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SOC 47-2141
Protect the site per the work order, clean, patch, and sand the substrate, and after choosing the coating apply it with a brush, roller, or spray gun, then inspect adhesion, coverage, and surface quality and clean up and hand over.
Model impact index for three equally weighted representative core tasks; not a measured share of working time or a job-loss probability. floor((25+0+0)/3+0.5)=8; fermatmind-ai-impact-v1; 2026-10-18.
If you enjoy substrate preparation and surface work, can control masking, coatings, and drying per the material instructions, and follow height and coating safety procedures, you can learn more about the position.
Insufficient evidence: a nationwide same-scope wage distribution for painters in China was not obtained; the construction industry average is not this occupation's wage. The core of this job is substrate preparation and coating application: first mask, clean, patch, and sand, then brush, roll, or spray, and finally inspect the surface and hand it over.
Suited to people who are willing to work hands-on on walls, equipment, or other structural surfaces and can follow work orders, coating instructions, and quality standards.
Painters, Construction and Maintenance coat structural surfaces such as walls, equipment, buildings, and bridges; they clean and patch the substrate per the work order, mask, prime, brush, roll, or spray, and inspect quality.
O*NET 47-2141.00: paints walls, equipment, buildings, bridges, and other structural surfaces with brushes, rollers, and spray guns, and may first remove old coatings and match colors.
Settings include residential and commercial buildings, facility maintenance, and structural surfaces; indoor versus outdoor work, old coatings, scaffolding, and coating types affect safety requirements.
Career direction comparison
Floor layers focus on installing materials, while painters focus on surface cleaning, priming, and topcoating.
| Career direction | Core work and output | Key differences | Best-fit choice |
|---|---|---|---|
| Painters, Construction and Maintenance. | Substrate preparation, coating application, and surface maintenance. | This occupation prepares and coats structural surfaces such as buildings and equipment and produces protective or decorative coatings that meet the work order; it differs from furniture fabrication or continuous equipment spraying. | Suited to people who are willing to prepare substrates, follow material instructions, complete coating and quality inspection on site, and carry out height and old-paint safety procedures. |
| Coating machine operator. | Operates continuous spray or coating equipment. |
AI impact on this career
Editorial candidate: area measurement, material estimation, work order organization, and defect prompts can be explored as assistance; there is no evidence yet on on-site accuracy or adoption for this occupation, and the real substrate, material compatibility, safety, and acceptance are still reviewed by people. AI Impact Score 8% is an editorial estimate. Model impact index for three equally weighted representative core tasks; not a measured share of working time or a job-loss probability. floor((25+0+0)/3+0.5)=8; fermatmind-ai-impact-v1; 2026-10-18.The three tasks, ratings and sources are listed in the FermatMind method source record on this page.
FermatMind AI Impact Score estimation method v1
FermatMind / 费马测试 · 2026-10-18
Editorial ratings use the existing occupational responsibilities and AI task analysis on this page. They are not adoption rates, measured effects, job-disappearance or personal-unemployment probabilities, or official scores from Stanford or another external institution. No measured time weights or future robot deployment are assumed.
Chinese mainland salary reference
Chinese mainland salaries must be verified separately by position title, equipment or business scope, region, shifts, experience, and employer scope.
Industry average wages cannot be rewritten as this occupation's median, percentiles, starting pay, or personal take-home income.
Insufficient evidence: Chinese mainland currently has no nationwide occupational wage distribution corresponding one-to-one with 47-2141, and the construction industry average cannot be taken as a painter's median, starting pay, or take-home income.
2025 pre-tax annual average for construction legal-person units, not an individual monthly salary.
The actual employer industry, region, contract, and project are verified separately.
U.S. wages and employment.
2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 employment 326,900 people; over 2025—2035 overall growth 3.0%, a net increase of 9,800 people, and annual average openings of 24,900 including replacements.；The 2025 median hourly wage for U.S. O*NET 47-2141.00 is 23.75 U.S. dollars and the annual wage is 49,400 U.S. dollars.
| Wage statistical scope. | Annual wage reference. | Pay boundaries. | Explanation. |
|---|---|---|---|
| Median level obtained. | $49,400 | Not converted. | States only the median annual wage fact, not starting pay or a personal quote.；Historical scope: U.S. 2024 employment in this precise occupation was about 342,200 people, not the current hiring count. Current BLS precise 47-2141 employment in 2025 is 326,900 people; changes cannot be computed across the two bases. |
| Usage boundaries of national percentiles. | The 2025 percentiles for this occupation were obtained. | Not provided. |
Career fit guide.
Fit looks at the actual performance of substrate judgment, masking, coating evenness, quality inspection, and height and coating safety.
Substrate preparation.： First mask, patch, and sand.
Coating control.： If you are unwilling to wait for material intervals or you still work when old paint, height, and ventilation conditions have not been verified, first verify the position's safety responsibility.
Safety review.： First use public work orders to list the substrate, materials, and unknown conditions; teaching board actions follow the trainee's instructions and do not involve unknown old paint, height, or spraying.
Work pressure, risks, and occupational boundaries.
Risks involve falls, old-paint dust, spray mist, flammable solvents, skin and eye contact, and substrate quality respectively.
O*NET provides only task and work-context background; U.S. EPA RRP generally targets paid renovation, repair, and painting projects that disturb coatings in housing built before 1978 and in child-occupied facilities, requires the corresponding certified training, and has exceptions, so it is not the rule for all old paint or for Chinese projects. The controls and consequences are editorial summaries with no incidence rate for this occupation.
Typical scenario：Going up when ladder or scaffold conditions are unverified.
Roles most affected：Personnel working at height.
Possible consequence：May cause fall injuries.
How to reduce risk：
Entry, qualifications, and career development.
First learn masking, filling, sanding, priming, and brushing and rolling on teaching boards, then take part in real work under employer supervision.
Career outlook and related occupational transitions.
Historical: O*NET precise 47-2141 was projected to grow 3%—4% over 2024—2034. The current BLS precise 47-2141 is projected to grow 3.0% over 2025—2035, a net increase of 9,800 people, from 326,900 employed in 2025 to 336,700 in 2035; overall projections are not an AI replacement rate.
Historical 2024—2034 annual average of 28,100 job openings including turnover. The current 2025—2035 annual average of 24,900 openings includes growth and replacements and cannot be taken as the net increase of 9,800 people or the current hiring volume. · O*NET 47-2141.00 precise occupation.
326,900 people.
Precise occupational employment.
Changes in coatings and tools can change the application method, but on-site substrate, coating quality, and safety judgments still require people to be responsible.
Mask per the work order, clean, patch, and sand the substrate, prime and brush, roll, or spray, inspect the coating, and hand over.
This occupation targets structural surfaces such as buildings and equipment; furniture fabrication or wallpaper installation have different objects and materials.
Choose a real task from this page for a small practice project or a conversation with someone in the field. Use the planning guides to set a date, an output and feedback questions before deciding whether to continue.
Choose carefully if you cannot accept prolonged standing, ladder and scaffold work, or dust and coating exposure, or if you would skip fall protection and ventilation measures.
Non-hazardous coating teaching boards can be used to practice masking, patching, priming, and coating inspection; real old paint and work at height must be handled by trained personnel per procedures.
Verifiable outputs include complete masking, level surfaces, coating coverage and appearance meeting standards, material usage, and rework records.
The 2025 U.S. median annual wage for this occupation is 49,400 U.S. dollars; employment 326,900 people. Over 2025—2035 overall growth is 3.0%, a net increase of 9,800 people, and annual average openings of 24,900 including replacements, which does not represent AI replacement or individual job-loss probability.
| Dimension | Primary track | Comparison track |
|---|---|---|
| Occupation code. | O*NET 47-2141.00 | U.S. precise occupation. |
| Work object. | Building and structural surfaces. | Includes equipment and bridges, among others. |
| Core process. | Masking, patching, sanding, coating. | Inspect the coating and hand over. |
| U.S. median annual wage. | $49,400（2025） | U.S. national occupational data. |
| 2025 employed. | 326,900 people. | U.S. 2025 precise occupational stock. |
| Projected growth. | 2025—2035 growth 3.0%; net increase of 9,800 people. | U.S. overall employment projection, not an AI effect. |
| Annual average openings. | About 24,900 per year. | 2025—2035, includes growth and turnover replacements. |
Read the work order and verify the surface, color, coating, and scope of work.
Lay masking materials to protect nearby furniture, floors, and equipment.
Clean, scrape loose coating, patch cracks, and sand the substrate.
Prime, mix coatings, and brush, roll, or spray per the material instructions.
Painters, Construction and Maintenance can use tools to assist with organizing information, but real adoption, authority, result release, and anomaly escalation still need to be verified by responsible people.
Investigate old-paint risk first.
Protect adjacent components.
Do not practice at height.
Recoat intervals and ventilation.
Real work is supervised.
| Mainly machine parameters and production lines. |
| Prefers equipment operation. |
| Furniture surface finisher. | Handles appearance coatings for wood furniture. | The object is furniture rather than building structures. | Prefers woodwork detail. |
|---|
| Drywall installer. | Installs drywall and ceilings. | Produces wall panels and structures. | Prefers installation work. |
|---|
| Paperhanger. | Applies wallpaper materials to walls. | The methods and coating systems differ. | Prefers wallpaper installation. |
|---|
| Painter helper. | Prepares materials and assists on site. | Usually assists under supervision. | Prefers to learn the site basics first. |
|---|
The final output of this occupation is a protective coating on building or equipment surfaces; masons mainly build block structures.
Compare the final output, materials, and safety training.
Can organize area and quantities.
Verify color and adhesion.
Judge by the project's actual results.
| Work area | Task | Current change | Human control point |
|---|---|---|---|
| Work order verification. | Confirm surface, coating, and color. | Organize requirements. | Verify the project scope. |
| Masking protection. | Cover adjacent components. | Generate a checklist. | Confirm the site is intact. |
| Substrate patching. | Fill cracks and holes. | Prompt material data. | Identify old-paint risk. |
| Sand and prime. | Treat the surface for adhesion. | Prompt the step intervals. | Verify the substrate and ventilation. |
| Brushing, rolling, spraying. | Form an even coating. | Organize parameter suggestions. | Follow spray protection. |
| Quality inspection. | Check for missed coating, sagging, and color differences. | Image defect prompts. | Review under on-site lighting. |
| Delivery cleanup. | Clean tools and record rework. | Organize the work order draft. | Verify the actual results. |
O*NET provides task context for this occupation; the tool uses below are editorial extrapolations whose on-site effect has not been verified. BLS overall employment projections do not support AI adoption, replacement, or individual job-loss probability.
Material suggestions must be verified by on-site measurement and mock-ups.
AI primarily changesSummarize area and quantities.
Human responsibility remainsMeasure on site and verify waste.
AI primarily changesIdentify crack or color-difference candidates.
Human responsibility remainsInspect under real lighting and on real surfaces.
AI primarily changesOrganize materials, labor hours, and steps.
Human responsibility remainsVerify scope, safety, and client confirmation.
Verify the work order, substrate, product data, and on-site risks, then organize the work.
Confirm the scope of work.
Check old paint and moisture.
Verify coating suitability.
Verify ladders, ventilation, and protection.
Record defects and rework.
Errors in area or waste estimates can cause planning deviations.
Control: Measure on site and record the basis for the waste allowance.
Images cannot confirm coating composition or project applicability rules.
Control: For unknown old paint, stop disturbing it first and hand it to the responsible person for verification.
Product and substrate incompatibility can affect adhesion.
Control: Verify the product technical data and the sample.
A tool list does not prove that on-site ladder and scaffold protection is adequate.
Control: Verify ladder and scaffold protection with the project safety lead.
Automated images may miss on-site quality defects.
Control: The responsible person accepts per the work order, materials, and sample.
Editorial candidate use (on-site effect or adoption rate not verified): image analysis can flag cracks, missed coating, or color differences, but lighting, substrate, and coating dryness affect the judgment.
Editorial candidate use (on-site effect or adoption rate not verified): automatically generated quotes and schedules must match the measurements, materials, labor hours, and site conditions.
Assistance with a single documentation task does not equal job replacement; O*NET does not provide enterprise AI adoption rates.
First use tools to organize work orders and quantities, then verify through on-site measurement, mock-ups, and employer safety and quality processes.
No; investigate per the project first.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
Must be re-measured on site.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
Requires real lighting and a sample.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
Trained personnel verify per the product data.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
Must follow on-site safety procedures.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
The available materials are insufficient to infer it.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
Carry out per the project acceptance duties.
Source: Editorial verification suggestion; O*NET provides only task context.Original source ↗
Cross-material or equipment directions require adding the target process and safety training.
Construction employers may refer to the official construction industry average; job training, project duties, and specific pay are still verified against the posting and the contract.
| Position direction. | Data status. | Explanation. |
|---|---|---|
| Position name. | Construction painting and maintenance positions. | Verify the substrate and coating duties. |
| Job training. | Employer coaching and safety training. | Height and old-paint requirements are verified separately. |
| Project scope. | Residential, commercial, or facility maintenance. | Indoor and outdoor risks differ. |
| Income structure. | Region, hours, and project type. | Postings and contracts govern. |
For salary judgments, return to verifying the specific city, employer, position level, and public job posting terms.
Verify indoor or outdoor work and materials.
Verify patching and handoffs.
Verify height and anti-corrosion requirements.
To compare positions, keep the job postings, region, and time, and verify whether they truly correspond to this occupation.
| National wage percentiles are not regional project quotes.；The median wage is not starting pay, a quote, or a personal income guarantee, and must not be converted into Chinese wages. |
| National wage percentiles. | $37,440／44,640／49,400／61,660／78,810 | Not provided. | The actual wage table for this occupation has been completed, without interpolation.；The BLS OEWS 2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 wages shown by O*NET were obtained: 10th/25th/50th/75th/90th percentile annual wages of 37,440/44,640/49,400/61,660/78,810 U.S. dollars, corresponding to hourly wages of 18.00/21.46/23.75/29.65/37.89 U.S. dollars. Percentiles are not seniority levels or starting pay; do not convert them into Chinese wages. |
|---|
Salary 10th percentile.：$37,440；BLS OEWS 2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 annual wages； percentiles are not starting pay or seniority levels.
Salary 25th percentile.：$44,640；BLS OEWS 2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 annual wages； percentiles are not starting pay or seniority levels.
Salary median.：$49,400；BLS OEWS 2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 annual wages； percentiles are not starting pay or seniority levels.
Salary 75th percentile.：$61,660；BLS OEWS 2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 annual wages； percentiles are not starting pay or seniority levels.
Salary 90th percentile.：$78,810；BLS OEWS 2025 U.S. precise 47-2141 annual wages； percentiles are not starting pay or seniority levels.
The median wage is not starting pay, and it is not a personal income promise.；Region, hours, project type, employer, and height or old-paint tasks change the actual position conditions.
The 2025 wage percentiles were obtained; the employment history and the current period are presented separately.；Wages use 2025; the older 2024 employment and the 2024—2034 projection are kept as history. The current precise BLS occupation is 326,900 people in 2025 and 336,700 in 2035, with 2025—2035 overall growth of 3.0%, a net increase of 9,800 people, and annual average openings of 24,900 including replacements. Overall projections do not prove AI adoption, replacement, individual job-loss risk, or Chinese demand.
It is occupational employment stock, not current hiring volume.
The overall net increase of 9,800 people and the annual average of 24,900 openings including replacements are kept separate; they cannot be taken as AI adoption, replacement, individual job-loss, or Chinese demand projections.
| Employer scenarios. | Data status. | How to understand. |
|---|---|---|
| Building construction. | Verify the specific position. | Projects and seasons differ. |
| Facility maintenance. | Verify the specific position. | Patching and work-hour arrangements differ. |
| Structural protection. | Verify the specific position. | Height and coating requirements differ. |
| Other employers. | Verify the specific position. | The national median is not a personal offer. |
Verify the actual offer and hours.
Verify old-paint, height, and coating tasks.
Verify spraying, quality, and rework responsibility.
BLS precise 47-2141, the 2025 employment stock, projected at 336,700 in 2035； not a hiring count.
U.S. overall employment projection, not an AI adoption or replacement projection.
2025—2035 annual average openings include growth and turnover replacements, not the net increase.
Interest assessments cannot prove safety capability for height, old paint, or spraying.
Prefers hands-on work, observing surface defects, and completing visible results.
How can Holland occupational interests be used to explore construction and maintenance painting work?
Explore interest in substrates, coatings, and hands-on application; do not judge safety qualifications from a scale.
Do not use it this way: Cannot replace samples or safety training.
Explore occupational interests.How can the Big Five personality be used to explore construction and maintenance painting work?
Reflect on careful habits in masking, material intervals, and rework records; use coaching observation.
Do not use it this way: Cannot replace samples or safety training.
Understand personality traits.How can MBTI preferences be used to explore construction and maintenance painting work?
Record process, hands-on, and client communication preferences; the type does not determine painting ability.
Do not use it this way: Cannot replace samples or safety training.
Explore occupational interests.How can the Enneagram be used to explore construction and maintenance painting work?
Can reflect on rush pressure or color-difference challenges; the type does not replace on-site feedback.
Do not use it this way: Cannot replace samples or safety training.
Understand personality traits.How can cognitive ability assessments be used to explore construction and maintenance painting work?
Observe the understanding of area, mix ratios, and data; online scores do not replace material and process training.
Do not use it this way: Cannot replace samples or safety training.
Explore occupational interests.How can emotion and communication self-assessment be used to explore construction and maintenance painting work?
Focus on confirming scope and explaining rework and safety stoppages; communication self-assessment does not replace work feedback.
Do not use it this way: Cannot replace samples or safety training.
Understand personality traits.Fits better when: If you prefer the specific tasks of this direction, you can further observe: surface defects, material and quality records.
Watch for: Add machine feeding, parameters, coating inspection, and equipment protection; do not carry over construction authority.
Explore related career: Coating machine operator.Fits better when: If you prefer the specific tasks of this direction, you can further observe: surface preparation, color and coating observation.
Watch for: Add wood repair, staining, furniture finishing, and tool safety.
Explore related career: Furniture surface finisher.Fits better when: If you prefer the specific tasks of this direction, you can further observe: dimension measurement, wall surfaces, and on-site collaboration.
Watch for: Add panel installation, fastening, ceilings, and height safety methods.
Explore related career: Drywall and ceiling installer.Fits better when: If you prefer the specific tasks of this direction, you can further observe: wall substrate, masking, and appearance inspection.
Watch for: Add wallpaper cutting and pattern matching, adhesive joints, and installation methods.
Explore related career: Paperhanger.Fits better when: If you prefer the specific tasks of this direction, you can further observe: material preparation, cleaning, and on-site communication.
Watch for: Verify the assistant duties and supervisory boundaries; assistant training cannot grant independent work or acceptance.
Explore related career: Painter helper.Fits better when: If you prefer the specific tasks of this direction, you can further observe: substrate identification, materials, and quality records.
Watch for: Add mortar and plaster mixing, forming and curing, and the corresponding protection.
Explore related career: Plasterer.Practice with teaching boards.
Verify priming and the intervals.
Make a sample and review it.
Escalate per on-site procedures.
Keep work orders and photos.
Cannot be granted automatically; verify the local area, project equipment, and safety training authorization.
U.S. RRP is generally limited to paid coating-disturbance projects in covered housing built before 1978 and in child-occupied facilities, has exceptions, and cannot be taken as a general Chinese rule.
Lighting, substrate, and dryness differ, so a sample and on-site standards are needed for review.
Furniture processes can be explored, with wood, staining, coating, and equipment protection added separately.
Verify the scope of work, coatings, indoor or outdoor work, old-paint investigation, height, hours, and quality handoff responsibility.
Evidence：O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions. · O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions.
Typical scenario：Old coatings of unknown composition being scraped and sanded directly.
Roles most affected：Workers and building users.
Possible consequence：May cause hazardous dust exposure.
How to reduce risk：For unknown composition, stop disturbing it and report, and verify the applicable investigation and handling requirements.
Evidence：EPA lead-based old paint RRP scope. · EPA lead-based old paint RRP scope.
Typical scenario：Spraying without verifying the materials and the ventilation protection.
Roles most affected：Sprayers and others on site.
Possible consequence：May increase inhalation exposure.
How to reduce risk：Operated by trained personnel per the SDS, ventilation, and respiratory protection procedures.
Evidence：O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions. · O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions.
Typical scenario：Ignition-source control not verified when storing and mixing solvent-based coatings.
Roles most affected：Workers and nearby personnel.
Possible consequence：Fire may occur and affect people.
How to reduce risk：Control ignition sources and storage per the material instructions and the project's flammable-materials procedures.
Evidence：O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions. · O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions.
Typical scenario：Inadequate contact protection for cleaning fluids or coatings.
Roles most affected：People handling the materials.
Possible consequence：May cause skin or eye irritation injuries.
How to reduce risk：Verify contact protection per the SDS, and handle anomalies by stopping work per procedures.
Evidence：O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions. · O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions.
Typical scenario：Topcoating when the substrate is damp or uncleaned or the interval does not match.
Roles most affected：Workers, clients, and acceptors.
Possible consequence：May cause poor adhesion, blistering, or rework.
How to reduce risk：Verify the technical data, site conditions, and sample, and do not self-accept unresolved items.
Evidence：O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions. · O*NET task context; the controls are editorial suggestions.
| career.column.stage | career.column.task | career.column.boundary | career.column.evidence | career.column.next |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Career exploration. | Identify substrates and coatings with teaching boards. | No contact with old paint or work at height. | Surface inspection and material list. | Learn masking and patching. |
| Coaching preparation. | Masking, filling, sanding, and priming. | Work per supervision and material instructions. | Sample boards and process records. | Learn coating application. |
| Entry-level application. | Brushing, rolling, and spot patching. | Height work or spraying requires additional training. | Coverage and appearance inspection. | Learn quality review. |
| Skilled application. | Organize substrate preparation and coating steps. | Handle anomalies per project authority. | Work order, material, and rework records. | Develop into a core member of the crew. |
| Crew coordination. | Schedule progress and quality handoffs. | Does not replace professional safety and acceptance duties. | Defects and handoff results. | Continuously learn new materials. |
Clarify the substrate, old paint, coating, work at height, and quality standards.
Record masking, patching, priming, topcoating, and defect inspection.
| career.column.scenario | career.column.action | career.column.review | career.column.evidence |
|---|---|---|---|
| Damp substrate. | Pause coating and verify moisture content and the cause. | Confirm the conditions permitted by the technical data. | Moisture readings and site photos. |
| Unknown old paint. | Stop scraping and sanding and report. | Assess lead and other hazards. | Investigation and disposal records. |
| Missing height protection. | Do not go up; escalate. | Verify scaffolding and fall protection. | Pre-shift checklist. |
| Coating sagging. | Check the mix ratio, tools, and application method. | Review the sample and the drying conditions. | Defect photos and rework records. |
Practice on teaching boards and record by step; no contact with real old paint or work at height.
| career.column.state | career.column.proof | career.column.authority | career.column.condition | career.column.gap | career.column.owner | career.column.next |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Foundational training. | Complete substrate and coating learning. | Employer training arrangement. | Teaching environment. | Real work pending verification. | Coach. | Record practice. |
| Routine brushing and rolling. | Masking, priming, and topcoating samples. | Project lead. | Apply per the product data. | Spraying skills to be added. | Crew lead. | Operate under supervision. |
| Ladders and height. | Fall protection and equipment inspection records. | Authorized personnel. | Meet the project safety conditions. | No work at height without training. | Safety lead. | Arrange training. |
| Old paint handling. | Investigation and handling plan. | Project and regulatory responsible parties. | Per local rules. | Do not scrape or sand unknown composition. | Project lead. | Confirm the hazard first. |
| Spray operations. | Equipment and respiratory protection training. | Authorized personnel. | Ventilation and material instructions. | Do not spray without authorization. | Crew lead. | Supervisory review. |
| Quality handoff. | Surface, thickness, and defect records. | Project acceptance personnel. | Meets the work order requirements. | Rework items pending closure. | Quality lead. | Record the handoff. |
Typical scope：In approved observation or simulation, learn the inputs, deliverables, and responsibilities of foundational learning without independently handling real objects.
Readiness evidence：Observation notes, input lists, and unknowns.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：Practice foundational learning during job training and supervision, verifying original inputs and recording feedback and anomalies.
Readiness evidence：Supervisory feedback, checklists, and correction records.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：After completing training and obtaining the corresponding authorization, take on foundational learning responsibilities and keep execution and handoff records; height, old paint, spraying, and project acceptance authority are verified separately.
Readiness evidence：Corresponding training authorization, task records, and recipients.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：Within the corresponding responsibilities, review complex anomalies in foundational learning and improve handoffs; verify capability and authority separately before taking on new tasks.
Readiness evidence：Anomaly review and revision feedback; does not automatically expand authority.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：In approved observation or simulation, learn the inputs, deliverables, and responsibilities of supervised work without independently handling real objects.
Readiness evidence：Observation notes, input lists, and unknowns.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：Practice supervised work during job training and supervision, verifying original inputs and recording feedback and anomalies.
Readiness evidence：Supervisory feedback, checklists, and correction records.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：After completing training and obtaining the corresponding authorization, take on supervised work responsibilities and keep execution and handoff records; height, old paint, spraying, and project acceptance authority are verified separately.
Readiness evidence：Corresponding training authorization, task records, and recipients.
Verify height and coating safety training.
Typical scope：In approved observation or simulation, learn the inputs, deliverables, and responsibilities of skilled work and development without independently handling real objects.
Readiness evidence：Observation notes, input lists, and unknowns.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：Practice skilled work and development during job training and supervision, verifying original inputs and recording feedback and anomalies.
Readiness evidence：Supervisory feedback, checklists, and correction records.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：After completing training and obtaining the corresponding authorization, take on skilled work and development responsibilities and keep execution and handoff records; height, old paint, spraying, and project acceptance authority are verified separately.
Readiness evidence：Corresponding training authorization, task records, and recipients.
Start from substrate preparation and brushing and rolling, then progressively learn spraying, old-paint risk, quality inspection, and crew coordination; prove capability with verifiable samples and work orders.
Verify with teaching samples, on-site coaching, and rework records.
Verify with teaching samples, on-site coaching, and rework records.
Verify with teaching samples, on-site coaching, and rework records.
Does not establish：Adjacent directions that can be compared include spray machine operation, furniture surface finishing, or drywall installation; the target materials and safety training must be added separately.
United States. · O*NET 47-2141.00 precise occupation.
Growth 3.0%; net increase 9,800 people; annual average 24,900 openings including replacements.
Growth and annual average openings.
U.S. overall occupational projections; does not prove AI adoption, replacement, or individual layoffs; not hiring for a specific project.
Does not establish：Cannot be extrapolated to individual hiring probability or Chinese demand.
Chinese mainland. · Chinese positions cannot be directly matched.
No data that can be safely used at present.
Same-scope projections.
The NBS wage tables provide a broad construction industry wage reference and do not provide a Chinese employment projection for this occupation.
Does not establish：Cannot be extrapolated to individual hiring probability or Chinese demand.
These are capability relationships, not automatic promotions or credential waivers.
Transfers：Surface defects, material and quality records.
Build next：Add machine feeding, parameters, coating inspection, and equipment protection; do not carry over construction authority.
View career profileTransfers：Surface preparation, color, and coating observation.
Build next：Add wood repair, staining, furniture finishing, and tool safety.
View career profileTransfers：Dimension measurement, wall surfaces, and on-site collaboration.
Build next：Add panel installation, fastening, ceilings, and height safety methods.
View career profileTransfers：Wall substrate, masking, and appearance inspection.
Build next：Add wallpaper cutting and pattern matching, adhesive joints, and installation methods.
View career profileTransfers：Material preparation, cleaning, and on-site communication.
Build next：Verify the assistant duties and supervisory boundaries; assistant training cannot grant independent work or acceptance.
View career profileTransfers：Substrate identification, materials, and quality records.
Build next：Add mortar and plaster mixing, forming and curing, and the corresponding protection.
View career profileTransfers：On-site measurement, materials, and project handoffs.
Build next：Add roofing systems, waterproofing installation, and specialized fall-protection training.
View career profileTransfers：Work order measurement, material handling, and collaboration.
Build next：Add woodwork connection and installation, tool, and structural task training.
View career profileLikes hands-on substrate work and observing surface defects, and is willing to follow material instructions and on-site safety requirements.
No; area estimation, work order organization, and defect prompts must return to the real substrate, samples, and safety processes for verification.
Insufficient evidence: a nationwide same-scope wage distribution for painters in China was not obtained. The 2025 construction industry urban non-private 92,036 and private 66,275 yuan per year are both pre-tax industry averages covering all positions, not this occupation's median, starting pay, or take-home; they apply only to actual construction legal-person employers and exclude self-employed and freelance workers, while other maintenance and outsourcing are verified by the actual employer. Specific cities, projects, hours, and contracts must be verified separately.
The 2025 U.S. median for this occupation is 23.75 per hour and 49,400 U.S. dollars per year, and the quintiles have been obtained but are not starting pay. Precise BLS 47-2141 employed 326,900 people in 2025; over 2025—2035 overall growth is 3.0%, a net increase of 9,800, and annual average openings of 24,900 including replacements, not AI adoption, replacement, or individual job-loss probability. The older 2024 employment of 342,200 and the 2024—2034 materials are for historical reference only.
Falls from height, old-paint dust, spray or solvent exposure, and flammables must be controlled per site procedures.
First practice substrate work, masking, and brushing and rolling on teaching boards; real work at height, old paint, and spraying require the corresponding training and authorization.
Chinese and U.S. data are in separate columns and cannot be rewritten into each other.; AI inference is not evidence of real adoption.; Paper exercises do not constitute real practice or safety authorization.
Material verification: 2026-10-12.
O*NET 47-2141.00 precise occupational materials.
Limitations：Not an external adoption rate, replacement rate, or employment projection.
Limitations：For career exploration, not an individual fit diagnosis.
Limitations：Broad reference for actual construction legal-person employers only, not this occupation's wage distribution, starting pay, take-home, or self-employed contracting profit.
Limitations：U.S. work context does not replace Chinese safety regulations.
Limitations：The U.S. occupational definition does not establish Chinese entry requirements or a Chinese wage scope.
Limitations：Educational distribution does not equal a mandatory requirement for every employer.
Limitations：The common preparation path is not a uniform education or license threshold.
Limitations：Adjacent occupations still need to be verified against their own responsibilities and qualifications.
Limitations：Task samples do not mean every position performs all tasks.
Limitations：Employee wage distribution for precise 47-2141, not seniority levels, starting pay, self-employed contracting income, or Chinese wages.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：Employee wage distribution for precise 47-2141, not seniority levels, starting pay, self-employed contracting income, or Chinese wages.
Limitations：Use only for the stated O*NET occupation, US market and page subject. It does not establish a China mapping, China pay, or legal authorization.
Limitations：A U.S.-specific building and project rule that cannot be taken directly as a requirement for China or for all painting projects.
Limitations：Overall employment projections, not AI adoption, replacement, individual job-loss probability, current hiring, or Chinese demand.
Limitations：Editorial ratings use the existing occupational responsibilities and AI task analysis on this page. They are not adoption rates, measured effects, job-disappearance or personal-unemployment probabilities, or official scores from Stanford or another external institution. No measured time weights or future robot deployment are assumed.
The evidence supports only scope-level judgments about Painters, Construction and Maintenance in the labeled market and period; it does not constitute a guarantee of individual income, hiring, or fit.
Occupational interest and personality exploration. · Occupational interest and personality exploration. · Occupational interest and personality exploration. (Chinese) · Occupational interest and personality exploration. (Chinese)
Work at height and spraying require separate training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：Within the corresponding responsibilities, review complex anomalies in supervised work and improve handoffs; verify capability and authority separately before taking on new tasks.
Readiness evidence：Anomaly review and revision feedback; does not automatically expand authority.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
Typical scope：Within the corresponding responsibilities, review complex anomalies in skilled work and development and improve handoffs; verify capability and authority separately before taking on new tasks.
Readiness evidence：Anomaly review and revision feedback; does not automatically expand authority.
Credential boundary：Verify height and coating safety training.
Next moves：Add the target material and method skills.
