation-by-industry medians are oil and gas extraction 61340 and support activities for mining 50360, which are not this subcategory's industry wages or an all-industry average. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-bls-ooh.
Verify item by item against the clauses and tables listed in the literature, without expanding the scope of application.
Specific positions and actual authorization are verified separately, and individual qualification, hiring or wages are not promised.
Verified in this round: article 13 of China's unit safety training provisions: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 with annual retraining no fewer than 20, verified by unit category and not uniform for all oil and gas positions. Article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining on job change or return after more than 1 year away, with additional targeted training for new equipment. Article 21 requires the unit to guarantee funding, article 22 accurate records, and article 23 payment of wages and necessary expenses during training; entrusting training does not transfer responsibility.
Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
Current 2015 amendment, see articles 11—23
official guidance
Occupation-specific
Article 13 of China's unit safety training provisions: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 with annual retraining no fewer than 20, verified by unit category and not uniform for all oil and gas positions. Article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining on job change or return after more than 1 year away, with additional targeted training for new equipment. Article 21 requires the unit to guarantee funding, article 22 accurate records, and article 23 payment of wages and necessary expenses during training; entrusting training does not transfer responsibility. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-cn-training.
2026-10-03
Verify item by item against the clauses and tables listed in the literature, without expanding the scope of application.
Specific positions and actual authorization are verified separately, and individual qualification, hiring or wages are not promised.
Verified in this round: 2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements. Actually read pages 9, 25 and 26 of the 26-page PDF with page 9 visually inspected; issuance on 2026-05-22, publication on 05-26 and implementation on 06-01 are verified separately.
Ministry of Emergency Management of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
Effective 2026-06-01; transitional arrangements in the attachment
official guidance
Occupation-specific
2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements. Actually read pages 9, 25 and 26 of the 26-page PDF with page 9 visually inspected; issuance on 2026-05-22, publication on 05-26 and implementation on 06-01 are verified separately. The original name URL is retained, and the current actual scope basis is listed separately as r5-cn-directory.
2026-10-03
PDF text page 7 mining section B and oil and gas extraction 07, page 9 specialised and auxiliary activities 1120.
Used to explain the task and industry matching between oil and gas derrick and mud circulation work and mining industry references.
National Bureau of Statistics
Mainland China
GB/T4754—2017; this time only the B/07/1120 scope is verified
official classification
contextual
The historical industrial classification PDF was not re-read in full in this round; the current wage background follows NBS releases, and old code citations do not serve as new reading conclusions for this round.
2026-10-03
Actually verified 15 tasks (14 Core and 1 Supplemental, the latter being crown block installation), 57 context items, 52 abilities, interests R100/C44/I26/E11/A0/S0 and 17 work styles. Memory 35, multilimb coordination 75 and control precision 72 are occupational importance; the styles carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66 are Impact rather than Big Five. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Actually verified 15 tasks (14 Core and 1 Supplemental, the latter being crown block installation), 57 context items, 52 abilities, interests R100/C44/I26/E11/A0/S0 and 17 work styles. Memory 35, multilimb coordination 75 and control precision 72 are occupational importance; the styles carefulness 83, dependability 82, attention to detail 69 and stress tolerance 66 are Impact rather than Big Five. O*NET contexts for this subcategory: outdoors under cover 58% daily, which is not the share for outdoor work in all weather; extreme heat or cold 65% daily, heights 27% daily and hazardous conditions 35% daily; contaminants 35% daily and 63% once a week or more but not daily. Dedicated PPE23% daily, equipment speed determining pace extremely important 61%, and working weeks over 40 hours 65%. All are survey responses, not injury incidence, personal risk or Chinese proportions. On O*NET this subcategory's 2025 mining, quarrying and oil and gas extraction employment is 96%; the remaining 4% is an editorial difference with no specific breakdown obtained. The BLS four-occupation combined group in 2025 supports mining activities 72% and oil and gas extraction 16%, which is not this subcategory; this subcategory's 0.5% self-employed is an employment status and does not equal the industry difference or wage coverage.
The single 2025 U.S. Lightcast recruitment post lists only Excel, Outlook and Word as hot technologies, with all three shares Not available; it is a recruitment term and does not prove software usage rates, pump monitoring adoption, AI effects or the share of occupational skills.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
The single 2025 U.S. Lightcast recruitment post lists only Excel, Outlook and Word as hot technologies, with all three shares Not available; it is a recruitment term and does not prove software usage rates, pump monitoring adoption, AI effects or the share of occupational skills.
2026-10-09
Actually verified the 10/25/50/75/90 annual figures 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33; the percentiles are not experience pay grades, and regional data were not obtained in this round.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Actually verified the 10/25/50/75/90 annual figures 43380/49880/58620/71610/81800, hourly 20.86/23.98/28.18/34.43/39.33; the percentiles are not experience pay grades, and regional data were not obtained in this round.
2026-10-09
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect.
2026-10-09
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred.
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. In the combined group, automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring may curb demand; this is not a generative AI effect for this subcategory. The combined group's occupation-by-industry medians are oil and gas extraction 61340 and support activities for mining 50360, which are not this subcategory's industry wages or an all-industry average.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Broader occupation reference
U.S. 47-5011 this subcategory: 2025 10,700 → 2035 10,900, an official net increase of 200; BLS Table 1.2 shows 1.6% growth, the O*NET trend page rounds to 2%, with 900 openings per year on average including growth and replacement, and 0.5% self-employed. The BLS OOH four subcategories 47-5011/47-5012/47-5013/47-5071 combined 112,700 → 115,100, growth 2%, a net increase of 2,400 and 9,900 openings per year on average; the combined figure is neither the 47-5010 three-occupation subtotal nor this subcategory. The projection is not an individual hiring rate or a net AI effect. The U.S. BLS oil and gas combined group usually has no formal education requirement, some employers prefer high school and many positions need experience; roustabouts can usually start without experience, but this is not a uniform starting point for all positions. BLS Table 1.2 classifies this subcategory as no formal education credential, related experience less than 5 years and short-term on-the-job training, which is a typical classification and not a fixed entry duration. Some derrick workers and drillers need a CDL to move equipment and state laws differ; employers may require safety certification meeting OSHA guidelines before or after starting, and no uniform nationwide certificate or Chinese reciprocity is inferred. In the combined group, automatic drilling, robotics and remote monitoring may curb demand; this is not a generative AI effect for this subcategory. The combined group's occupation-by-industry medians are oil and gas extraction 61340 and support activities for mining 50360, which are not this subcategory's industry wages or an all-industry average.
Article 22 of the Work Safety Law requires clearly identifying the responsible personnel, scope and assessment by position; article 28 requires employees to pass training before starting work, with separate training obligations for dispatched workers and student interns; article 29 requires dedicated training for new processes, technologies, materials and equipment; article 30 requires verifying qualifications for the actual special operation item. Chinese sole crew safety responsibility cannot be inferred from the driller title. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
Chinese government departments
Mainland China
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Broader occupation reference
Article 22 of the Work Safety Law requires clearly identifying the responsible personnel, scope and assessment by position; article 28 requires employees to pass training before starting work, with separate training obligations for dispatched workers and student interns; article 29 requires dedicated training for new processes, technologies, materials and equipment; article 30 requires verifying qualifications for the actual special operation item. Chinese sole crew safety responsibility cannot be inferred from the driller title. Article 54 of the Work Safety Law allows refusing illegal direction and forced risky operations; article 55 gives the right, on finding an emergency directly endangering personal safety, to stop work or withdraw after taking possible emergency measures, without the precondition of prior approval by a certified responsible person. General operations, repair and resumption of work still verify actual position authority and site procedures; this page does not provide equipment shutdown operations or well control parameters.
2026-10-09
Article 13 of China's unit safety training provisions: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 with annual retraining no fewer than 20, verified by unit category and not uniform for all oil and gas positions. Article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining on job change or return after 1 year or more away, with additional targeted training for new equipment. Article 21 requires the unit to guarantee funding, article 22 accurate records, and article 23 payment of wages and necessary expenses during training; entrusting training does not transfer responsibility.
Chinese government departments
Mainland China
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Broader occupation reference
Article 13 of China's unit safety training provisions: general new-hire training is no fewer than 24 class hours; for coal mines, non-coal mines, hazardous chemicals, fireworks and firecrackers and metal smelting units, new-hire training is no fewer than 72 with annual retraining no fewer than 20, verified by unit category and not uniform for all oil and gas positions. Article 17 requires workshop and crew retraining on job change or return after 1 year or more away, with additional targeted training for new equipment. Article 21 requires the unit to guarantee funding, article 22 accurate records, and article 23 payment of wages and necessary expenses during training; entrusting training does not transfer responsibility.
2026-10-09
Order No. 19 takes effect on 2026-06-01 and repeals the old provisions: for oil and gas special operations personnel, being 18 years old up to the statutory retirement age, health and skill conditions, and junior high school education or above are verified separately. Article 9: those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education may, with the issuing authority's consent, be exempted from training and sit the examination, or with a lawful, valid and matching vocational skill level certificate may be exempted from training; there is no exemption from the examination, unit pre-job training or well control training. The certificate is valid for 6 years, with the renewal theory training and examination completed within 6 months before expiry and the application made within 60 days before expiry; after expiry the corresponding operation must not be performed, and extension follows separate statutory conditions during which no operation may be performed.
Chinese government departments
Mainland China
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Broader occupation reference
Order No. 19 takes effect on 2026-06-01 and repeals the old provisions: for oil and gas special operations personnel, being 18 years old up to the statutory retirement age, health and skill conditions, and junior high school education or above are verified separately. Article 9: those with a matching vocational secondary or higher education may, with the issuing authority's consent, be exempted from training and sit the examination, or with a lawful, valid and matching vocational skill level certificate may be exempted from training; there is no exemption from the examination, unit pre-job training or well control training. The certificate is valid for 6 years, with the renewal theory training and examination completed within 6 months before expiry and the application made within 60 days before expiry; after expiry the corresponding operation must not be performed, and extension follows separate statutory conditions during which no operation may be performed.
2026-10-09
NBS2025 urban mining non-private 143,361 and private 79,169 pre-tax average annual, listed respectively as industry background only; the survey covers urban legal-entity units with 5 or more persons, excluding individuals and freelance workers, and non-private is not only state-owned. A multi-occupation industry average does not substitute for a derrick worker's median, starting pay, percentiles, monthly wage or an individual's take-home income.
National Bureau of Statistics
Mainland China
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Broader occupation reference
NBS2025 urban mining non-private 143,361 and private 79,169 pre-tax average annual, listed respectively as industry background only; the survey covers urban legal-entity units with 5 or more persons, excluding individuals and freelance workers, and non-private is not only state-owned. A multi-occupation industry average does not substitute for a derrick worker's median, starting pay, percentiles, monthly wage or an individual's take-home income.
2026-10-09
OEWS employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages include listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, and exclude overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; the self-employed are not included, and this cannot be generalised as all bonuses and allowances being excluded, nor does it equal annual take-home income.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Broader occupation reference
OEWS employed persons' normal-hours pre-tax wages include listed items such as production bonuses and hazard allowances, and exclude overtime premium, shift differentials and non-production bonuses; the self-employed are not included, and this cannot be generalised as all bonuses and allowances being excluded, nor does it equal annual take-home income.
2026-10-09
2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements. Actually read pages 9, 25 and 26 of the 26-page PDF with page 9 visually inspected; issuance on 2026-05-22, publication on 05-26 and implementation on 06-01 are verified separately.
Ministry of Emergency Management, Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, National Mine Safety Administration
Mainland China
2026 catalogue
official source
Broader occupation reference
2026 catalogue 7.1 onshore drilling driller operates the rig to run and pull tubulars; 7.2 onshore downhole operation driller operates the workover rig and so on to run and pull tubulars; 7.3 offshore driller operates the drilling and workover rig to run and pull tubulars. The title derrick worker does not automatically equal the driller item. Valid existing driller certificates are converted to the corresponding onshore item with the validity period unchanged; listed items such as offshore driller have their assessment implemented from 2028-06-01, and the transition date cannot exempt existing positions from current safety requirements. Actually read pages 9, 25 and 26 of the 26-page PDF with page 9 visually inspected; issuance on 2026-05-22, publication on 05-26 and implementation on 06-01 are verified separately.
2026-10-09
The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or likely to contain H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. Actually read pages 5—7 of the 50-page PDF with page 5 visually inspected; 5.1.2 judges by the absence of valid certificates actually required, and not every missing document is a major hazard.
Ministry of Emergency Management
Mainland China
2026 official interpretation
official source
Broader occupation reference
The AQ2085 official interpretation 5.1.3 cites dedicated standards: for onshore drilling, mud logging, well logging and downhole operations, listed supervisory and technical personnel and drillers, assistant drillers and derrick workers must hold a well control training certificate. For offshore drilling, completion, workover, testing and abandonment, listed personnel must have at least 56 class hours of well control training with retraining every 4 years. Onshore personnel in environments containing or likely to contain H2S must pass protective training and assessment; for offshore listed operating personnel where H2S occurs or may occur, at least 16 class hours with a qualification certificate and retraining every 4 years. The full texts of the two cited standards were not read, and this is not extended to all positions or to the same class hours. Actually read pages 5—7 of the 50-page PDF with page 5 visually inspected; 5.1.2 judges by the absence of valid certificates actually required, and not every missing document is a major hazard.
2026-10-09
A voluntary AI risk governance reference that does not replace oil and gas operating safety regulations, well control procedures, special operations qualifications or site operating authorization; it is not a measured tool adoption or efficiency gain.
NIST
Cross-market
Voluntary framework 1.0; actually read for this batch; retrieved 2026-10-09
official framework
contextual
A voluntary AI risk governance reference that does not replace oil and gas operating safety regulations, well control procedures, special operations qualifications or site operating authorization; it is not a measured tool adoption or efficiency gain.
2026-10-09
This batch actually read the ILO2025 abstract, and this occupation did not verify a reliable mapping and score between SOC47-5011 and ISCO, so it is not said that the complete study has no score; exposure is not adoption or replacement.
ILO
Cross-market
2025 study abstract; actually read for this batch; retrieved 2026-10-09
official research summary
contextual
This batch actually read the ILO2025 abstract, and this occupation did not verify a reliable mapping and score between SOC47-5011 and ISCO, so it is not said that the complete study has no score; exposure is not adoption or replacement.
2026-10-09
Operates a rig to extract oil and gas or obtain cores; the local oil-and-gas-workers actually corresponds to this subcategory, not the BLS four-occupation combined group. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Operates a rig to extract oil and gas or obtain cores; the local oil-and-gas-workers actually corresponds to this subcategory, not the BLS four-occupation combined group. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Directly supervising and coordinating construction or extraction workers; management tasks differ, and Chinese sole crew responsibility cannot be determined from the name. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Directly supervising and coordinating construction or extraction workers; management tasks differ, and Chinese sole crew responsibility cannot be determined from the name. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Repairs, installs and adjusts industrial production and processing machinery, refinery and pipeline systems, and may dismantle, move and relocate heavy equipment according to plan. Derrick workers themselves have pump and tank repair tasks, so the two are not completely mutually exclusive because of the word maintenance. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Repairs, installs and adjusts industrial production and processing machinery, refinery and pipeline systems, and may dismantle, move and relocate heavy equipment according to plan. Derrick workers themselves have pump and tank repair tasks, so the two are not completely mutually exclusive because of the word maintenance. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Erects and repairs rigging for construction, manufacturing, logging, shipbuilding or performance projects; a task comparison does not grant all lifting permission. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Erects and repairs rigging for construction, manufacturing, logging, shipbuilding or performance projects; a task comparison does not grant all lifting permission. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Operates a rig to obtain groundwater, salt, mineral exploration or soil and rock cores and to support mining and construction drilling, including horizontal and overburden drilling; not the 47-5012 oil and gas rotary drill category. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Operates a rig to obtain groundwater, salt, mineral exploration or soil and rock cores and to support mining and construction drilling, including horizontal and overburden drilling; not the 47-5012 oil and gas rotary drill category. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Operates and controls refining and processing units, and may specialise in pump and manifold systems, tank gauging and inspection or pipeline flow; not the 47-5013 oil and gas service unit operator. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Operates and controls refining and processing units, and may specialise in pump and manifold systems, tank gauging and inspection or pipeline flow; not the 47-5013 oil and gas service unit operator. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Drives tractor-trailers or trucks of at least 26001 pounds gross weight, may need to unload and requires a CDL; not the 47-5071 oil and gas roustabout, and Chinese road qualifications are not inferred from it. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Drives tractor-trailers or trucks of at least 26001 pounds gross weight, may need to unload and requires a CDL; not the 47-5071 oil and gas roustabout, and Chinese road qualifications are not inferred from it. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
Diagnoses, adjusts, repairs and overhauls mobile mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment in construction, logging and mining; there is overlap with pump and tank repair, but the equipment systems and work objects differ. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Actually verified 2026-10-09
official source
Occupation-specific
Diagnoses, adjusts, repairs and overhauls mobile mechanical, hydraulic and pneumatic equipment in construction, logging and mining; there is overlap with pump and tank repair, but the equipment systems and work objects differ. This is a task comparison only, not transfer success rates, a fixed training duration or Chinese credential reciprocity.
2026-10-09
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