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Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers (O*NET 51-8093.00) monitor the instruments, pumps, valves, tanks, and pipelines of refinery or petroleum processing units, coordinate flows under the approved process plan, verify metering and product status, record readings, and report anomalies. Real control and troubleshooting must follow site procedures, training, and authorization; this page does not provide equipment operating parameters.
This occupation monitors the instruments and flows of refinery units, pumping systems, and tank and pipeline lines, verifies product metering and quality records, and works with the crew under the process plan; when readings are anomalous, there are leaks, or equipment status is unclear, follow the site stop and reporting rules first.
Do a completely fictional paper handover exercise: A1—A5 gives a pump station flow sheet, level records, instrument calibration status, shift handover plan, and anomalies. Mark only the conflicts, gaps, and escalation targets; do not touch a real control system or hazardous equipment.
Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers monitor unit readings, pumps and valves, tanks, and pipeline flows, verify incoming and outgoing materials and instrument status, patrol, record, and hand over shifts.
O*NET 51-8093.00 is the precise profile for this occupation; the BLS 51-8093 2025 wages and 2025—2035 employment are the independent occupation line.
Chinese wages are conditionally referenced by the real employer main business and urban legal-person scope, and the Chinese name of a United States occupation does not set the industry uniformly.
China broad industry reference (2025 pre-tax annual average)
BLS51-8093 independent projections｜https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/occupational-projections-and-characteristics.htm; O*NET national wage line｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/localwages/51-8093.00?st=TX; O*NET tasks for this occupation｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/details/51-8093.00
57,110 dollars/year (10th percentile)
| Entry-level roles | What you mainly do early on | What employers usually look at | How to prove yourself without experience | How it differs from other directions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Operations learner | Learn instruments, materials, processes, and safety rules. | Can distinguish readings, inferences, and approved actions. | Fictional A1—A5 handover card. | Learning does not grant equipment operating rights. |
| Supervised patrol | Inspect pumps, valves, tanks, and pipelines under supervision. | Can identify equipment status and anomalies. | Fictional patrol and handover. | The specific scope is set by the employer. |
| Petroleum pump system operators, refinery operators, and gaugers |
Monitor the instruments, pumps and valves, tanks, and pipelines of refinery and pump systems, verify product flow and metering, patrol, record, and hand over per procedure.
Both monitor processes, but the petroleum products, units, metering, and risks differ; equipment and work authorization are not automatically mutually recognized.
Use the fictional A1—A5 to verify levels, flow timestamps, product routes, and equipment maintenance gaps, and see whether you can stop and hand over per the rules.
Insufficient evidence: this occupation's actual generative AI adoption, overall substitution rate, and disappearance year are not verified; flow logs and handover drafts are only approved editorial trials, and original meters, flow, maintenance, samples, and field control are verified by trained crews.
Suits people willing to monitor instruments continuously, examine metering and handover records closely, and follow protection and shift rules. If you tend to skip reading verification or change equipment on intuition, practice anomaly stop judgments first.
The United States 51-8093 independent 2025 annual median is 96,710 dollars; 2025—2035 shows a net decline of 0.6 thousand, a 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand annual openings including replacements. In China, real manufacturing or independent transportation and warehousing main business legal persons may conditionally reference the broad-industry pre-tax annual average, while this occupation's precise wages are still missing.
Next, verify whether the target role leans toward refinery units, pump stations, tank gauging, or pipeline flow, and learn the shifts, site training, protection, and work authorization; a fictional exercise does not replace real on-the-job mentoring.
Equipment and site｜O*NET states that this occupation monitors refining, pumping, and storage and transport units. Protection｜O*NET work context shows safety protective equipment in common use. Outdoors｜Some roles frequently patrol in the open air. Monitoring｜Continuously reads instruments, flow, and levels. Collaboration｜Crews coordinate by phone or radio. Risk｜Hazardous conditions, temperature and pressure anomalies, and leaks must be handled per procedure. Shifts｜Shift and standby arrangements are decided by the employer. Records｜Operating readings and handover must be traceable. Authorization｜Specific equipment actions are limited by site training and procedures.
O*NET lists monitoring instruments, operating control panels, coordinating pumps and valves, verifying flow meters and tank levels, patrolling, sampling, and recording. The specific steps are determined by site operating procedures.
In the United States, the independent occupation 51-8093 runs from 32.9 thousand jobs in 2025 to 32.3 thousand in 2035, a net decline of 0.6 thousand, a 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand annual openings including replacements, with each column rounding independently. The self-employed column shows a dash as unavailable rather than zero; the wage and employment populations differ, and none of this is an AI effect, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand.
Verify the process plan and handover → read instruments and patrol → compare metering and flow → verify equipment and quality status → find anomalies and report per procedure → record status and hand over.
2025 manufacturing non-private 113,594 / private 76,055 yuan pre-tax annual average; a conditional reference for real 2511 main business urban legal persons of 5 or more. Independent 5710/5720 pipeline transport and 5941 oil and gas storage separately reference transportation, warehousing, and postal services at 133,981 / 73,133. These cover many occupations and are not this occupation, and refinery in-house tanks do not change the employer's main business. Insufficient evidence: this occupation's percentiles, cities, and a complete current quote covering unit, shift, and pay are still missing.
When flow, level, temperature, pressure, equipment, or instrument readings conflict, do not draw an operating conclusion from a single screen; verify the original records and hand to the supervisor per site procedure.
Chemical plant operators focus on other chemical processes and gas plant operators focus on gas processing; this occupation covers petroleum processing, pumping, tanks, and metering, and operating authority is not mutually recognized.
Confirm the shift and process requirements → monitor units and instruments → verify metering and quality → handle and escalate anomalies → retain readings → hand over to the next shift.
The key risks are inaccurate instruments, wrong product flow, abnormal level or pressure, leaks and fire, product cross-contamination, missed patrols, and incomplete handover records.
The handover checklist includes units and products, instrument status, level, flow, temperature, and pressure, the process plan, what was done and was not, anomalies, maintenance, and the recipient.
This occupation and chemical plant and gas plant operating occupations all use control systems, but the materials, processes, risks, and authorization differ.
Chemical plants: chemical materials and reaction processes.
Petroleum processing: crude oil, refined products, tanks, and pipelines.
Gas roles: verify gas processing and transport conditions.
Petroleum roles: monitor pumps and valves, flow, levels, and product metering.
The O*NET United States classification is not the same as Chinese special operation qualifications; real roles are verified per local rules and employer authorization.
Chemical plants: chemical process control and quality parameters.
Petroleum units: process plan—instrument verification—patrol—records—handover.
Adjacent roles: materials or equipment differ, and training and procedures are verified separately.
This occupation: unit stability, material routing, meters, and anomalies.
Adjacent operations: no automatic petroleum unit authorization.
This occupation: must not bypass control parameters, isolation, and safety procedures.
Adjacent roles: verify the industry, equipment, and specific work permits separately.
This occupation: verify the high school diploma, mentoring, and process and safety training.
Instrument reading and records are transferable, but control authority for a specific unit is not automatically transferable.
Compare the materials and responsibilities of refining, pumping, tank gauging, and pipeline roles.
Verify whether the role is control room, field patrol, metering, or storage and transport crew.
Process plan: are the product, flow, and batch clear.
Instruments: are the flow, level, temperature, and pressure data credible.
Metering: do the incoming and outgoing routing and meters match.
Authorization: who may adjust equipment, shut down, and approve switching.
Patrol: how are equipment, pipeline, and tank anomalies found.
Safety: how are leaks, fire, and hazardous exposure reported.
Environment: how are emissions and material losses recorded.
Equipment: how is the condition of pumps, valves, control panels, and meters verified.
Records: can readings, times, batches, and handover be traced.
Shifts: how are rotations, standby, and anomaly handover arranged.
Site differences: do refinery, pump station, and tank farm conditions differ.
Mentoring: how newcomers learn procedures, stop rules, and work authorization.
This occupation and chemical plant, gas plant, and oil and gas well pump operating roles all involve process systems, but the materials, sites, risks, and authorization differ.
The first four adjacent directions are compared by chemical, gas, oil and gas well pump, and production equipment maintenance; the last two are this occupation's internal control room and tank gauging directions.
Compare the target unit, process data, field actions, and handover responsibility; a similar job title does not prove mutual recognition of training or authorization.
Chemical plant operation focuses on different chemical materials and reaction processes.
Those who like process control but are not tied to petroleum materials can verify the chemical direction.
Reaction and isolation rules for different chemical materials must be learned separately.
Gas plant operation focuses mainly on gas processing and transport.
Gas and liquid petroleum differ in metering, equipment, and incident scenarios.
Those who like gas processing need to verify gas safety training.
Chemical plant operators
Chemical plants and this occupation share monitoring methods, but the products differ.
Gas plant operators must verify gas equipment and transport procedures.
Oil and gas well pump operation leans toward wellsite extraction equipment.
This occupation involves more refining, processing, storage, and transport.
Gas plant operators
Gas plant process conditions differ from petroleum pumping.
Equipment maintenance personnel focus on repair and troubleshooting.
This occupation's tasks may include approved maintenance and repair or reporting faults; specific equipment repair and isolation authority is verified by training and appointment, and it cannot be said uniformly that operators only report and cannot maintain.
Verify shutdown, isolation, and repair approval duties.
The control room direction focuses on process screens, variables, and crew communication.
Suits people willing to monitor for long periods and verify reading changes.
Control screens cannot replace field patrols and instrument verification.
The tank gauging direction focuses on levels, meters, and incoming and outgoing product verification.
Requires attention to different batches, meter status, and handover.
Suits people willing to align readings, times, and product records item by item.
Control room: monitor processes and process variables.
Tank gauging: verify levels, meters, and incoming and outgoing flow.
Both internal directions must follow equipment safety procedures and handover.
Role learner
First learn level, flow, time, batches, equipment safety, and the stop and handover rules; practice verification only with the fictional tank T and pump P materials, without connecting to a real control system.
On-the-job operating crew
May trial approved log comparison and handover drafts, verifying raw instrument calibration, field flow, maintenance, and sample status; tools must not directly adjust pumps or valves.
Supervisors and employers
Verify system permission, material input scope, alarm validation, and human responsibility; unit switching or isolation follows existing procedures, and overall decline must not be used to infer AI effects.
Researchers and tool users
Distinguish automatic control, generative drafts, research potential, and actual effects; first verify errors and handover with fictional records and do not automatically expand field authority.
Insufficient evidence: no verified actual generative AI adoption, overall substitution rate, or disappearance year for this occupation; log, metering, trend, and handover drafts are only approved editorial trials, and instruments, flow, equipment, patrol, process safety, and authorization are verified by trained crews.
O*NET51-8093 task profile
Task definitions for refinery unit pumping, meters, patrol, sampling, records, and maintenance, not generative AI adoption effects.
BLS51-8093 independent projections table
United States overall employment, average annual openings including replacements, and typical entry-level education and training, not AI causation or substitution, or Chinese demand.
ILO working paper 140 (2025)
Used to explain task-level exposure and regional differences; the index measures potential exposure, not adoption, automation rates, or unemployment probability.
GPTs are GPTs（2023）
Used to explain the method and scope for estimating the share of affected tasks; the authors explicitly do not predict adoption timelines.
WEF Future of Jobs Report 2025
Used to explain employer expectations for skill and job changes in 2025–2030; these are subjective employer expectations, not realized results.
NIST generative AI risk profile 2024
Cross-scenario voluntary risk governance, records, and responsibility, not unit operating permission or this occupation's safety and time-saving effects.
O*NET51-8093 actual tasks
Tasks for instruments, pumps and valves, product flow, tank gauging, and maintenance; automatic control is not generative model adoption.
Automatic control and generative record assistance are different tools; this page only gives approved editorial trial suggestions, and raw field instruments and crew authority are not handed to tools.
Editorial trial: compare reading trends
People verify meters and field status.
Editorial trial: organize batch logs
People verify product flow and crew handover.
Editorial trial: summarize maintenance records
People are responsible for isolation, safety, and actual handling.
The studies below measure task potential, employer expectations, or risk governance respectively, and none provides this occupation's overall substitution rate, actual adoption, or individual unemployment probability.
This page obtained no separate exposure score usable for this occupation; task exposure does not equal adoption, automation, or unemployment probability.
ILO working paper 140
A potential exposure study combining cross-occupation task data, worker and expert assessments, and model predictions.
About one quarter of workers worldwide are in occupations with generative artificial intelligence exposure, with the highest gradient at 3.3% of global employment; overall exposure is about 34% in high-income countries and about 11% in low-income countries.
The paper's estimates are task-level potential, and the authors explicitly do not predict development or adoption timelines for such models; it cannot be read as an unemployment forecast.
GPTs are GPTs
Estimates of the potential impact of United States occupational tasks and LLM capability, not realized adoption effects.
The paper estimates that about 80% of United States workers have at least 10% of their tasks potentially affected and about 19% have at least 50% of their tasks potentially affected; about 15% of tasks could be completed in less time while maintaining quality. These are potential estimates, not realized time savings.
The survey targets are subjective employer expectations, not realized results; the report should not be treated as measured data on petroleum pump system operator, refinery operator, and gauger job changes.
WEF Future of Jobs Report 2025
Subjective employer expectations for technological skills and job changes in 2025—2030.
Employers expect technological change to both create and cut jobs in 2025–2030 and list skill updating as a key response; this page does not convert it into job counts.
A voluntary risk framework, applicable across scenarios; it is not occupational entry regulation and provides no accident or incidence rate for this occupation.
NIST AI600-1
Cross-scenario generative AI risk identification and governance recommendations, not measured effect statistics for this occupation.
Focuses on reliable input, data permission, version records, and human responsibility; this page does not use it to calculate this occupation's accident rate.
A task list does not prove tool adoption, substitution, or time savings, nor does it authorize real pump or valve equipment actions.
O*NET51-8093 tasks
This occupation's refinery unit monitoring, pumping, metering, patrol, sampling, records, and approved maintenance duties.
People verify meters, flow, equipment safety, and anomaly handover; specific field actions require trained authorization and follow procedure.
Approved trial of log differences, metering records, trend summaries, and handover drafts; the crew verifies raw materials and field limits, and effects await verification.
Insufficient evidence: this occupation's actual generative AI adoption, overall substitution rate, and reliable time-saving, safety, and quality effects are not verified, and automatic control is not generative AI.
Insufficient evidence: no verified overall net job change in this occupation caused by generative AI; potential, adoption, productivity, and overall projections are different objects.
An overall disappearance cannot be inferred from potential task exposure; field instrument calibration, flow, and equipment patrol and process safety are verified by authorized crews per procedure, and the real substitution rate is still missing.
ILO task exposure and ON tasks for this occupation
The EP typical entry is high school or equivalent with medium-term on-the-job training; specific control system software requirements are verified by role, and tool fluency does not grant pump or valve authority.
BLS independent education and training and ON tasks
First verify units, times, batches, instrument calibration, flow, maintenance, samples, and stop and handover; specific skills are verified by the employer, and tool technique is not field ability.
ON tasks and editorial learning advice
32.9 to 32.3 thousand, a net decline of 0.6 thousand, a 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand annual openings including replacements are not AI's effect, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand.
BLS51-8093 independent projections
No. Tools may support approved log drafts, while pump, valve, temperature, pressure, flow switching, isolation, and maintenance must follow trained authorization and site procedures.
ON tasks and NIST human responsibility
Insufficient evidence: no verified reliable disappearance year for this occupation; GPT task potential does not predict adoption timing, and the 2035 overall projection is not an AI substitution deadline.
GPT task research and BLS overall projections
Editorial advice: first learn unit and time-point and batch verification of instruments and metering, product flow and equipment status, and field safety and stop and handover rules, then practice approved material draft tools; this is not a measured ranking of ability value.
Editorial learning order and NIST risk governance
Tools must not change pumps, valves, temperature, pressure, or product flow beyond authority; equipment actions must be performed by authorized personnel per procedure.
Verify the use of unit and product materials, the scope that can be entered into tools, and the receiving crew; production confidentiality and personal information such as personnel identity are verified separately.
Verify instrument calibration, units, times, batches, product flow, maintenance, samples, and material versions, and do not merge old alarms or readings from different times directly.
The trained crew rechecks the original meters and field feedback, unverified states remain open, and tool outputs do not approve switching or repair.
Record the source, tool input versions and outputs, modifiers and reviewers, and the receiving crew for open items, so handover is traceable.
Unit switching, isolation, maintenance, or anomaly handling goes to authorized personnel per procedure, and drafts or learning work must not expand control authority.
A generated log may miss faults or mix batches and, without review, may mislead the next shift.
Before sending a handover card, recheck the original records, times, and batches, mark it as a draft with the reviewer, and clearly retain maintenance and quality open items.
Production systems, product routes, and personnel identity data have different scopes, and excessive input or external sending carries permission risk.
Verify the organization's approved input scope, access retention, and sending permission; personal information follows a lawful basis, necessity, and minimum scope, and real production data is not uploaded by default.
An outdated process version or unverified meter time distorts apparently correct output.
Retain the source time points, process versions, and tool versions, re-verify differences by hand; generated results are not an approved field change.
Mixing different units, time points, batches, and instrument calibrations misjudges levels, flow, or product quality.
Verify units, times, original metering, and sample calibration status one by one, mark conflicts as pending first, and do not give equipment actions from a single screen.
Wrong flow, temperature, pressure, leak, maintenance, or isolation authority may cause safety, quality, and handover problems.
The authorized crew verifies the site and the stop and report process, and anomalies escalate to the supervisor and specialist team; tools cannot release them.
People verify meters and field status.
Compare flow, level, temperature, pressure, and trends
Instrument monitoring
Editorial trial: reading trend prompts
The crew verifies batches and switching authorization.
Confirm the correspondence of product, pipeline, and tank
Flow verification
Editorial trial: batch path organization
People verify actual faults and isolation conditions.
Monitor equipment and maintenance records
Pump and valve status
Editorial trial: maintenance pattern summary
People verify units and sample sources.
Verify meters, samples, and laboratory results
Metering quality
Editorial trial: metering data organization
People patrol per site procedure.
Observe leaks, fire, and hazardous conditions
Patrol safety
Editorial trial: patrol point reminders
People verify original times and responsibility.
Record readings, anomalies, and handover
Process log
Editorial trial: handover summary draft
The organization verifies the access boundary.
Protect production system and material information
Data confidentiality
Editorial trial: input external sharing risk
First use the fictional tank T and pump P logs for difference and handover practice, and verify material permission, original meters, field conditions, and human acceptance before real use; effects are not guaranteed in advance.
Two categories, four amounts
Insufficient evidence: this occupation's national percentiles, comparable cities, and a complete quote covering the refining, pumping, and metering direction, education, shift, and pay composition are still missing.
Strict precise wages and quotes for this occupation
United States wages are United States background only
2025 RMB per year pre-tax annual average
Manufacturing 113,594/76,055; transportation, warehousing, and postal services 133,981/73,133, conditional references by non-private/private main business across occupations.
The categories cover many occupations and are not this occupation
Not averaged together or divided by 12 as monthly take-home pay; the United States 96,710 dollars is not converted to fill in Chinese wages.
Main business matching
2511 crude oil processing and petroleum product manufacturing belongs to manufacturing; independent 5710/5720 pipeline transport and 5941 oil and gas storage belong to transportation, warehousing, and postal services.
Population applicability
Urban related legal persons with 5 or more employees, excluding the self-employed and freelance; refinery in-house pump stations and tanks follow the employer's manufacturing main business, and the client site does not set the category.
Pre-tax and personal income
Includes personal withholding of income tax, social insurance, and housing fund, and excludes equity dividends and capital gains; individual contract, shift, and bonus are verified separately.
Insufficient evidence: no verified reliable causal quantification of generative AI adoption's effect on Chinese wages for this occupation; log and metering organization are only approved editorial trials.
First verify the specific unit, product, process, and employer main business population; Chinese work qualifications and the United States occupational classification are not automatically mutually recognized.
Basic learning preparation
Materials, instruments, and process safety
The United States EP typical requirement is a high school diploma or equivalent, no uniform related experience, and medium-term on-the-job training; this does not represent all Chinese positions, and campus recruitment may separately require an associate or bachelor's degree.
Supervised patrol collaboration
Flow, level, time, and status records
Use the fictional tank T and pump P A1—A5 to verify conflicts and hand to Lin Lan; the paper work does not grant equipment control authority.
Specific unit roles
Refinery control room, pumping, or metering
Direction duties require actual unit mentoring and authorization verification, and fixed wages and promotion are not inferred from education or years.
Crew coordination direction
Quality, safety, and handover review
Supervisor appointment, licences, and equipment control authority are verified separately, and training certificates do not automatically expand authority; real campus recruitment materials are retained.
Crude oil processing and petroleum product manufacturing main business
Only where the real 2511 manufacturing legal-person scope matches is the manufacturing multi-occupation average used; in-house pump stations and tanks do not change the industry on their own.
Independent pipeline transport and oil and gas storage main business
Real independent 5710/5720/5941 transportation and storage main business separately references the transportation, warehousing, and postal services conditional average.
Other in-house employer main businesses
Employers in extraction, gas, wholesale, and retail are verified by their real main business, and not all oil pump roles are uniformly assigned to manufacturing or the former mining category.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 urban unit wages｜https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/zxfb/202605/t20260515_1963707.html
China conditional broad industry and strict precise quote gap
Insufficient evidence: this occupation's city percentiles and a complete quote covering the specific unit, shift, and pay were not obtained; the two partial recruitment materials are not a national distribution.
The following is capability observation and United States typical preparation, not a unified Chinese education, wage, or promotion grade table.
National Bureau of Statistics GB industry classification: refining and manufacturing, and independent pipeline transport and storage｜https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/tjbz/gmjjhyfl/202501/P020250116506795831658.pdf
2025 pre-tax annual average across occupations, referenced separately by real main business and urban legal-person population of 5 or more, excluding the self-employed and freelance, and not averaged together or extended to personal monthly take-home pay.
Industry of the refining and manufacturing main business (2025)
Non-private 113,594 / private 76,055 yuan/year pre-tax annual average; a conditional reference for real 2511 main business urban legal persons of 5 or more, not this occupation's median.
Industry of the independent transport and storage main business (2025)
Transportation, warehousing, and postal services non-private 133,981 / private 73,133 yuan/year; a conditional reference for related real 5710/5720/5941 main business legal-person populations.
Precise wages and current quotes for this occupation
Insufficient evidence: this occupation's national percentiles, comparable cities, and a complete current quote covering unit, education, shift, and pay are still missing.
Insufficient evidence: the National Bureau of Statistics 2025 does not list a strictly 51-8093 corresponding entry for this occupation, and broad category averages and partial campus recruitment cannot fill in this occupation's percentiles or complete contract.
National Bureau of Statistics GB industry classification: refining and manufacturing, and independent pipeline transport and storage｜https://www.stats.gov.cn/sj/tjbz/gmjjhyfl/202501/P020250116506795831658.pdf
1.9% decline 2025—2035
96,710 dollars/year
2025 United States national annual pay 57,110 dollars, hourly 27.46 dollars, 10th percentile, not a new-hire, seniority, grade, or personal contract figure, OEWS excludes self-employed agriculture and private households, uses the Texas page United States line; O*NET national wage line｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/localwages/51-8093.00?st=TX
77,510 dollars/year
2025 United States national annual pay 77,510 dollars, hourly 37.27 dollars, 25th percentile, not a new-hire, seniority, grade, or personal contract figure, OEWS excludes self-employed agriculture and private households, uses the Texas page United States line; O*NET national wage line｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/localwages/51-8093.00?st=TX
96,710 dollars/year
2025 United States national annual pay 96,710 dollars, hourly 46.50 dollars, 50th percentile, not a new-hire, seniority, grade, or personal contract figure, OEWS excludes self-employed agriculture and private households, uses the Texas page United States line; O*NET national wage line｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/localwages/51-8093.00?st=TX
106,320 dollars/year
2025 United States national annual pay 106,320 dollars, hourly 51.12 dollars, 75th percentile, not a new-hire, seniority, grade, or personal contract figure, OEWS excludes self-employed agriculture and private households, uses the Texas page United States line; O*NET national wage line｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/localwages/51-8093.00?st=TX
115,880 dollars/year (90th percentile)
2025 United States national annual pay 115,880 dollars, hourly 55.71 dollars, 90th percentile, not a new-hire, seniority, grade, or personal contract figure, OEWS excludes self-employed agriculture and private households, uses the Texas page United States line; O*NET national wage line｜https://www.onetonline.org/link/localwages/51-8093.00?st=TX
2025 employment in this occupation is 32.9 thousand, and the self-employed column shows a dash as unavailable rather than zero; the count is not a wage sample; BLS projections table｜https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/occupational-projections-and-characteristics.htm
2035 employment in this occupation 32.3 thousand, net decline 0.6 thousand, 1.9% decrease, each column rounding independently, not an AI effect, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand; BLS projections table｜https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/occupational-projections-and-characteristics.htm
2.7 thousand annual openings (including replacements)
2.7 thousand annual openings include replacements due to separations and are a ten-year average, not the net decline of 0.6 thousand or current hiring; BLS projections table｜https://www.bls.gov/emp/tables/occupational-projections-and-characteristics.htm
United States salaried national percentiles are not new-hire pay, individual after-tax contracts, or Chinese wages; the employment and wage populations differ, and each column rounds independently. The current O*NET employment and the EP are both 2025—2035, and the old 2024—2034 record is historical only.
United States 51-8093 independent 2025 national annual percentiles 57,110/77,510/96,710/106,320/115,880 dollars; 2025 employment 32.9 to 32.3 thousand in 2035, net decline 0.6 thousand, 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand annual openings including replacements. The self-employed column is unavailable, and OEWS wages exclude the self-employed and others; each column rounds independently, and none of this is an AI effect, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand.
May 2025 national OEWS salaried dollars per year and dollars per hour; the unit does not represent an individual's take-home shift income.
Wage unit and period
Percentiles are positions in the national wage distribution and cannot be read as new-hire, seniority, or grade levels by 10/25/75/90 percentile.
Meaning of the statistical percentiles
Independent 51-8093 refining, pumping, and tank gauging; the current O*NET 2025 employment shares of manufacturing 59%, transportation and warehousing 21%, and wholesale 10% are industry employment shares, not industry wages, and this page obtained no 2025 segment medians.
United States occupational and industry scope
United States salaried national percentiles are not new-hire pay, individual after-tax contracts, or Chinese wages; the employment and wage populations differ, each column rounds independently, and the ON old 2024—2034 employment is kept separate from this table's 2025—2035.
Refining and petroleum processing scenario
Insufficient evidence: no 2025 industry wage median for this occupation was verified, and the national 96,710 dollars or the 2024 industry employment shares are not substituted.
This column is an ON real task scenario, not a verified independent wage industry grouping; product unit main business and individual shift contracts are verified separately.
Pumping and pipeline scenario
Insufficient evidence: no 2025 industry wage median for this occupation was verified, and the national 96,710 dollars or the 2024 industry employment shares are not substituted.
This column is an ON real task scenario, not a verified independent wage industry grouping; product unit main business and individual shift contracts are verified separately.
Tank gauging scenario
Insufficient evidence: no 2025 industry wage median for this occupation was verified, and the national 96,710 dollars or the 2024 industry employment shares are not substituted.
This column is an ON real task scenario, not a verified independent wage industry grouping; product unit main business and individual shift contracts are verified separately.
Multiple unit and auxiliary equipment scenario
Insufficient evidence: no 2025 industry wage median for this occupation was verified, and the national 96,710 dollars or the 2024 industry employment shares are not substituted.
This column is an ON real task scenario, not a verified independent wage industry grouping; product unit main business and individual shift contracts are verified separately.
No. 96,710 dollars is this occupation's 2025 national annual median, not new-hire or individual after-tax pay.
OEWS salaried wages exclude self-employed agriculture and private households, and the EP employment self-employed column shows a dash as unavailable rather than zero; national hourly and annual pay are not an individual shift contract's take-home pay.
The O*NET Texas page takes the United States national 2025 percentiles, and both the current O*NET and EP51-8093 list 32900 jobs in 2025 and 2700 annual openings over 2025—2035; the historical 34900 jobs in 2024 and 3200 openings over 2024—2034 cannot be substituted for current data.
Region, industry, shift, experience, maintenance and metering duties, and contract differences are verified separately, and the strict personal maximum or entry income is not inferred.
United States salaried national percentiles are not new-hire pay, individual after-tax contracts, or Chinese wages; the employment and wage populations differ, each column rounds independently, and the ON old 2024—2034 employment is kept separate from this table's 2025—2035.
10th percentile 57,110 dollars, not called an entry-level wage.
Median 96,710 dollars, the midpoint of the wage distribution.
90th percentile 115,880 dollars, not a personal income ceiling.
O*NET interest profile for this occupational group, RC: R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0, with realistic and conventional interests more prominent; a role description, not an individual safety ability or entry score.
An interest description, not individual performance. The United States EP typical requirement is high school or equivalent with medium-term on-the-job training, and actual unit authority and Chinese recruitment conditions are verified separately.
Liking hands-on work still requires accepting unknown calibration, conflicting materials, and repeated monitoring, and no equipment is adjusted on a single reading.
Careful records and handover can serve as observation points, and Big Five does not provide a best score for this occupation or a safety guarantee.
Summarize learning questions by task, and do not treat personality assessment scores as evidence for this occupation or a hiring threshold.
Use the fictional A2 flows of 80 and 95 at different times to see whether the time point and calibration are asked about first rather than calling it a fault.
An O*NET group RC interest, not proof of individual safety ability, education, or eligibility, or performance.
MBTI cannot be used to judge qualification; look first at readings, batches, flow, equipment status, and handover work.
The realistic and conventional observation points are meter patrols, flow metering, and record verification, and no real actions are given.
MBTI preferences are not operating skills, statutory qualifications, or evidence of authorization.
RC: realistic and conventional (O*NET group description for this occupation)
RC
A type cannot be used to rule yourself out or ignore shift, protection, and anomaly escalation requirements.
The Enneagram can provide reflection questions but cannot classify a type as a qualified refinery operator.
The Enneagram cannot replace real samples, trained supervision, and sustained performance.
When tempted to write the unknown as confirmed, practice retaining open items and recipients rather than relying on a personality label.
The reasoning observation points are units, time points, batches, and causal assumptions, and a rising level is not treated as proven flow.
A reasoning assessment does not prove on-site metering, control, or safety ability and requires specific training to verify.
Accurate calculation still requires verified calibration and sources, and a paper test does not grant pump or valve authority.
Handover must state known conflicts and items to be verified, and listen to the next shift, maintenance, and quality team feedback.
An emotional intelligence assessment is not an accident rate, operating licence, or performance guarantee for the role.
Pressure does not turn unknown flow, unsigned maintenance, or an absent sample into a release.
A group interest does not prove individual ability. Verify the specific employer's shifts, protection, mentoring, and equipment authority.
Willing to verify meters, patrols, flow metering, and records, then observe the work with the fictional tank T and pump P.
Refinery unit direction
Likes control screens and process variables.
Requires long monitoring and handling per procedure.
Pump station and pipeline direction
Likes pumps, valves, flow, and field patrols.
Equipment actions require explicit authorization.
Tank gauging direction
Likes levels, meters, and product verification.
Units, batches, and instrument calibration must be verified.
Chemical plant direction
Likes controlling other chemical materials.
Materials and safety procedures differ.
Gas plant direction
Likes gas processing and transport.
Gas equipment risk is verified separately.
Equipment maintenance direction
Likes fault diagnosis and repair.
Repair and operating authorization differ.
Rather than introversion or extroversion, verify clear handover, continuous monitoring, retaining open items, and supervised training.
Introversion does not exclude collaboration; use records to state the source, time, equipment status, and recipient clearly.
Extroversion does not replace careful meter verification and escalating per procedure, and communication leaves traceable records.
No best MBTI for this occupation was verified; use the fictional A1—A5 to observe ability and boundaries.
This occupation is RC, R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0, and a group interest rather than an individual score or licence.
An assessment cannot predict safety or performance alone, and training samples and sustained performance are verified separately.
Requires unit, time-point, flow, and inventory verification fundamentals, which can be practiced under supervision, without skipping metering review.
Handover requires expressing conflicts and listening to feedback, and emotional intelligence is not a substitute for training or authority.
The Enneagram serves as reflection questions and gives no entry or accident risk conclusion.
Produce the four works on metering evidence, flow, equipment and quality open items, and stop-and-handover, and observe which direction you are willing to complete carefully.
Willing to verify units, times, and batches item by item, patrol equipment, record anomalies, and hand over to the authorized crew.
If you would switch pumps or valves on a single reading, practice verification and stop-and-handover first; interest is not safety training.
Use the fictional tank T and pump P A1—A5 to produce the four works and hand them to Lin Lan, without connecting to a real system.
RC and R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0 are group descriptions, not a performance or safety threshold.
Actual refining control, pumping, metering, patrols, records, and approved maintenance; automatic control is not AI adoption.
Independent 2025—2035 employment including replacement openings, not a Chinese threshold or AI's effect.
United States typical high school and medium-term on-the-job training, with actual unit authority and Chinese recruitment verified separately.
Chemical 51-8091 focuses on chemical plant process control, with materials, processes, and risks verified separately.
Gas 51-8092 handles and distributes gas, compressors, mainline transmission, and pressure, with media and equipment verified separately.
Wellhead pump 53-7073 is wellsite oil and gas pumping and is not the full duty set of a refinery unit.
Personnel materials follow a lawful basis, purpose, necessity, and minimum scope, and pure production data separately requires organizational confidentiality permission.
This page explains occupational risk only and provides no operating steps for real pumps, valves, pipelines, or refinery units, or incident response instructions.
The six key risks are inaccurate instruments, wrong flow, abnormal level or temperature and pressure, leaks and fire, metering differences, and missed handover; when unclear, stop the related actions and escalate per procedure.
O*NET supports unit operation, instrument, patrol, and record tasks; the specific risk ranking and paper cases are editorial synthesis.
Operators and crew
May misjudge the actual product flow.
Verify meter status and original records, and report anomalies.
The flow meter and the control screen readings disagree.
Unit and client
May cause product cross-contamination or quality loss.
Pause the judgment and ask the supervisor to verify the current flow.
The pipeline switching record omits the product batch.
Tank farm personnel
May affect storage and transport safety and metering.
Verify time, units, instruments, and handover.
The tank level and the incoming and outgoing volumes do not match.
Field personnel and the environment
May bring fire, exposure, and environmental risk.
Stop approaching and report per site procedure.
A patrol finds an unidentified odour or seepage.
Quality and metering team
May make quality and metering conclusions wrong.
Verify the sampling source and meter calibration.
Sample and meter data disagree.
Next shift and maintenance personnel
The next shift may misjudge equipment availability.
Write the fault, isolation status, and recipient clearly.
Handover omits a pump fault and unfinished maintenance.
Perform authorized review of process safety and field changes, recording the source, version, and recipient.
The ON work context includes common protection, outdoor work, and hazardous equipment environments; a group survey description is not an individual accident probability, and specific protection and procedures are verified per employer site.
When level, flow, time point, batch, actual product route, meter calibration, maintenance, or samples are unknown, keep them open first and do not give equipment actions directly.
Personnel identity and contact data are handled on a lawful basis, for a purpose, and within the minimum scope; production system and process data separately require organizational permission, and PIPL does not approve field changes.
The risk summary is for career understanding, not a unit site operating guide.
| Monitor, meter, and hand over per approved procedures. |
| Can verify instruments, flow, and safety. |
| Redacted or fictional process records. |
| Do not bypass site procedures. |
| Control room direction | Verify process screens, temperature and pressure, and flow. | Can stay alert and verify field feedback. | Simulated anomaly records. | Control authority is verified separately. |
| Metering coordination direction | Verify tanks, batches, meters, and quality results. | Can handle reading differences and handover. | Fictional metering difference table. | Management appointment is verified separately. |
Education and training
BLS 51-8093 lists a high school diploma or equivalent as the typical entry-level education, usually with medium-term on-the-job training.
Verify the target employer's shift, site, and equipment requirements.
Paper work samples
Use the fictional A1—A5 to show the stop-and-handover for level, flow, routing, and equipment anomalies.
Work samples do not grant real control system permission.
Official task materials
O*NET tasks include instrument monitoring, pump and valve coordination, tank patrols, metering, and operating records.
Verify whether the real role leans toward control room, field, or metering.
Records and safety
Use a handover record with time, product batch, and recipient to show review habits.
Site procedures and supervision are verified separately.
Materials and setup｜Completely fictional
You are a supervised learner at the fictional "Qinghe Storage and Transport" and only organize paper handover cards, without touching a real unit. A1: tank T's level record is 68 units yesterday and 74 units today, with the units for practice only.
A2: pump P's flow meter shows "80" while the control screen shows "95"; the two timestamps differ, and the instrument calibration date is unverified.
A3: the shift handover plan says product A should enter tank T, but the pipeline label photo is blurry and the current flow cannot be confirmed.
Tasks and stop rules
A4: the patrol log records abnormal vibration on pump P, the maintenance status has not been signed back, and the quality sample results have not arrived.
A5: the fictional organizational rule requires no pump or valve switching and no operating instructions when flow, metering, or equipment status is unclear, and requires recording it and handing it to supervisor Lin Lan for verification.
Reference approach (complete it independently first)
A rising level in A1 cannot prove that the A3 flow is correct; the A2 readings differ in time and calibration status, so they must be marked as a conflict and verified with Lin Lan.
The A4 pump anomaly and the sample gap leave the status incomplete, and per A5 no equipment action recommendation can be given; record the source, time, batch, and handover recipient.
Deliverables and boundaries
The work includes the A1—A5 evidence table, metering and flow conflicts, equipment and quality open items, and the stop-and-handover; it provides no pump or valve parameters or real control steps.
Metering evidence card
List the A1 level change and the times of the two A2 flow readings.
Review: different times cannot directly establish an instrument fault.
Flow verification card
Compare A3 product A, tank T, and the blurry label.
Review: the current flow cannot be confirmed, so no switching recommendation is made.
Equipment and quality card
List the A4 vibration, maintenance sign-back, and sample gap.
Stop-and-handover card
Per A5, write the reasons for not touching pumps or valves and the Lin Lan recipient.
| Stage | What may be assessed | Observable evidence | Boundaries of use |
|---|---|---|---|
| Level and flow | Can identify the time and unit differences between A1 and A2 | List the original tables, times, and instruments still to be verified | Do not guess the flow |
| Product route | Can find that the A3 label photo is blurry | Write the stop and verify product A's route | Do not issue pump or valve instructions |
| Equipment and quality | Whether the A4 vibration and the pending sample are listed | Hand to maintenance and quality for review | Do not continue on speculation |
| Handover authorization | A5 requires stopping and the supervisor can be contacted | Write the Lin Lan recipient and the open items | A fictional exercise is not an operating licence |
Day one
Read A1—A5 and mark the product, tank, instruments, and prohibited actions.
Day two
Verify the A1 level and metering units.
Day three
Compare the A2 flow readings and timestamps.
Day four
List the A3 flow and the A4 equipment and quality gaps.
Day five
Write the handover card to stop and contact Lin Lan.
Day six
Seal the first draft and check against the answer.
Day seven
Submit four pieces of work and list the training questions.
| Eligibility / status | Who it mainly suits | Real job-search role | Whether it is a general hiring threshold | Application / registration requirements | Investment level | Important limits |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High school diploma or equivalent | Those preparing to enter unit operating roles | BLS lists the typical entry-level education as a high school diploma or equivalent | Not an independent operating licence | Verify the target employer's requirements | Depends on the school and the individual | A diploma does not grant pump or valve control authority |
| On-the-job mentoring | Newly hired operations learner | BLS lists medium-term on-the-job training | The specific duration is set by the plant | Verify the equipment, shifts, and mentor | Training follows the project | Do not adjust equipment independently without authorization |
| Process safety training | Those who work with units and conduct field patrols | Learn hazard identification, protection, and stop rules | Role requirements vary by unit | Per plant safety policy | Refresher training may be required | Coursework does not replace field authorization |
| Instrument and metering training | For those leaning toward flow, level, and product verification | Learn units, meters, and difference records | Specific meter qualifications are verified separately | Verify the employer's equipment and procedures | Investment follows coursework and hands-on practice | Unclear readings must be reported |
| Control system training | For those leaning toward the control room and process screens | Learn status, alarms, and crew communication | Operating authority is verified separately | Verify the simulator and supervision method | Per in-plant arrangements | Do not change equipment based on a software demonstration |
| Specific work permits | Those involved in restricted or high-risk work | Confirmed per locality and plant policy | Not obtainable from a uniform job title alone | Check the jurisdiction and site procedures | The cycle varies by requirement | Certificates, training, and operating authorization are separate |
Education, on-the-job training, certificates, work permits, and equipment authorization are different matters; paper work does not replace field mentoring.
BLS 51-8093 describes the United States independent occupation; Chinese unit roles and permits are not automatically mutually recognized by name.
Real pump, valve, tank, and refinery unit control must follow the jurisdiction, plant rules, and crew authorization.
Stop the related actions and hand to the supervisor for review when flow, level, temperature, pressure, or equipment status is unclear.
Insufficient evidence: no complete current quote was verified that simultaneously covers Chinese employer, region, posting date, unit, shift, training, and pay composition, and the two real partial campus recruitment materials below cannot fill in this occupation's national wages.
Hebei University of Technology 2026-09-15 Jilin Petrochemical: Jilin Province refining and chemical production technology skilled position, 75 bachelor's degree holders, majors such as chemical analysis and polymer materials, open to 2027 or eligible 2026 graduates and the group's foreign language requirements. The 4500—6000 yuan does not state the pay period and cannot be called a monthly wage, pre-tax amount, or this occupation's median; the unit, shift, and pay composition are still missing. The original posting is at the source link below.
Jilin University 2026-09-10 Daqing Refining and Chemical autumn recruitment: Daqing Ranghulu, manufacturing main business, 22 production operator positions for associate or vocational college and bachelor's degree holders in related refining and petrochemical majors, plus 20 technical skilled positions from bachelor's to doctoral level and other roles. Open to 2027 or eligible 2026 graduates with foreign language and academic requirements, able to work shifts on the production front line and accept assignment; pay is described only as a unified group system without figures; September 9 to October 15 are planned registration dates and do not prove the positions are still open, and AI interviews in recruitment are not production AI adoption. The original posting is at the source link below.
The two materials support their own campus recruitment conditions and do not represent all of this occupation or a uniform threshold; the A1—A5 fictional exercise is still fully retained, and education, training, hiring, and operating authority are verified separately.
The following are capability observation levels, not uniform promotion years; real unit, pump, valve, and tank operations are verified per training, procedures, and authorization.
Can verify instruments and products with fictional materials.
Understands equipment and data
Patrols under supervision and records anomalies.
Supervised field collaboration
Monitors, meters, and hands over within authorization.
Carries operating tasks
Reviews crew safety and quality, without replacing permits.
Coordination and mentoring
Start with instruments, materials, and safety fundamentals, verify flow, level, product routes, and handover records under mentoring, and then take on specific equipment per plant authorization.
The United States EP typical requirement is a high school diploma or equivalent with medium-term on-the-job training; the two Chinese campus recruitments apply separately from associate or vocational college to bachelor's and postgraduate levels and do not constitute a uniform engineering degree threshold. Certificates, hiring, training, and specific equipment authorization are separate, and jurisdictional plant rules are verified separately.
From supervised metering and patrol record verification to specific approved operations and mentoring observation, actual review work and appointment govern, and promotion years are not guaranteed.
When comparing chemical, gas, and maintenance directions, first list the differences in materials, equipment, safety training, and responsibility; field experience does not automatically grant mutual recognition of permits.
Verify the role's main business, specific unit, shift, protection, mentoring, and first-year tasks; typical education is not the actual hiring condition of every employer.
Use the four works from the fictional A1—A5 to show sources and times, flow conflicts, equipment and sample open items, and the stop-and-handover to Lin Lan; it is not an operating licence.
Without experience, first produce four fictional paper works: the metering evidence table, flow verification, equipment and quality open items, and the stop-and-handover card. You may record your own practice time, without executing real operational control or connecting to sensitive systems.
Education, unit mentoring, jurisdictional work qualifications, and equipment control authorization are verified separately; paper work or an engineering degree cannot be used to infer pump or valve signing authority.
Learn refinery unit monitoring fundamentals; does not create independent operating rights.
Use the fictional A1—A5 materials to verify the readings and stop conditions of process units, temperature and pressure, and product flow.
Hand over the conflicts, risks, and the unit supervisor recipient.
Performs paper and supervised tasks only.
Refinery unit monitoring learner
Complete refinery unit monitoring mentoring, instrument, and safety training.
Verify process units, temperature and pressure, and product flow under supervision, recording what was done and what was not.
Can show supervised handover and anomaly records.
Stop first when readings, equipment, or flow are unclear.
Supervised refinery unit monitoring collaborator
Specific units, equipment, and shifts follow employer authorization.
Handle process units, temperature and pressure, and product flow per approved procedures and report to the unit supervisor.
Record instruments, products, times, and review results.
Do not skip procedures based on experience.
Authorized refinery unit monitoring operator
Coordination duties are appointed by the organization, and training does not automatically increase operating authority.
Review process units, temperature and pressure, and product flow for quality, safety, and handover closure.
Can show quality reviews, training, and supervisor confirmation.
Escalate leak and equipment risks; final handling goes to authorized personnel.
Refinery unit monitoring coordinator
Learn pump station and pipeline fundamentals; does not create independent operating rights.
Use the fictional A1—A5 materials to verify the readings and stop conditions of pumps and valves, flow, and pipeline status.
Hand over the conflicts, risks, and the pump station supervisor recipient.
Performs paper and supervised tasks only.
Pump station and pipeline learner
Complete pump station and pipeline mentoring, instrument, and safety training.
Verify pumps and valves, flow, and pipeline status under supervision, recording what was done and what was not.
Can show supervised handover and anomaly records.
Stop first when readings, equipment, or flow are unclear.
Supervised pump station and pipeline collaborator
Specific units, equipment, and shifts follow employer authorization.
Handle pumps and valves, flow, and pipeline status per approved procedures and report to the pump station supervisor.
Record instruments, products, times, and review results.
Do not skip procedures based on experience.
Authorized pump station and pipeline operator
Coordination duties are appointed by the organization, and training does not automatically increase operating authority.
Review pumps and valves, flow, and pipeline status for quality, safety, and handover closure.
Can show quality reviews, training, and supervisor confirmation.
Escalate leak and equipment risks; final handling goes to authorized personnel.
Pump station and pipeline coordinator
Learn tank gauging fundamentals; does not create independent operating rights.
Use the fictional A1—A5 materials to verify the readings and stop conditions of levels, meters, batches, and samples.
Hand over the conflicts, risks, and the metering supervisor recipient.
Performs paper and supervised tasks only.
Tank gauging learner
Complete tank gauging mentoring, instrument, and safety training.
Verify levels, meters, batches, and samples under supervision, recording what was done and what was not.
Can show supervised handover and anomaly records.
Stop first when readings, equipment, or flow are unclear.
Supervised tank gauging collaborator
Specific units, equipment, and shifts follow employer authorization.
Handle levels, meters, batches, and samples per approved procedures and report to the metering supervisor.
Record instruments, products, times, and review results.
Do not skip procedures based on experience.
Authorized tank gauging operator
Coordination duties are appointed by the organization, and training does not automatically increase operating authority.
Review levels, meters, batches, and samples for quality, safety, and handover closure.
Can show quality reviews, training, and supervisor confirmation.
Escalate leak and equipment risks; final handling goes to authorized personnel.
Tank gauging coordinator
In the United States, the independent occupation 51-8093 runs from 32.9 thousand jobs in 2025 to 32.3 thousand in 2035, a net decline of 0.6 thousand, a 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand annual openings including replacements; each column rounds independently, the self-employed column shows a dash as unavailable, and none of this is AI's effect or Chinese demand.
2025 employment 32.9 thousand, 2035 employment 32.3 thousand; net decline 0.6 thousand.
Figures are in thousands; average annual openings reflect replacement demand and do not equal net employment growth.
Employment scale for this occupation
United States 51-8093 independent occupation
32.9 thousand (2025) → 32.3 thousand (2035)
The independent BLS row projects a 1.9% decline.
The 2.7 thousand average annual openings are a ten-year average projection, not a current hiring count.
Employment change and openings
United States 51-8093 independent occupation
1.9% decline; 2.7 thousand average annual openings (including replacements)
Currently verifiable materials
Insufficient evidence: no verified comparable employment projection strictly corresponding to this occupation in China; the United States 1.9% decline is not treated as a Chinese trend.
China's broad industry wages cannot serve as an employment projection for this occupation.
China occupational projection evidence status
Occupational scope and period require separate verification
Insufficient evidence: no verified independent employment growth and openings for this occupation in China.
BLS 51-8093 provides United States occupational projections only.
The O*NET wage page is not hiring volume data.
National Bureau of Statistics industry wages do not provide job counts for this occupation.
The O*NET precise occupation profile defines unit operating tasks; it does not prove eligibility is mutually recognized across regions.
Add chemical materials and reaction control.
Instrument monitoring is transferable.
Medium: materials and risks differ.
Add gas processing and gas safety.
Process monitoring is transferable.
Medium: equipment differs.
Add wellsite extraction equipment and field safety.
Pumping experience is transferable.
Medium: sites differ.
Add fault diagnosis and repair isolation.
Equipment status observation is transferable.
Medium: maintenance authorization differs.
Add water quality, chemicals, and environmental regulations.
Instrument and shift experience is transferable.
Farther: media differ.
Add specific chemical equipment and processes.
Process safety awareness is transferable.
Medium: equipment scope differs.
Add staffing and production coordination; the formal front-line supervisor 51-1011 appointment scope is verified separately, and the official definition excludes general team or work leaders.
Field experience is transferable.
Medium: management appointment is verified separately.
Add inspection, testing, sampling, weighing, and specification measurement of non-agricultural raw materials, products, and parts, and do not reduce 51-9061 to a laboratory technician.
Metering records are transferable.
Medium: testing responsibility differs.
Real 2511 manufacturing main business urban legal persons of 5 or more may conditionally reference the 2025 non-private 113594 / private 76055 yuan pre-tax annual average; independent pipeline transport and oil and gas storage main business separately references transportation, warehousing, and postal services at 133981 / 73133. These are not this occupation's percentiles, a complete quote covering unit, shift, and pay is still missing, and the two campus recruitments either do not state the period or give no amount.
No. 96,710 dollars is this occupation's 2025 annual median, not a new-hire starting wage or after-tax income.
The United States EP typical requirement is a high school diploma or equivalent with medium-term on-the-job training; the two Chinese campus recruitments each have their own conditions from associate or vocational college to bachelor's level and are not uniformly mutually recognized. Training, eligibility, and specific plant equipment authorization are verified separately.
Authority cannot be obtained from the job title or a paper exercise. Real control follows plant procedures, training, supervision, and local jurisdictional rules.
Inaccurate instruments, wrong product flow, abnormal level or temperature and pressure, leaks and fire, metering differences, and missed handover.
The United States 2025—2035 net decline is 0.6 thousand, down 1.9%, with 2.7 thousand average annual openings including replacements, which is not AI's effect or Chinese demand. The eight adjacent directions of chemical, gas, wellhead pump, maintenance, water treatment, chemical equipment, supervisor, and inspection each differ in materials, training, and appointment.
Compiled and edited by the FermatMind career content team; no line-by-line review by petroleum pump system operator, refinery operator, and gauger practitioners was obtained.
ON51-8093 tasks, the United States EP independent 2025—2035 and 2025 national salaried wages; in China, a conditional reference to the multi-occupation pre-tax annual average by manufacturing or independent pipeline transport and storage real main business, with strict percentiles and complete quotes for this occupation still missing, and two real partial recruitment materials listed separately.
The original 2026-09-26 materials and fictional exercise are retained as history; this round on 2026-10-12 verified O*NET tasks and interests and the current 2025 employment, the BLS independent projection and national wages, NBS wages, and two campus recruitment texts. The classification PDF was not obtained this round, research statistical periods are marked separately, and a registration window does not guarantee that every role is still open.
The Chinese page explains the United States occupational scope and does not constitute guidance for real refinery unit or pump and valve operation. A1—A5 is completely fictional and not for real production.
This occupation's 24 tasks, RC, and R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0 actually verified.
Meters, flow, equipment, patrols, records, and maintenance follow specific field authorization, and a group interest does not predict individual performance.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official occupation profile
United States 51-8093 refinery unit, pumping, and tank gauging tasks and work context
An occupational group description, not measured AI results for this occupation or a specific work permit; the ON old 2024 employment and 2024—2034 projection are retained as history, and the current EP2025—2035 is verified separately.
2026-10-03
The same BLS table alias, not multiple independent pieces of evidence.
The wage and employment populations differ, and the dash column means unavailable.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025—2035 employment projections
official projection table
United States 51-8093 independent occupation projections and typical education and training
Independently verified EP51-8093 independent occupation 2025 employment 32.9 to 32.3 thousand in 2035, net decline 0.6 thousand, 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand average annual openings including replacement separations; each column rounds independently, the self-employed dash means unavailable rather than zero, and the typical requirement is a high school diploma or equivalent with no uniform related experience and medium-term on-the-job training; none of this is AI adoption, substitution, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand.
2026-10-03
The same BLS table alias, not multiple independent pieces of evidence.
The wage and employment populations differ, and the dash column means unavailable.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025—2035 employment projections
official projection table
United States 51-8093 independent occupation projections and typical education and training
Independently verified EP51-8093 independent occupation 2025 employment 32.9 to 32.3 thousand in 2035, net decline 0.6 thousand, 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand average annual openings including replacement separations; each column rounds independently, the self-employed dash means unavailable rather than zero, and the typical requirement is a high school diploma or equivalent with no uniform related experience and medium-term on-the-job training; none of this is AI adoption, substitution, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand.
2026-10-03
Actually uses the st=TX page United States national line and does not take the Texas median.
No verifiable line is presented for industry segment medians, so the official gap is retained.
O*NET OnLine citing BLS
United States
May 2025 wages
official wage distribution
2025 United States national 51-8093 salaried wage percentiles
The actual O*NET Texas page United States national 2025 five-level annual pay is 57110/77510/96710/106320/115880 dollars, hourly 27.46/37.27/46.50/51.12/55.71, not the Texas84100 median; wage percentiles are not new-hire, grade, individual after-tax, or maximum income, and OEWS salaried wages exclude self-employed agriculture and private households.
2026-10-03
Referenced separately by real main business and legal-person population conditions, and cannot be this occupation's precise wages or employment projection.
The two aliases share one statistical source and are not independent evidence.
National Bureau of Statistics
Chinese mainland
2025 urban unit wages
official statistical release
2025 manufacturing and transportation, warehousing, and postal services urban unit multi-occupation pre-tax annual average
Independently verified GB2511 crude oil processing and petroleum products belong to manufacturing, and 5710/5720 independent pipeline transport and 5941 oil and gas storage belong to transportation, warehousing, and postal services; verified by the employer's real main business and the urban related legal-person population of 5 or more, 2025 manufacturing non-private 113594 / private 76055 and transportation, warehousing, and postal services 133981/73133 RMB pre-tax annual average, covering many occupations and not this occupation, not averaged together and not converted to monthly take-home pay. Refinery in-house pump stations and tanks are not an independent transport main business, the self-employed and freelance are excluded, and extraction employers are verified separately and cannot be fitted to the former petroleum engineering mining basis.
2026-10-03
Retains the stable ID and corrects the mislabelled publisher and research object.
Same source as the ON materials for this occupation, not independent research.
O*NET / U.S. Department of Labor
United States
2026 occupation summary
official occupation summary
United States 51-8093 occupation summary
The actual URL is a United States occupational summary, not a Chinese occupational classification, an enterprise AI use survey, or Microsoft research, and cannot prove the corresponding claims.
2026-10-03
Actually verified Articles 4, 5, 6, and 13, and not all processing can be called a single consent basis.
Equipment control and production confidentiality permission are verified separately per jurisdiction and organizational procedures.
Ministry of Industry and Information Technology of the People's Republic of China
Chinese mainland
Adopted in 2021; republished on the official page in 2022
official law
Lawful basis and purpose-limitation for personal information processing in China
Personal information such as personnel identity and contacts follows a lawful basis and minimum necessary scope; it is not all pure production data under PIPL, and it is not an equipment control licence.
2026-10-03
Use according to the material's own occupation, region, period, and measured object.
Not for real equipment operation or individual income forecasts.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
O*NET chemical plant operators adjacent occupation definition
The official page definition corresponds only to the labelled adjacent occupation; training, unit, media, appointment, and jurisdiction are verified separately, and it is not an automatic transfer qualification.
2026-10-03
Use according to the material's own occupation, region, period, and measured object.
Not for real equipment operation or individual income forecasts.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
O*NET gas plant operators adjacent occupation definition
The official page definition corresponds only to the labelled adjacent occupation; training, unit, media, appointment, and jurisdiction are verified separately, and it is not an automatic transfer qualification.
2026-10-03
Use according to the material's own occupation, region, period, and measured object.
Not for real equipment operation or individual income forecasts.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
O*NET oil and gas well pump operators adjacent occupation definition
The official page definition corresponds only to the labelled adjacent occupation; training, unit, media, appointment, and jurisdiction are verified separately, and it is not an automatic transfer qualification.
2026-10-03
This occupation's 24 tasks, RC, and R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0 actually verified.
Meters, flow, equipment, patrols, records, and maintenance follow specific field authorization, and a group interest does not predict individual performance.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official occupation profile
United States 51-8093 refinery unit, pumping, and tank gauging tasks and work context
An occupational group description, not measured AI results for this occupation or a specific work permit; the ON old 2024 employment and 2024—2034 projection are retained as history, and the current EP2025—2035 is verified separately.
2026-10-03
Potential exposure from Polish task data, worker surveys, and expert model assessment, not field measurement in this occupation.
The study's overall proportions cannot be changed into a 51-8093 independent substitution rate.
International Labour Organization
Global
2025 task exposure study
research report
Global generative AI potential task exposure study
ISCO task potential exposure is not this occupation's adoption, overall substitution, or individual unemployment.
2026-10-03
Tank T, pump P, product A, and A1—A5 are all editorial fiction.
The paper exercise contains no equipment operating parameters.
FermatMind
Fictional
Edited 2026-09-26
editorial scenario
Tank T, pump P, product A, and the A1—A5 completely fictional paper exercise and editorial advice
Work-based learning does not grant field equipment authority or constitute wage, employment, or AI evidence.
2026-10-03
This round verified the title and introduction, a voluntary cross-sectoral profile, without claiming full-text empirical results.
National Institute of Standards and Technology
United States
2024 risk materials
official guidance
Generative AI cross-scenario voluntary risk governance
2024 cross-scenario governance recommendations, not adoption, safety effects, or work permits in this occupation.
2026-10-03
This round verified the abstract and retained the 2023 research year and the correct method percentages; these are not independent results for this occupation.
Research paper authors
Research sample
2023 paper
research paper
United States tasks and LLM potential impact study
Task potential, not actual adoption, this occupation's substitution rate, or a time prediction.
2026-10-03
The introduction covers more than 1000 employers, more than 1400 ten-thousand workers, 22 industries, and 55 economies, not an independent sample for this occupation.
World Economic Forum
Global
2025 report
survey report
2025—2030 employer expectations survey
Cross-industry employer expectations, not Chinese demand for this occupation, measured AI adoption, or unemployment probability.
2026-10-03
This occupation's 24 tasks, RC, and R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0 actually verified.
Meters, flow, equipment, patrols, records, and maintenance follow specific field authorization, and a group interest does not predict individual performance.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official occupation profile
United States 51-8093 refinery unit, pumping, and tank gauging tasks and work context
An occupational group description, not measured AI results for this occupation or a specific work permit; the ON old 2024 employment and 2024—2034 projection are retained as history, and the current EP2025—2035 is verified separately.
2026-10-03
Use according to the material's own occupation, region, period, and measured object.
Not for real equipment operation or individual income forecasts.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
O*NET industrial machinery mechanics adjacent occupation definition
The official page definition corresponds only to the labelled adjacent occupation; training, unit, media, appointment, and jurisdiction are verified separately, and it is not an automatic transfer qualification.
2026-10-03
Referenced separately by real main business and legal-person population conditions, and cannot be this occupation's precise wages or employment projection.
The two aliases share one statistical source and are not independent evidence.
National Bureau of Statistics
Chinese mainland
2025 wages
official statistical release
2025 manufacturing and transportation, warehousing, and postal services urban unit multi-occupation pre-tax annual average
Independently verified GB2511 crude oil processing and petroleum products belong to manufacturing, and 5710/5720 independent pipeline transport and 5941 oil and gas storage belong to transportation, warehousing, and postal services; verified by the employer's real main business and the urban related legal-person population of 5 or more, 2025 manufacturing non-private 113594 / private 76055 and transportation, warehousing, and postal services 133981/73133 RMB pre-tax annual average, covering many occupations and not this occupation, not averaged together and not converted to monthly take-home pay. Refinery in-house pump stations and tanks are not an independent transport main business, the self-employed and freelance are excluded, and extraction employers are verified separately and cannot be fitted to the former petroleum engineering mining basis.
2026-10-03
The same BLS table alias, not multiple independent pieces of evidence.
The wage and employment populations differ, and the dash column means unavailable.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025—2035 projections
official projection table
United States 51-8093 independent occupation projections and typical education and training
Independently verified EP51-8093 independent occupation 2025 employment 32.9 to 32.3 thousand in 2035, net decline 0.6 thousand, 1.9% decrease, and 2.7 thousand average annual openings including replacement separations; each column rounds independently, the self-employed dash means unavailable rather than zero, and the typical requirement is a high school diploma or equivalent with no uniform related experience and medium-term on-the-job training; none of this is AI adoption, substitution, individual unemployment, or Chinese demand.
2026-10-03
Actually uses the st=TX page United States national line and does not take the Texas median.
No verifiable line is presented for industry segment medians, so the official gap is retained.
O*NET OnLine citing BLS
United States
May 2025 wages
official wage distribution
2025 United States national 51-8093 salaried wage percentiles
The actual O*NET Texas page United States national 2025 five-level annual pay is 57110/77510/96710/106320/115880 dollars, hourly 27.46/37.27/46.50/51.12/55.71, not the Texas84100 median; wage percentiles are not new-hire, grade, individual after-tax, or maximum income, and OEWS salaried wages exclude self-employed agriculture and private households.
2026-10-03
Retains the stable ID and corrects the mislabelled publisher and research object.
Same source as the ON materials for this occupation, not independent research.
O*NET / U.S. Department of Labor
United States
2026 occupation summary
official occupation summary
United States 51-8093 occupation summary
The actual URL is a United States occupational summary, not a Chinese occupational classification, an enterprise AI use survey, or Microsoft research, and cannot prove the corresponding claims.
2026-10-03
Retains the stable ID and corrects the mislabelled publisher and research object.
Same source as the ON materials for this occupation, not independent research.
O*NET / U.S. Department of Labor
United States
2026 occupation summary
official occupation summary
United States 51-8093 occupation summary
The actual URL is a United States occupational summary, not a Chinese occupational classification, an enterprise AI use survey, or Microsoft research, and cannot prove the corresponding claims.
2026-10-03
Actually uses the st=TX page United States national line and does not take the Texas median.
No verifiable line is presented for industry segment medians, so the official gap is retained.
O*NET OnLine citing BLS
United States
May 2025 wages
official wage distribution
2025 United States national 51-8093 salaried wage percentiles
The actual O*NET Texas page United States national 2025 five-level annual pay is 57110/77510/96710/106320/115880 dollars, hourly 27.46/37.27/46.50/51.12/55.71, not the Texas84100 median; wage percentiles are not new-hire, grade, individual after-tax, or maximum income, and OEWS salaried wages exclude self-employed agriculture and private households.
2026-10-03
This occupation's 24 tasks, RC, and R86/C68/I24/E21/S6/A0 actually verified.
Meters, flow, equipment, patrols, records, and maintenance follow specific field authorization, and a group interest does not predict individual performance.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official occupation profile
United States 51-8093 refinery unit, pumping, and tank gauging tasks and work context
An occupational group description, not measured AI results for this occupation or a specific work permit; the ON old 2024 employment and 2024—2034 projection are retained as history, and the current EP2025—2035 is verified separately.
2026-10-03
The actual PDF28 body text 22 crude oil processing and petroleum products; PDF67 body text 61 pipeline transport and oil and gas storage.
The industry classification does not provide this occupation's wages, and in-house roles follow the employer's main business.
National Bureau of Statistics
Chinese mainland
GB/T4754—2017 and official page updates
official industry classification
GB2511 manufacturing, 5710/5720/5941 transportation and warehousing
Independently verified GB2511 crude oil processing and petroleum products belong to manufacturing, and 5710/5720 independent pipeline transport and 5941 oil and gas storage belong to transportation, warehousing, and postal services; verified by the employer's real main business and the urban related legal-person population of 5 or more, 2025 manufacturing non-private 113594 / private 76055 and transportation, warehousing, and postal services 133981/73133 RMB pre-tax annual average, covering many occupations and not this occupation, not averaged together and not converted to monthly take-home pay. Refinery in-house pump stations and tanks are not an independent transport main business, the self-employed and freelance are excluded, and extraction employers are verified separately and cannot be fitted to the former petroleum engineering mining basis.
2026-10-03
Bachelor's degree in related chemical and materials majors and the group's foreign language requirements.
The original posting supports only the corresponding campus recruitment and does not prove current remaining openings.
Hebei University of Technology careers website
Chinese mainland
Notice of 2026-09-15; open to 2027 or eligible 2026 graduates
official recruitment notice
Jilin Province refining and chemical production technology skilled position, 75 bachelor's degree holders
The 4500—6000 yuan period is not stated and is not this occupation's national wage; the complete unit, shift, and pay composition conditions are still missing.
2026-10-03
Daqing Ranghulu manufacturing main business, production front-line shift work, and acceptance of assignment.
Graduation education, major, foreign language, and academic conditions follow the role and cannot automatically grant equipment rights.
Jilin University careers website
Chinese mainland
Notice of 2026-09-10; planned registration from September 9 to October 15
official recruitment notice
22 production operator positions for associate or vocational college and bachelor's degree holders; 20 technical skilled positions and other roles
Pay is described only as a system with no figures, and multiple roles are not this occupation's overall distribution; AI interviews are not production AI adoption.
2026-10-03
Full-process control of conveying and treating water or wastewater
Media, equipment, training, appointment, and jurisdictional requirements are verified separately.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
Full-process control of conveying and treating water or wastewater
An adjacent definition only, not this occupation's tasks or wages, or automatic mutual recognition of qualifications.
2026-10-03
Specific production equipment that causes chemical changes
Media, equipment, training, appointment, and jurisdictional requirements are verified separately.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
Specific production equipment that causes chemical changes
An adjacent definition only, not this occupation's tasks or wages, or automatic mutual recognition of qualifications.
2026-10-03
Formally and directly supervises and coordinates production employees, excluding general team or work leaders
Media, equipment, training, appointment, and jurisdictional requirements are verified separately.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
Formally and directly supervises and coordinates production employees, excluding general team or work leaders
An adjacent definition only, not this occupation's tasks or wages, or automatic mutual recognition of qualifications.
2026-10-03
Measurement of defects and specifications in non-agricultural raw materials, products, and parts, not limited to the laboratory
Media, equipment, training, appointment, and jurisdictional requirements are verified separately.
O*NET OnLine
United States
2026 occupation profile
official adjacent occupation profile
Measurement of defects and specifications in non-agricultural raw materials, products, and parts, not limited to the laboratory
An adjacent definition only, not this occupation's tasks or wages, or automatic mutual recognition of qualifications.
2026-10-03