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Drywall and ceiling tile installers (U.S. side O*NET-SOC 47-2081.00, Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers) are the drywall and ceiling panel installation positions in building interior fit-out: they install paper-faced drywall or other wallboard to building ceilings or interior walls and install or secure acoustic tiles or blocks or strips or sheet vibration-damping material to ceilings and walls to damp or reflect sound and decorate rooms, and also secure wood or metal or rock wool lath to walls and ceilings or partitions as the supporting substrate for plaster or fire protection or acoustic material; the work includes studying the drawings and specifications to determine the installation method and sequence and materials and tools, measuring and laying out and marking according to the drawings, installing metal or wood studs and hangers and lath substrate and insulation and moisture barrier, cutting and assembling stud frames, hoisting and securing drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles, measuring and cutting openings for outlets and windows and air grilles and ducts and irregular and corner boards and trimming panel edges and providing expansion joints, installing frames and decorative trim and ceiling wires and angle grid, sealing ceiling-to-wall joints, coordinating joint treatment with the tapers, inspecting the verticality and levelness of suspension fittings and mechanical fasteners and masonry surfaces, and removing existing plaster or panels and cleaning up and closing out. U.S. definition: the BLS 2025 wage data median is 58,930 USD per year (28.33 USD per hour), with annual percentiles of 38,460 / 47,440 / 58,930 / 74,230 / 102,010 USD (hourly percentiles 18.49 / 22.81 / 28.33 / 35.69 / 49.04); the O*NET summary page gives 2024 employment of about 103,100, a 2024—2034 projection of 'average (Average, 3% to 4%)', and about 7,700 projected job openings (that source gives only the category and range rather than a single precise percentage, and this page follows the source wording); the preparation level is Job Zone 1-2 (SVP below 6.0), the education feedback is 42% less than high school graduation and 24% high school or equivalent and 19% postsecondary certificate (that page shows only these three, totaling 85%), the interest code is RC, and there are 24 tasks; the work context includes standing continuously 92%, continuous use of hands 83%, continuous contact with others 88%, exposure to heights every day 72%, continuous walking or running 78%, face-to-face discussions every day 68%, time pressure every day 52%, decision freedom 'very large' 54%, precision or accuracy 'extremely important' 37%, decisions every day 74%, wearing common protective or safety equipment every day 61%, responsibility for the health and safety of others 'very high responsibility' 45%, competition 'extremely fierce' 43%, continuous climbing of ladders or scaffolds 47%, continuous bending or twisting 52%, minor burns or cuts every day 34%, exposure to hazardous equipment 'every day' 20%, consequences of error 'extremely serious' 30%, continuous kneeling, squatting, bending, or crawling 31%, work hours 'regular' 94%, and automation level 'not automated at all' 55%. Mainland China definition: ceiling works should be carried out in accordance with the current national standard Standard for Construction Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration (GB 50210-2018) and this project's design documents (including material conformity certificates and performance test reports and incoming inspection records and retest reports and concealed works acceptance records and construction records; before installing studs, carry out handover inspection of the room's clear height and opening elevations and the elevations of pipes and equipment and their supports within the ceiling as required by the design; the hanger distance from the end of the main stud must not exceed 300mm and reverse bracing is provided when the hanger length exceeds 1500mm; heavy equipment and equipment with vibration loads must never be installed on the studs of ceiling works; a steel transfer layer is provided when the hanger length exceeds 2500mm); working at height should follow the Technical Code for Safety of Working at Height in Building Construction (JGJ 80) and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety (State Council Order No. 393) and the Work Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, with stable platforms and protection installed and protective equipment such as safety harnesses worn. The above is cited by standard and regulation name and verified key points, and article numbers were not verified one by one. This occupation has no unified access-type occupational qualification in mainland China. Public statistics have not established an occupation-level wage definition corresponding to this occupation, this page preserves the gap as it stands, and industry average wages serve only as a visible industry proxy.
Decision center: the work of drywall and ceiling tile installers is to turn these front-end conditions — drawings and design requirements, studs and hangers and substrates and suspension fittings, and panels and acoustic tiles and moisture-proof and insulation materials — into an interior finished product that can be hung, aligned, and held to joint and flatness and safety boundaries: first read the drawings and specifications to determine the installation method and sequence and materials and tools, then measure and lay out and install metal or wood studs and hangers and check the verticality and levelness of the substrate and suspension fittings, then cut and assemble the stud frame and hoist drywall or ceiling panels and secure them with adhesive and nails and screws, then measure and cut openings for outlets, windows, air grilles, ducts, irregular and corner boards and trim the panel edges to keep joints flush, then install window and door and air grille frames and decorative trim and seal the joints between ceiling panels and walls, and finally coordinate joint treatment with the tapers, check the studs and hangers and masonry surfaces and clean up and close out and report anomalies. The point of judgment is not 'can the panel be hung up' but whether every step of the chain — reading drawings, layout and framing, installation, opening and edging, and inspection and coordination — is accurate, verifiable, and handled according to the design and working-at-height and fire protection requirements.
The work object of this occupation is interior fit-out installation sites: drawings and design specifications and ceiling or partition construction and the room's clear height and opening elevations, the specifications of studs and hangers and suspension fittings and connectors, panels and acoustic tiles and moisture-proof and insulation materials, the verticality and levelness and firmness of the substrate and masonry and embedded parts, working-at-height and temporary power and power tool conditions, and concealed works and inspection and acceptance records. The output is installation results and records that meet the design and flatness and joint requirements: studs and hangers and panels and acoustic tiles installed by specification and spacing, openings and expansion joints and joints provided and treated per the design, and verifiable substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed works and anomaly reporting and handover records. The basis for judgment is the drawings and design specifications and material and stud specifications and standards and working-at-height safety requirements, not personal habits or the job title.
Judgment one: whether the drawings and design and clear height and elevations are verified clearly — checking against the construction and the room's clear height and opening elevations and the design documents and handover inspection, rather than starting work from impression.
This table compares 'drywall and ceiling tile installers' row by row with six adjacent positions that are easily confused within the same building interior fit-out and decoration content or have rotation and transfer relationships, by core work and outputs, key differences, and selection basis. The purpose of the comparison is not to rank them but to explain their respective duty boundaries and authorization scopes — in particular, structural safety determination authority, fire protection and firefighting acceptance authority, construction quality acceptance determination authority, and safety and compliance conclusions cannot be assumed by this occupation as well.
The comparison should rest on three things: first, the work object (timber and framing and formwork, mortar and plaster and substrate, tile and stone and bonding layer, insulation and soundproofing materials, blocks and mortar, coatings and substrate); second, the basis and authorization (the respective application of drawings and design specifications and material and stud specifications and standards and working-at-height safety requirements, wood structure codes, plastering process, laying codes, insulation and energy efficiency codes, masonry codes, and painting process); third, outputs and responsibility (who is responsible for installing studs and panels and acoustic tiles and openings and joints, who is responsible for wood structures and doors and windows, who is responsible for plaster finishes, who is responsible for tile and stone laying, who is responsible for insulation and soundproofing, who is responsible for masonry, and who is responsible for painting). When the three are inconsistent, the actual duties of the position and the design documents and qualification and standard documents prevail.
Editorial candidates: drawing information extraction, cutting lists/material estimates, and inspection record organization can be verified on a small scale; they must be verified with on-site dimensions, the approved design, and manual review, no deployment, efficiency, missed-entry reduction, or substitution data for this occupation was obtained, and conventional quantity takeoff, OCR, or mechanical lifting is not equated with generative AI. The O*NET7 software categories include cost, database/business, Office, Windows, OCR scanning, estimating project management, and Word; the Hot3 skills show Office <1% of the denominator of all unique U.S. job postings for this occupation in 2025, and Windows/Word proportions were not given, are not filled in as 0, and do not represent an actual adoption rate. ILO exposure is not layoffs or adoption, and NIST governance is not a construction acceptance regulation.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
U.S. statistical definition: O*NET-SOC 47-2081.00 is the exact occupation definition. The BLS 2025 wage data median is 58,930 USD per year (28.33 USD per hour).
2025 U.S. 47-2081 national annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles 38,460/47,440/58,930/74,230/102,010 USD; hourly 18.49/22.81/28.33/35.69/49.04 USD, with the original figures correctly retained. OEWS employed straight-time pre-tax wages include applicable tips, commissions, and production bonuses and the like and exclude self-employment, overtime premiums, shift differentials, and non-production bonuses and the like; piece-rate or outsourced dispatched employees are not automatically excluded, and all allowances cannot be excluded across the board. Percentiles are not starting pay, seniority levels, personal caps, or a stable monthly income.
Observation signal one: willing to stand and climb for long periods at interior fit-out sites and carry panels and studs, and able to work according to drawings and design dimensions and stud specifications rather than by feel.
Observation signal two: willing to follow working-at-height and fire protection and electrical and hoisting safety and material and stud specification requirements, and to confirm before acting where structure and safety and quality are involved.
Observation signal three: able to stay careful about flatness and joints and alignment under heights and dust and noise and handling and bending and climbing and rush pressure, and not to skip inspection to rush the work.
Editorial verification of drawing version, clear height, and opening dimensions; handover inspection follows clause 7.1.7, and doubtful points are promptly referred to the technical position for handling according to the real design, without changing construction on your own.
Inspect concealed items and records per clause 7.1.4 and verify safe and reliable connections per clause 7.1.13; panel closing and acceptance authority are verified against the real project, and no formal acceptance is signed based on an in-page checklist.
The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. Real Chinese recruitment requirements were not obtained, so it cannot be said that most Chinese positions require only a few weeks to learn.
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality.
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality.
Study the drawings and other specifications to determine the installation method and sequence and material and tool requirements, measure and lay out and mark surfaces according to the drawings and details, cut and assemble metal studs to make floor or ceiling frames for the room or corridor locations, install horizontal and vertical metal or wood studs to the framing so wallboard can be secured to interior walls, secure wood or metal or rock wool lath to the structural framing of walls and ceilings or partitions as the supporting substrate for plaster or fire protection or acoustic material, and install roll insulation between studs and nail a plastic moisture barrier; hoist drywall onto the metal framing of building walls and ceilings and secure it with adhesive and nails and screws, measure and cut openings in panels or tiles for outlets, windows, air grilles, and ducts with a keyhole saw or other tool, cut metal or wood studs and trim to size, cut irregular or corner boards to size with a keyhole saw and insert them into the surrounding frame, trim the rough edges of wallboard with a knife to keep joints flush, assemble or install metal frames or decorative trim for windows and doors and air grilles, hang ceiling wires to wall lines to position main studs, suspend angle grid or channel steel from the ceiling with steel wire, install acoustic tiles or blocks or strips or sheet vibration-damping material to ceilings or walls to damp or reflect sound or decorate rooms, and seal the joints between ceiling tiles and walls; coordinate work with the tapers who cover drywall joints, inspect the verticality and levelness of suspension fittings and mechanical fasteners and masonry surfaces, nail channel steel or wood furring strips to surfaces to provide an installation substrate for tiles, and remove existing plaster or drywall or panels with a pry bar and hammer and clean up and close out and report anomalies.
Suitable for a first try: willing to stand and climb for long periods at interior fit-out sites and carry panels and studs; able to work according to drawings and design dimensions and stud specifications and stay careful about flatness and joints and alignment; able to withstand heights and dust and noise and handling and bending and climbing; willing to do layout and inspection and close-out and record keeping and to accept schedule and piece-rate or quota rhythms.
Needs caution: if you expect this job to be in an office or to involve only watching others build, or you are unwilling to wear protective equipment and follow working-at-height and fire protection and electrical and hoisting safety requirements (going up high without a stable platform, closing panels without checking the suspension fittings and substrate, hanging heavy equipment from ceiling studs, not providing expansion joints and not treating joints), or you find it hard to keep precision and patience when carrying panels and repeating alignment under schedule pressure, then the actual work experience usually does not match the expectation.
Low-risk verification: using the fictional drawings, layout records, stud and hanger layout drawings, and panel lists provided on this page, complete a paper exercise that 'arranges the ceiling and partition framing and panel installation sequence according to the drawings and the room's clear height — writes a paragraph on hanger and main stud and cross stud layout and leveling and reverse bracing according to the stud specifications — and fills in one substrate and suspension fitting inspection and opening and edging and anomaly record', only to verify whether you are willing to check item by item according to the design and specifications and safety requirements and to record truthfully. The exercise uses fictional materials and does not involve real construction sites, heights, or power tools, and it does not constitute a structural or fire protection or construction quality acceptance conclusion, nor is it equivalent to job training or a working-at-height or special operation qualification.
Decision center: whether drawings and design and studs and substrate and suspension fittings can be turned into an installation and inspection chain that the team leader and the tapers and engineering inspection can all take up and verify.
The work is mainly at interior fit-out sites with frequent communication with the team: standing continuously 92%, continuous use of hands 83% (another 17% more than half), continuous contact with others 88%, exposure to heights every day 72% (another 18% weekly or more), continuous walking or running 78%, face-to-face discussions every day 68% (another 26% monthly or more), time pressure every day 52% (another 42% weekly or more), decision freedom 'very large' 54% (another 36% some), precision or accuracy 'extremely important' 37% (another 50% very important), decisions every day 74%, wearing common protective or safety equipment every day 61%, responsibility for the health and safety of others 'very high responsibility' 45% (another 34% high responsibility), competition 'extremely fierce' 43% (another 13% high, 42% moderate), continuous climbing of ladders or scaffolds 47% (another 21% more than half), continuous bending or twisting 52% (another 20% about half), minor burns or cuts every day 34% (another 34% weekly or more), exposure to hazardous equipment 'every day' 20% (another 43% weekly or more), consequences of error 'extremely serious' 30% (another 17% very serious, 26% fairly serious), continuous kneeling, squatting, bending, or crawling 31%, work hours 'regular' 94%, automation level 'not automated at all' 55%.
Similar names do not mean the same duties: this page is O*NET-SOC 47-2081.00 Drywall and Ceiling Tile Installers. Adjacent positions have different duties — carpenters handle wood structural framing and doors and windows and formwork; plasterers handle plaster and stucco and finishes; tile and stone setters handle tile and stone laying; insulation workers handle the main body of insulation and soundproofing material installation; brickmasons and blockmasons handle masonry; painters handle wall coating; glaziers handle glass and curtain wall installation; construction laborers handle general site labor. This occupation is set on installing drywall and other wallboard to building ceilings or interior walls, and installing or securing acoustic tiles and vibration-damping materials to ceilings and walls to damp or reflect sound and decorate, and also includes securing wood or metal or rockboard lath to walls and ceilings or partitions as the supporting substrate for plaster or fire protection or acoustic material. Structural safety and fire protection and firefighting and construction quality acceptance and working-at-height qualifications are governed by the regulations and standards and competent authorities of the relevant jurisdiction and this project's requirements, are not inferred from the job title, and must not exceed authorization to issue acceptance-pass, safety, or compliance conclusions externally.
Inputs that must be verified: drawings and design specifications and ceiling or partition construction and the room's clear height and opening elevations, the specifications and spacing and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment of studs and hangers and suspension fittings and connectors, the specifications and conformity certificates and performance test reports of panels and acoustic tiles and moisture-proof and insulation materials, the verticality and levelness and firmness of the substrate and masonry and embedded parts, working-at-height and temporary power and power tool safety conditions, concealed works and joint and expansion joint requirements, and concealed works and inspection and acceptance record requirements. Things that must not be done: starting work without verifying the drawings and clear height and elevations, working at height without a stable platform or a safety harness, closing panels without checking the firmness and anti-corrosion treatment of suspension fittings and embedded parts and the substrate, installing heavy equipment and equipment with vibration loads directly on ceiling studs, not providing expansion joints and not treating joints and openings, not applying fire protection treatment to wood studs and wood panels per the standards, and concealing or delaying reports of structural anomalies and safety and quality hazards.
The fit judgment should be made by combining whether you can stand and climb for long periods at interior fit-out sites and carry panels, whether you can work according to drawings and design dimensions and stud specifications and stay careful about flatness and joints and alignment, whether you can withstand heights and dust and noise and handling and bending and climbing, whether you can do layout and inspection and close-out and record keeping, and whether you are clear about your duties and authorization and working-at-height and structural safety boundaries; it is not replaced by a self-assessment of being 'strong' or 'knowing how to build'; all of this must be confirmed in supervised actual construction and team observation.
All exercises on this page use fictional materials; real interior fit-out installation and working at height and fire protection and electrical and structural safety and construction acceptance must be undertaken by organizations and personnel with the corresponding training and qualifications that follow the regulations and standards of the relevant jurisdiction and this project's requirements; individuals must not exceed authorization to issue conclusions on structural safety, fire protection, firefighting, construction quality acceptance, or compliance externally, and this page does not constitute structural, fire protection, firefighting, quality acceptance, or legal advice.
Judgment two: whether the substrate and suspension fittings and embedded parts are firm — checking the firmness, verticality, levelness, and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment of the substrate and masonry and embedded parts and suspension fittings and connectors, rather than closing panels without checking.
Judgment three: whether stud and hanger specifications and spacing follow the basis — installing studs and hangers and connectors according to the design and standards and controlling spacing and end distances and reverse bracing and transfer layers, rather than laying them out at will.
Judgment four: whether panels and acoustic tiles and openings and edging are in place — installing and securing panels per the design and measuring and cutting openings and irregular and corner boards and trimming panel edges and providing expansion joints, rather than cutting and jointing carelessly.
Judgment five: whether joints and coordination and concealed acceptance are held — coordinating joint treatment with the tapers and completing concealed works and inspection and acceptance records per the standards, rather than skipping concealed inspection.
Judgment six: whether safety and anomalies and handover are held — working per the working-at-height and electrical and hoisting safety requirements and reporting and handing over per the system when structural anomalies or safety hazards or quality problems occur, rather than concealing or delaying.
Environment and rhythm: mainly interior fit-out sites with frequent communication with the team; standing continuously 92%, continuous use of hands 83%, continuous contact with others 88%, exposure to heights every day 72%, continuous walking or running 78%, face-to-face discussions every day 68%, time pressure every day 52%, decision freedom 'very large' 54%, precision or accuracy 'extremely important' 37%, decisions every day 74%, wearing common protective or safety equipment every day 61%, responsibility for the health and safety of others 'very high responsibility' 45%, competition 'extremely fierce' 43%, continuous climbing of ladders or scaffolds 47%, continuous bending or twisting 52%, minor burns or cuts every day 34%, exposure to hazardous equipment 'every day' 20%, consequences of error 'extremely serious' 30%, continuous kneeling, squatting, bending, or crawling 31%, work hours 'regular' 94%, automation level 'not automated at all' 55%.
The work of drywall and ceiling tile installers can be divided into three connected but independent work surfaces. The first is drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate: study the drawings and other specifications to determine the installation method and sequence and material and tool requirements, measure and lay out and mark surfaces according to the drawings and details, cut and assemble metal studs to make floor or ceiling frames for the room or corridor locations, install horizontal and vertical metal or wood studs to the framing so wallboard can be secured to interior walls, secure wood or metal or rockboard lath (a gypsum-based lath, not rock wool) to the structural framing of walls and ceilings or partitions as the supporting substrate for plaster or fire protection or acoustic material, install roll insulation between studs and nail a plastic moisture barrier over the insulation, and install metal lath where plaster will be exposed to weather or water or curved or irregular surfaces. The second is installation and fabrication: hoist drywall onto the metal framing of walls and ceilings in offices and schools or other large buildings (adjusting panel height with lifting or hoisting equipment when necessary), position and secure wallboard or drywall with adhesive and nails and screws, measure and cut openings in panels or ceiling tiles for outlets, windows, air grilles, ducts, and other equipment with a keyhole saw or other cutting tool, cut metal or wood studs and trim to size, cut irregular or corner boards to size with a keyhole saw and insert them into the surrounding frame, trim the rough edges of wallboard with a knife to keep joints flush, assemble or install metal frames or decorative trim for windows and doors and air grilles, hang ceiling wires to wall lines to position main studs, suspend angle grid or channel steel from the ceiling with steel wire, install acoustic ceiling tiles or blocks or strips or sheet vibration-damping material to ceilings or walls to reduce sound reflection or decorate rooms, seal the joints between ceiling tiles and walls, and cut ceiling tile edges to fit the wall where no wall line is specified. The third is coordination and inspection and close-out: coordinate work with the tapers who cover drywall joints, inspect the verticality and levelness of suspension fittings and mechanical fasteners and masonry surfaces, nail channel steel or wood furring strips to surfaces to provide an installation substrate for ceiling tiles, secure ceiling tiles and lath directly to the structural framing with adhesive or nails or screws or staples or steel wire, remove existing plaster or drywall or panels with a pry bar and hammer, and record and report anomalies and complete handover. All three work surfaces proceed within the drawings and design specifications and material and stud specifications and standards and working-at-height safety requirements.
Drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate
Study the drawings and specifications to determine the installation method and sequence and materials and tools → measure and lay out and mark → install metal or wood studs and hangers → install lath substrate and insulation and moisture barrier → check the verticality and levelness of the substrate and suspension fittings
Executable list of construction and sequence and material and tool key points, layout and stud arrangement and leveling records, substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed works records
Installation and fabrication
Cut and assemble the stud frame → hoist drywall or ceiling panels and secure with adhesive and nails and screws → measure and cut openings and irregular and corner boards and trim panel edges → install frames and decorative trim and ceiling wires and angle grid → seal ceiling-to-wall joints and install acoustic tiles
Records of stud and panel and acoustic tile installation completed by specification and design, opening and edging and expansion joint and leveling records, anchoring and securing and leveling inspection records
Coordination and inspection and close-out
Coordinate joint treatment with the tapers → inspect the studs and suspension fittings and masonry surfaces → remove existing plaster or panels and clean up and close out → record and report anomalies and hand over
Where are the boundaries between drywall and ceiling tile installers and carpenters, plasterers, tile and stone setters, insulation workers, brickmasons and blockmasons, and painters?
This table compares this page's occupation with adjacent positions item by item across seven items: core purpose, main objects and basis, core process, main outputs, responsible parties, collaboration and supervision, and conclusion boundaries: this page's occupation (O*NET-SOC 47-2081.00) is the interior drywall and ceiling panel and acoustic tile installation position, responsible for installing studs and hangers and panels and acoustic tiles according to drawings and specifications and handling openings and joints and edging; carpenters (47-2031.00) handle wood structural framing and doors and windows and formwork; plasterers (47-2161.00) handle plaster and stucco and finishes; tile and stone setters (47-2044.00) handle tile and stone laying; insulation workers (47-2131.00) handle the main body of insulation and soundproofing material installation; brickmasons and blockmasons (47-2021.00) handle masonry; painters (47-2141.00) handle wall coating. When comparing, verify item by item against the position duties and design documents and materials and standards and qualifications, do not interchange by job title, and do not read installation duties as structural safety determination authority, fire protection and firefighting acceptance authority, construction quality acceptance determination authority, or compliance conclusion authority.
Turn drawings and design and studs and substrate and materials into installation results that meet the design and flatness and joint requirements: drawings and clear height clear, substrate and suspension fittings firm, studs and hangers per specification, panels and openings and edging in place, and joints and concealed acceptance held.
Core purposes of adjacent positions: carpentry ensures wood structures and doors and windows and formwork take shape; plastering ensures the substrate and finish are flat and bonded; tile and stone ensure finish laying and drainage and durability; insulation ensures thermal and acoustic performance; masonry ensures load bearing and enclosure; painting ensures the finish coating and appearance.
The objects are drawings and design specifications and ceiling or partition construction and the room's clear height and opening elevations, studs and hangers and suspension fittings and connectors, panels and acoustic tiles and moisture-proof and insulation materials, substrate and masonry and embedded parts, and concealed works and inspection and acceptance records; the basis is the drawings and design specifications and material and stud specifications and standards and working-at-height safety requirements.
Objects and basis of adjacent positions: timber and framing and formwork (wood structure codes); mortar and plaster and substrate (plastering process); tile and stone and bonding layer (laying codes); insulation and soundproofing materials (insulation and energy efficiency codes); blocks and mortar (masonry codes); coatings and substrate (painting process).
Drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate → installation and fabrication (cutting and hoisting and securing and opening and edging and joints) → coordination and inspection and close-out and anomaly reporting.
Carpenters may install wallboard/insulation, plasterers may apply decorative plaster, and hard tile and stone may be laid to walls, floors, and ceilings and the like; the classification emphasis differs, but some actual tasks overlap, so it is not claimed that they are never interchangeable or automatically mutually recognized.
Records of stud and panel and acoustic tile installation completed by specification and design, opening and edging and expansion joint and leveling records, anchoring and securing and leveling inspection records, substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed works records, and anomaly reporting and handover records.
Outputs of adjacent positions: wood structures and doors and windows and formwork and correction records; plastered surfaces and flatness and bonding records; tile and stone surfaces and grouting and hollowing records; insulation and soundproofing layers and securing records; masonry and mortar and verticality records; coating films and appearance and adhesion records.
This occupation bears execution responsibility for installing studs and hangers and panels and acoustic tiles according to drawings and specifications and handling openings and joints and edging; responsibility for structural safety and fire protection and firefighting acceptance and construction quality acceptance is borne by the design unit and construction unit and competent authorities and personnel with the corresponding qualifications according to regulations and standards.
Responsibilities of adjacent positions: wood structures and doors and windows are borne by carpenters and their organizations; plastering and finishes are borne by plasterers and their organizations; tile and stone laying is borne by the setters and their organizations; insulation is borne by insulation workers and their organizations; masonry is borne by masons and their organizations; painting is borne by painters and their organizations.
Collaboration and supervision
Collaborate with the team leader and the tapers and carpenters and water and electricity and HVAC and in-ceiling equipment installation and inspection, and adjust priorities according to the operation sequencing and schedule and concealed acceptance milestones; immediately report structural anomalies and safety hazards and quality problems and matters beyond authorization.
Collaboration of adjacent positions: carpentry interfaces with plumbing and electrical and decoration; plastering interfaces with water and electricity provisions and decoration; tile and stone interfaces with waterproofing and water and electricity; insulation interfaces with enclosure and equipment; masonry interfaces with structure and plumbing and electrical provisions; painting interfaces with substrate and decoration.
Installers work to the approved design and current codes and report promptly, do not change load-bearing construction on their own, and do not issue acceptance or compliance conclusions beyond the authority obtained. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
The boundaries of adjacent positions are determined by their respective design documents and materials and standards and qualifications and the regulations of the relevant jurisdiction; similar job titles do not mean the duties are interchangeable.
In this job, which judgments are most prone to error, and how should they be verified?
Common errors cluster in four areas: first, starting work without verifying the drawings and clear height and elevations, resulting in the ceiling elevation and openings and clear height not matching and rework; second, closing panels without checking the firmness and anti-corrosion treatment of the substrate and suspension fittings and embedded parts, resulting in sagging and falling off and safety hazards; third, improper stud and hanger specifications and spacing and reverse bracing, resulting in ceiling deformation and cracked joints and insufficient load capacity; fourth, missing panels and openings and joints and edging and concealed acceptance, resulting in unacceptable appearance and quality and untraceability. The verification method is that each item has a basis that can be looked back on: the construction and sequence and materials and layout and stud arrangement checklist, substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed works records, opening and edging and expansion joint and leveling records, and anomaly reporting and handover records, rather than memory or verbal understanding.
Are the drawings and design specifications and the room's clear height and opening elevations and concealed works verified item by item rather than starting work from impression?
Are the firmness, verticality, levelness, and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment of the substrate and masonry and embedded parts and suspension fittings and connectors checked rather than closing panels without checking?
Do the specifications and spacing and end distances and reverse bracing and transfer layers of studs and hangers and connectors follow the design and standards rather than being laid out at will?
Are the securing of panels and acoustic tiles and the openings and irregular and corner boards and expansion joints and edging in place and verifiable rather than cut and jointed carelessly?
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
Are the joint treatment coordination with the tapers and the concealed works and inspection and acceptance records completed by milestone and verifiable?
Record concealed works and inspection and opening and edging and leveling data according to the drawings and this project's systems and complete handover; records should agree with construction records and acceptance materials to facilitate verification; joints and openings and expansion joints are treated according to the design and standards with records kept.
When anomalies occur, first check for personal danger: in emergencies stop according to law or take necessary measures and then evacuate, and report ordinary quality problems promptly and handle them through the actual project process, with restart authority to be verified separately.
Common inputs: drawings and design specifications and ceiling or partition construction and the room's clear height and opening elevations, the specifications and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment of studs and hangers and suspension fittings and connectors, the specifications and conformity certificates and performance test reports of panels and acoustic tiles and moisture-proof and insulation materials, the verticality and levelness and firmness of the substrate and masonry and embedded parts, working-at-height and temporary power and power tool safety conditions, and concealed works and inspection and acceptance record requirements.
Core outputs: records of stud and panel and acoustic tile installation completed by specification and design, opening and edging and expansion joint and leveling records, anchoring and securing and leveling inspection records, substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed works records, and anomaly reporting and handover records.
Typical flow: drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate — installation and fabrication — coordination and inspection and close-out and anomaly reporting.
Common collaborators: the team leader and technical lead, the tapers and carpenters and water and electricity and HVAC trades, in-ceiling equipment installation and inspection, and materials and safety and quality management personnel.
Common tools and objects: metal or wood studs and hangers and suspension fittings and connectors, paper-faced drywall and acoustic tiles and vibration-damping materials and insulation and moisture-proof materials, tape measures and straightedges and squares and marking tools and levels or spirit levels, keyhole saws and knives and cutting tools and screws and nails and adhesive and staples and steel wire, lifting or hoisting equipment and scaffolding and ladders and safety harnesses, and protective supplies and dust and noise control supplies and recording tools.
Installers work to the approved design and current codes and report promptly, do not change load-bearing construction on their own, and do not issue acceptance or compliance conclusions beyond the authority obtained. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
O*NET57 context feedback: standing continuously 92%, use of hands 83% (more than half 17), contact with others 88%, walking 78%; heights every day 72% / weekly but not every day 18%, face-to-face every day 68% / monthly but not weekly 26%, deadlines every day 52% / weekly but not every day 42%. Decision freedom very large 54% / some 36%, accuracy extremely important 37% / very important 50% / important 13%, decisions every day 74%, common protective equipment every day 61%, responsibility for others' safety very high 45% / high 34%. Continuous ladder climbing 47% / more than half 21%, continuous bending and twisting 52% / about half 20%, minor burns and cuts and similar exposure every day 34% / weekly but not every day 34% (not an injury rate); hazardous equipment every day 20% / weekly but not every day 43%. Error extremely serious 30% / very serious 17% / fairly serious 26%, continuous kneeling and squatting 31%; regular 94% does not mean no overtime; no automation 55% / slight 38% does not mean a GenAI adoption rate. Typical weekly hours and proportions for anger/violence were not provided this round and are not filled in as 0 or used to infer no risk; for contaminants only weekly but not every day 14% and monthly but not weekly 19% and so on are shown, and no daily dust proportion is invented.
Building interior fit-out sites and work faces for ceilings and interior walls in rooms or corridors or large buildings; including layout and framing and panel installation and opening and edging and joint and close-out positions, in a work environment that liaises with the team leader and the tapers and water and electricity and HVAC and inspection.
Metal or wood studs and hangers and suspension fittings and connectors, paper-faced drywall and acoustic tiles and vibration-damping materials and insulation and moisture-proof materials, tape measures and squares and marking tools and levels or spirit levels, keyhole saws and knives and cutting tools and screws and nails and adhesive and staples and steel wire, lifting and hoisting equipment and scaffolding and ladders and safety harnesses, and protective and dust and noise control supplies and recording tools.
Divided by floor and room and operation and shift: drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate, installation and fabrication, and coordination and inspection and close-out; coordinated by the team leader or technical lead.
O*NET regular 94%, and the typical weekly hours proportion is not given; the OOH combined occupation is mostly full time, which does not prove that there is no overtime or that rush overtime is universal in China. The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
Work closely with the team leader and the tapers and carpenters and water and electricity and HVAC trades and in-ceiling equipment installation and inspection, coordinating through face-to-face contact and drawings and layout records and concealed works records.
Review methods include layout and framing and suspension fitting and substrate inspection, concealed works and anchoring and leveling spot checks, opening and edging and joint and expansion joint verification, and anomaly reporting tracking and handover; structural anomalies and safety hazards and quality problems are reported as required.
Quality looks at whether the drawings and clear height are verified clearly, whether the substrate and suspension fittings are firm, whether the studs and hangers follow the specifications, whether the panels and openings and edging are in place, and whether the joints and concealed acceptance and handover are verifiable.
U.S. 47-2081.00 installs wallboard such as drywall to ceilings/interior walls and installs acoustic tiles or block, strip, and sheet vibration-damping materials; it includes wood, metal, or rockboard lath substrates. acoustical tile is not equivalent to all ceramic tile, and rockboard is not rock wool. Its 24 tasks are 18Core/6Supplemental: reading drawings 85, measuring and laying out 85, cutting and assembling metal frames 80, hoisting wallboard 80, securing wallboard 80, opening holes 79, cutting framing and trim to size 77, cutting edge boards 76, coordinating with tapers 74, trimming panel edges 74, horizontal and vertical studs 73, metal/rockboard substrate 72, insulation and moisture barrier 69, frames and trim 65, cutting panel edges where there is no wall line 65, positioning with ceiling wires 60, installing acoustic material 58, and removing old plaster and panels 58 are Core; suspending angle grid 58, sealing ceiling panel-to-wall joints 55, checking substrate verticality and levelness 49, metal lath for damp/curved surfaces 47, substrate wood strips 44, and securing panels with adhesive and nails 41 are Supplemental. Importance is not the share of task time, and not everyone is required to perform every operation. The main duties differ from those of tapers, but the OOH notes that some workers both install and tape, so it cannot be said that they are absolutely mutually exclusive. O*NET57 context feedback: standing continuously 92%, use of hands 83% (more than half 17), contact with others 88%, walking 78%; heights every day 72% / weekly but not every day 18%, face-to-face every day 68% / monthly but not weekly 26%, deadlines every day 52% / weekly but not every day 42%. Decision freedom very large 54% / some 36%, accuracy extremely important 37% / very important 50% / important 13%, decisions every day 74%, common protective equipment every day 61%, responsibility for others' safety very high 45% / high 34%. Continuous ladder climbing 47% / more than half 21%, continuous bending and twisting 52% / about half 20%, minor burns and cuts and similar exposure every day 34% / weekly but not every day 34% (not an injury rate); hazardous equipment every day 20% / weekly but not every day 43%. Error extremely serious 30% / very serious 17% / fairly serious 26%, continuous kneeling and squatting 31%; regular 94% does not mean no overtime; no automation 55% / slight 38% does not mean a GenAI adoption rate. Typical weekly hours and proportions for anger/violence were not provided this round and are not filled in as 0 or used to infer no risk; for contaminants only weekly but not every day 14% and monthly but not weekly 19% and so on are shown, and no daily dust proportion is invented. The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
Wages use the BLS 2025 wage data definition: median 58,930 USD per year (28.33 USD per hour); annual percentiles 38,460 / 47,440 / 58,930 / 74,230 / 102,010 USD; hourly percentiles 18.49 / 22.81 / 28.33 / 35.69 / 49.04 USD.
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
This page does not use actors union or film industry definitions; sources and usage boundaries are in the source register.
U.S. 47-2081.00 installs wallboard such as drywall to ceilings/interior walls and installs acoustic tiles or block, strip, and sheet vibration-damping materials; it includes wood, metal, or rockboard lath substrates. acoustical tile is not equivalent to all ceramic tile, and rockboard is not rock wool. Its 24 tasks are 18Core/6Supplemental: reading drawings 85, measuring and laying out 85, cutting and assembling metal frames 80, hoisting wallboard 80, securing wallboard 80, opening holes 79, cutting framing and trim to size 77, cutting edge boards 76, coordinating with tapers 74, trimming panel edges 74, horizontal and vertical studs 73, metal/rockboard substrate 72, insulation and moisture barrier 69, frames and trim 65, cutting panel edges where there is no wall line 65, positioning with ceiling wires 60, installing acoustic material 58, and removing old plaster and panels 58 are Core; suspending angle grid 58, sealing ceiling panel-to-wall joints 55, checking substrate verticality and levelness 49, metal lath for damp/curved surfaces 47, substrate wood strips 44, and securing panels with adhesive and nails 41 are Supplemental. Importance is not the share of task time, and not everyone is required to perform every operation. The main duties differ from those of tapers, but the OOH notes that some workers both install and tape, so it cannot be said that they are absolutely mutually exclusive.
The selection basis can follow three lines: if you want to install studs and drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles according to drawings at interior fit-out sites and handle openings and joints, this page's occupation is the closest fit; if you want to do adjacent operations such as wood structures or plastering or tile and stone or insulation, carpenter or plasterer or tile and stone setter or insulation worker are adjacent paths; if you want to do masonry or painting, brickmason and blockmason or painter are another path. When transferring positions, what needs to be filled in is material and process and tool knowledge and standard and qualification requirements, not just proficiency.
Boundaries and sources: the differences listed in this table are based on the O*NET occupation profiles and work context data, and on the names and verified key points of the mainland China Standard for Construction Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration (GB 50210-2018) ceiling works and the Technical Code for Safety of Working at Height in Building Construction (JGJ 80) and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety (State Council Order No. 393) (the rest are cited by standard and regulation name and general requirements, and article numbers were not verified one by one this round). The material and process and qualification requirements of adjacent positions cannot substitute for one another; this page does not infer income levels or hiring conditions from job titles, nor does it read installation duties as structural safety determination authority, fire protection and firefighting acceptance authority, construction quality acceptance determination authority, or compliance conclusion authority.
Build and install wood structural framing and doors and windows and formwork and wood components according to drawings, responsible for cutting and installation and correction and securing.
The object and process differ: carpenters focus on timber and framing and doors and windows and formwork under wood structure codes; this page's occupation focuses on metal or wood studs and paper-faced drywall and acoustic tiles and ceiling construction under drawings and stud and material specifications and working-at-height requirements. The materials, tools, and processes differ and cannot be interchanged by name.
If you want to do wood structures and doors and windows and formwork, you can choose the carpenter direction and check the corresponding training requirements; if you want to do interior drywall and ceiling installation, this page's occupation is the closest fit.
Plasterers, stucco masons (47-2161.00)
Apply plaster and stucco and finishes to substrates and ensure flatness and bonding and finishing, responsible for substrate preparation and troweling and curing.
The process and materials differ: plasterers focus on mortar and plaster and substrate preparation and finishing; this page's occupation focuses on installing studs and panels and acoustic tiles and treating openings and joints, and plastering is carried out on the lath substrate they install or other substrates. The processes connect but the duties and outputs differ.
If you want to do plastering and finishes, you can choose the plasterer direction; if you want to do panel and ceiling installation, this page's occupation is more suitable.
Tile and stone setters (47-2044.00)
The object and deliverable differ: tile and stone setters focus on tile and stone and the bonding layer and grouting; this page's occupation focuses on installing drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles and joints and edging (it may include securing tile and lath to framing as a substrate), and the finish method and acceptance basis differ.
If you want to do tile and stone laying, you can choose the tile and stone setter direction; if you want to do stud and panel and ceiling installation, this page's occupation is the closest fit.
Insulation workers (47-2131.00)
The object and performance target differ: insulation workers focus on insulation and soundproofing materials and thermal and acoustic performance; this page's occupation installs roll insulation and a moisture barrier between studs as only one link, and the core is the installation of studs and panels and acoustic tiles and flatness and joints.
If you want to lay insulation and soundproofing materials, you can choose the insulation worker direction; if you want to do panel and ceiling installation, this page's occupation is more suitable.
Brickmasons and blockmasons (47-2021.00)
The object and process differ: brickmasons and blockmasons focus on laying bricks and blocks and mortar and grouting as a load-bearing and enclosure masonry operation; this page's occupation is an interior fit-out installation operation that installs studs and panels on existing structures and masonry and does not take on masonry or load-bearing duties.
If you want to do masonry, you can choose the brickmason and blockmason direction; if you want to do interior drywall and ceiling installation, this page's occupation is the closest fit.
Painting and maintenance workers (47-2141.00)
The duties and process differ: painters focus on substrate preparation and coating application and appearance and adhesion, usually after panel and joint treatment is complete; this page's occupation focuses on installing studs and panels and acoustic tiles and joints and edging and does not take on final surface coating and appearance delivery duties.
If you want to do wall painting, you can choose the painting and maintenance worker direction; if you want to do stud and panel installation, this page's occupation is more suitable.
Adjacent occupation comparison: six directions easily confused
The six rows below compare this page's occupation with adjacent positions item by item by core work and outputs, key differences, and selection basis. The comparison follows the actual duties of the position and the design and material and standard and qualification documents, does not infer from job titles, and does not read installation duties as structural safety determination authority, fire protection and firefighting acceptance authority, construction quality acceptance determination authority, or compliance conclusion authority.
Conclusion: what makes this page's occupation irreplaceable is installing studs and hangers and drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles at interior fit-out sites according to drawings and specifications and handling openings and joints and edging and completing inspection and records; positions with similar names or processes differ in object, material, and authorization, and these three points should be verified first in cross-position comparisons.
Comparison basis: O*NET occupation profiles and work context data, and the names and verified key points of the mainland China Standard for Construction Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration (GB 50210-2018) ceiling works and the Technical Code for Safety of Working at Height in Building Construction (JGJ 80) and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety (State Council Order No. 393); source links are used within their respective scopes of application.
To compare this page's occupation further with adjacent positions, first write one sentence for each of the columns 'object — basis and authorization — outputs and responsibility', then look back at this table to see whether they agree.
Adoption depends on the enterprise and project systems and authorization rules, data accuracy and on-site dimensions and structural conditions, and whether verification and validation have been completed, especially where structural safety and working at height and fire protection and acceptance are involved.
Editorial candidate to verify drawing/dimension/layout/quantity takeoff organization; no efficiency gain was verified; the approved design and on-site measurement cannot be replaced by unverified output.
Editorial trial candidate: whether checking stud and hanger layout and leveling information can obtain assistance must be verified on a small scale under the approved design, on-site measurement, and manual review; generative AI effects were not verified this round. Conventional quantity takeoff software is not generative AI, and specifications, spacing, reverse bracing, and transfer layers are still confirmed by authorized personnel according to the design and standards.
Inspection/openings/records can serve as an editorial trial candidate; no reduction in missed entries was verified, and manual review and the actual acceptance procedures must be verified separately.
Editorial judgment: on-site dimensions, substrate conditions, materials, and the working environment require measurement and coordination; fully automated construction capability was not verified this round, and technical impossibility cannot be inferred from the task description.
Drawing dimensions are not automatically personal information or legally sensitive information; where identifiable personal/face or identity materials are involved, verify by the actual content. PIPL28 lists sensitive information such as biometrics, location tracking, and financial accounts, and trade secrets require separate verification of the real contract/project ownership; upload permissions, purposes, recipients, storage, and training use conditions were not obtained, and the editorial suggestion is to verify before use and not treat a unit homepage as specific authorization.
Final responsibility for installation and securing and openings and joints and inspection and records and anomaly reporting, as well as the handling of structural anomalies and safety and quality problems, is borne by the operators together with the team and technical lead, with records kept.
Studies such as those of the International Labour Organization separate 'task exposure' from 'actual adoption and job gains and losses'; this page has no adoption rate, layoff rate, or causal employment evidence for this occupation, and these figures remain unknown and must be verified with specific enterprises and projects.
Boundaries of AI and layout and quantity takeoff tools in drywall and ceiling installation
Editorial candidates: drawing information extraction, cutting lists/material estimates, and inspection record organization can be verified on a small scale; they must be verified with on-site dimensions, the approved design, and manual review, no deployment, efficiency, missed-entry reduction, or substitution data for this occupation was obtained, and conventional quantity takeoff, OCR, or mechanical lifting is not equated with generative AI. The O*NET7 software categories include cost, database/business, Office, Windows, OCR scanning, estimating project management, and Word; the Hot3 skills show Office <1% of the denominator of all unique U.S. job postings for this occupation in 2025, and Windows/Word proportions were not given, are not filled in as 0, and do not represent an actual adoption rate. ILO exposure is not layoffs or adoption, and NIST governance is not a construction acceptance regulation.
The following sources are used only to explain the statistical definitions of tasks and work context for this occupation and do not provide automation rates, substitution probabilities, or timelines for this occupation.
The exposure indicator is not actual adoption or layoffs.
Employed straight-time wages are not an adoption rate.
The governance method is not a construction compliance checklist.
The governance method is not a construction compliance checklist.
Occupation profile and OOH components
Occupational work and industry description, not AI deployment.
Occupational work and industry description, not AI deployment.
Editorial explanation and NIST boundaries
Editorial purpose and governance are distinguished, and NIST is not described as the author of this page.
Editorial purpose and governance are distinguished, and NIST is not described as the author of this page.
Will AI replace drywall and ceiling tile installers?
A substitution date cannot be derived from task exposure; judgment of construction and sequence and clear height and elevations, handling of structural safety and working at height and fire protection, and on-site handling of openings and joints and concealed acceptance, as well as installation responsibility, remain with people.
Editorial candidates: drawing information extraction, cutting lists/material estimates, and inspection record organization can be verified on a small scale; they must be verified with on-site dimensions, the approved design, and manual review, no deployment, efficiency, missed-entry reduction, or substitution data for this occupation was obtained, and conventional quantity takeoff, OCR, or mechanical lifting is not equated with generative AI. The O*NET7 software categories include cost, database/business, Office, Windows, OCR scanning, estimating project management, and Word; the Hot3 skills show Office <1% of the denominator of all unique U.S. job postings for this occupation in 2025, and Windows/Word proportions were not given, are not filled in as 0, and do not represent an actual adoption rate. ILO exposure is not layoffs or adoption, and NIST governance is not a construction acceptance regulation.
What cannot be automatically authorized?
Judgment of construction and sequence and clear height and elevations, handling of structural safety and working at height and fire protection and fire and electricity use, and openings and joints and expansion joints and concealed acceptance and rectification.
Who is responsible for errors in tool output?
Can AI directly decide the layout or judge whether concealed acceptance is acceptable?
No; layout and construction and concealed acceptance and rectification are determined by the drawings and design documents and standards and manual inspection and testing.
How should drawings and dimensions and project data be protected?
Drawing dimensions are not automatically personal information or sensitive personal information; where identifiable project personnel are involved, verify the lawful basis for processing, clear purpose, minimum necessity, and applicable sensitive conditions under the Personal Information Protection Law. Drawing confidentiality requires separate verification of the real project ownership and contract; an approved account does not mean external AI upload is permitted, and the recipient, storage, and training use conditions must be verified separately.
How can you verify whether a tool is really useful?
Editorial verification suggestion: only within the limits allowed by safety and project authorization, compare the accuracy and time cost of information extraction, material lists, or record organization using on-site measured dimensions, the approved design, and manual review; control for drawing version, personnel, and project differences, and the before-and-after difference alone does not prove causality. No AI deployment or efficiency evidence for this occupation was obtained this round, and conventional quantity takeoff/OCR and generative AI must be kept separate.
Used only under the O*NET 47-2081.00 task and work context definition.
Used only to explain the AI boundaries on this page and does not represent adoption rates or substitution conclusions.
The existing entries are actually license lookups or OOH navigation, not union/safety access regulations/enterprise deployments; specific occupations/qualifications are cited separately from this round's sources.
The existing entries are actually license lookups or OOH navigation, not union/safety access regulations/enterprise deployments; specific occupations/qualifications are cited separately from this round's sources.
Applies to U.S. employed wage statistics for this occupation; the entry itself is not AI governance or a Chinese construction code.
The existing entries are actually license lookups or OOH navigation, not union/safety access regulations/enterprise deployments; specific occupations/qualifications are cited separately from this round's sources.
The existing entries are actually license lookups or OOH navigation, not union/safety access regulations/enterprise deployments; specific occupations/qualifications are cited separately from this round's sources.
BLS2025 wages and the 2025—2035 exact occupation projection, two separate statistical sets for OEWS and employment projections, not AI deployment research.
Used only under the original AI risk management definition and does not constitute a compliance requirements checklist.
Study the drawings and specifications to determine the installation method and sequence and materials and tools and measure and lay out and mark
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with drawing interpretation and dimension and layout and material quantity organization; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Construction and sequence and clear height and elevations and layout are confirmed by the team leader and technical lead.
Install metal or wood studs and hangers and lath substrate and insulation and moisture barrier
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with stud and hanger layout and spacing and leveling prompts; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Stud and hanger specifications and spacing and reverse bracing and transfer layers are confirmed by the team leader and technical lead.
Cut and assemble metal studs and trim to size
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with cutting and layout and material use optimization; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Cutting and assembly and tolerances are the responsibility of the operators and the team.
Hoist drywall and ceiling panels and secure with adhesive and nails and screws and install acoustic tiles
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with hoisting and securing points and layout prompts; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Hoisting and securing and flatness and safety are the responsibility of the operators and the team.
Measure and cut openings and irregular and corner boards and trim panel edges and provide expansion joints and seal joints
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with opening positioning and layout and joint and expansion joint prompts; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Openings and joints and edging and expansion joints are confirmed by the operators and the team.
Inspect the verticality and levelness of suspension fittings and mechanical fasteners and masonry surfaces and complete concealed works and inspection records
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with inspection items and photos and record archiving; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Inspection conclusions and concealed acceptance and rectification are confirmed by the team leader and inspection.
Coordination and demolition and close-out
Coordinate joint treatment with the tapers and remove existing plaster or panels and clean up and close out and report anomalies
Editorial candidate requiring trial verification: can assist with coordination and demolition and cleanup and anomaly record summarization; no deployment or efficiency results for this occupation were obtained.
Coordination and demolition and anomaly determination and reporting are the responsibility of the team leader and technical lead.
Automation of drawings and quantity takeoff and records
Construction and clear height and elevations and structural safety judgment
Layout and inspection and record prompts
Working at height and fire protection and concealed acceptance and rectification
Organization of drawings and dimensions and project data
Data minimum necessity and safety and record keeping
Verify the drawings and design specifications and construction and clear height and elevations and stud and material specifications and substrate and suspension fittings and safety conditions.
Use tool assistance only within systems approved by the enterprise and project and the scope of authorization.
The operators or team leader or technical lead or inspection review layout and stud and opening and concealed and safety-related links.
In emergencies involving personal danger, stop per Article 32 of the Regulations or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate; quality deviations are reported and handled through the actual project process, and it cannot be stipulated that registration must always come before safety is ensured.
Responsibility for installation and securing and openings and joints and inspection and anomaly reporting is recorded by the operators together with the team and technical lead.
Can cause the ceiling elevation and openings and clear height not to match and rework and material waste.
Follow the drawings and design specifications and site measurements and handover inspection and keep records.
Substrate and suspension fitting defects
Can cause ceiling sagging and panel falling off and safety hazards.
Check the firmness and anti-corrosion treatment of the substrate and embedded parts and suspension fittings before closing panels and keep records.
Can cause ceiling deformation and cracked joints and insufficient load capacity.
Install by specification and spacing and provide reverse bracing and transfer layers and keep records.
Improper openings and joints and edging
Can cause unacceptable appearance and quality and later cracking and air leakage.
Open holes per the design and provide expansion joints and treat joints and edging and keep records.
Can cause falls and electric shock and fire and personal injury.
Work per working-at-height and temporary power and fire protection requirements and report as required.
First practice reading drawings and layout and studs and hangers and panel securing and openings and joints and working-at-height safety thoroughly, then work independently.
Bring tool suggestions into the existing layout and stud and opening and concealed inspection and reporting procedures.
First define the construction and sequence and materials and stud specifications and concealed acceptance and working at height and data and record procedures and authorization.
Publish quality acceptance and working-at-height and fire protection and work safety requirements and accept supervision and inspection.
Editorial verification of the real contract: position operations, city/period, employment or independent contracting, hourly or piece-rate, settlement quantity/rework deductions, pre-tax and post-tax, actual hours, and applicable benefits; no samples were obtained this round, so no general payment arrangement is inferred.
Editorial verification of the real contract: position operations, city/period, employment or independent contracting, hourly or piece-rate, settlement quantity/rework deductions, pre-tax and post-tax, actual hours, and applicable benefits; no samples were obtained this round, so no general payment arrangement is inferred.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
Mainland China wage definition
When citing public figures, the city, industry and unit type, position duties, whether working-at-height and dust and high-temperature allowances and schedule and quality bonuses are included, and the statistical measure and source date must all be stated.
Insufficient evidence: no national single-occupation wage definition was obtained.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
Editorial verification of the real project quantity, schedule, and settlement terms; the Chinese peak-season intensity or a guaranteed income increase was not verified, and no causal conclusion is drawn.
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
Editorial comparison of position operations/region/unit and project, piece-rate or employment method, actual hours/settlement, and shift lead responsibility; the magnitude of impact was not estimated, and no pay raise is promised.
Editorial trial candidate: whether dimensions, layout, material lists, and record organization are suited to AI must be verified with the approved design, on-site measurement, and manual review; conventional layout, quantity takeoff, and detailing design tools are kept separate from generative AI. No occupational adoption or efficiency evidence was obtained this round, and wage or hiring conclusions cannot be inferred from it.
This page provides no recruitment quotes or personal income promises; missing items remain missing and are not replaced by industry averages or adjacent occupations.
Wages disclosed on an hourly basis cannot be used to directly derive a stable annual or monthly income without the individual's hours and overtime and schedule arrangements.
Employment size, projected change, and projected openings answer different questions and cannot be combined into an individual hiring probability; this occupation is projected as average and includes substantial replacement demand.
The industry wage table only shows the coverage of this occupation in a specific industry and statistical period and cannot represent all enterprises and projects.
BLS and O*NET have different uses: O*NET provides task and work context and preparation level profiles, while OEWS provides wage statistics; when citing them, keep each definition separately.
Median 58,930 USD per year (28.33 USD per hour); annual percentiles 38,460 / 47,440 / 58,930 / 74,230 / 102,010 USD; hourly percentiles 18.49 / 22.81 / 28.33 / 35.69 / 49.04 USD.
Percentiles are distribution positions: about 10% of people are below 38,460 USD per year and about 10% are above 102,010 USD per year; they are not a starting pay or upper limit promise.
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality.
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute.
The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
The work scenario is interior fit-out sites and ceiling and interior wall work faces in rooms or corridors and large buildings; working-at-height and fire protection and acceptance requirements differ considerably between enterprises and projects.
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute. 2025 U.S. 47-2081 national annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles 38,460/47,440/58,930/74,230/102,010 USD; hourly 18.49/22.81/28.33/35.69/49.04 USD, with the original figures correctly retained. OEWS employed straight-time pre-tax wages include applicable tips, commissions, and production bonuses and the like and exclude self-employment, overtime premiums, shift differentials, and non-production bonuses and the like; piece-rate or outsourced dispatched employees are not automatically excluded, and all allowances cannot be excluded across the board. Percentiles are not starting pay, seniority levels, personal caps, or a stable monthly income.
2025 U.S. 47-2081 national annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles 38,460/47,440/58,930/74,230/102,010 USD; hourly 18.49/22.81/28.33/35.69/49.04 USD, with the original figures correctly retained. OEWS employed straight-time pre-tax wages include applicable tips, commissions, and production bonuses and the like and exclude self-employment, overtime premiums, shift differentials, and non-production bonuses and the like; piece-rate or outsourced dispatched employees are not automatically excluded, and all allowances cannot be excluded across the board. Percentiles are not starting pay, seniority levels, personal caps, or a stable monthly income.
This page uses only exact occupation definitions and data for the periods listed; proxy definitions are not written as exact facts about this occupation.
When comparing opportunities, keep region, period, occupation code, and hours definitions consistent and verify industry, project type, hourly or piece-rate method, and benefits.
The exact U.S. BLS line and the OOH combined/components are verified separately and are not extrapolated to China, individual hiring, or AI causality. BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality.
Observation signal four: able to accept schedule and milestone and piece-rate or quota rhythms and willing to do layout and inspection and close-out and record keeping.
Trainable abilities include reading drawings and layout and marking, stud and hanger and connector installation and leveling, panel and acoustic tile hoisting and securing, opening and irregular and corner and joint and edging treatment, and substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed acceptance and working-at-height safety and records.
O*NET57 context feedback: standing continuously 92%, use of hands 83% (more than half 17), contact with others 88%, walking 78%; heights every day 72% / weekly but not every day 18%, face-to-face every day 68% / monthly but not weekly 26%, deadlines every day 52% / weekly but not every day 42%. Decision freedom very large 54% / some 36%, accuracy extremely important 37% / very important 50% / important 13%, decisions every day 74%, common protective equipment every day 61%, responsibility for others' safety very high 45% / high 34%. Continuous ladder climbing 47% / more than half 21%, continuous bending and twisting 52% / about half 20%, minor burns and cuts and similar exposure every day 34% / weekly but not every day 34% (not an injury rate); hazardous equipment every day 20% / weekly but not every day 43%. Error extremely serious 30% / very serious 17% / fairly serious 26%, continuous kneeling and squatting 31%; regular 94% does not mean no overtime; no automation 55% / slight 38% does not mean a GenAI adoption rate. Typical weekly hours and proportions for anger/violence were not provided this round and are not filled in as 0 or used to infer no risk; for contaminants only weekly but not every day 14% and monthly but not weekly 19% and so on are shown, and no daily dust proportion is invented.
Reverse signals include expecting an office or only watching others build, being unwilling to wear protective equipment and follow working-at-height and fire protection and electrical and hoisting safety requirements, finding it hard to keep precision and patience when carrying and repeatedly aligning and working at height, or expecting to move into a management position quickly.
Verification method: first do the paper exercise on this page (arrange the ceiling and partition framing and panel installation sequence according to the drawings and clear height, write stud and hanger and leveling and reverse bracing notes, and fill in substrate and suspension fitting inspection and opening and edging and anomaly records), then observe your own tolerance for heights and dust and handling and schedule rhythm at a supervised site or in training.
Official interest code RC; not used for personality diagnosis or hiring decisions.
Official interest code RC (Realistic + Conventional): mainly operating tools and installing materials and equipment at building sites and handling on-site and structural problems (Realistic, with subfields including physical labor and construction and carpentry), and working according to drawings and specifications and standards and records (Conventional).
Interests only indicate directions for exploration; actual fit is verified through supervised actual construction and team observation.
What kind of person is suited to this job?
Suited to people willing to stand and climb for long periods at interior fit-out sites and carry panels and studs, to work according to drawings and design and working-at-height and safety requirements, and to stay careful about flatness and joints and alignment under heights and dust and rush pressure.
This is work sample and on-site observation verification, not personality diagnosis or a hiring conclusion.
Verification action: complete one installation sequence and stud and hanger and opening and edging exercise using the fictional drawings and layout and stud and hanger arrangement and panel materials on this page, and participate in one complete cycle of drawing reading, framing, installation, and inspection at a supervised site or in training, observing your own reactions to heights and dust and handling and schedule rhythm.
Given repetitive layout and stud installation and panel securing and inspection, can you stay accurate and patient?
Verify through actual observation at a supervised site and feedback from the team.
Installation and inspection
Interest assessments only indicate directions for exploration and are not personality diagnosis or hiring conclusions.
Can you maintain attention and accuracy on flatness and joints under heights and dust and rush pressure?
Observe performance during rush periods and complex ceilings and working-at-height periods at a supervised site.
Would you rather install with your hands at a fit-out site, or do detailing design and layout and quantity takeoff work?
Compare the preference for on-site installation versus desk detailing design through a position experience.
Preference descriptions are not ability conclusions.
Can you accept schedule and milestones and piece-rate or quota rhythms and the working-at-height routine?
Check against actual schedule and work experiences and your own schedule arrangements.
Not used as a hiring basis.
When the structure is uneven or there are substrate hazards or conflicting opening positions or safety hazards, can you first ensure safety per the procedures and then handle and report?
Observe the handling order and reporting method through a simulated scenario.
Not used as an ability score.
Collaboration boundaries
Can you hand over clearly with the team leader and the tapers and carpenters and water and electricity and HVAC and inspection?
Verify through handover and records and feedback from counterparties.
Installation work surface: drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate
Can you lay out accurately according to the drawings and design specifications and clear height and elevations and install studs and hangers and substrate
Pay attention to stud and hanger specifications and spacing and the firmness of the substrate and suspension fittings and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment.
Installation work surface: installation and fabrication and openings and edging and joints
Can you hoist and secure panels per the design and handle openings and expansion joints and joints and edging
Cutting and jointing carelessly, omitting expansion joints, and not treating joints are not allowed.
Carpentry direction: wood structures and doors and windows and formwork
Can you cut and install and correct wood structural framing and doors and windows and formwork according to wood structure codes
Pay attention to wood structure and fire protection and anti-corrosion and dimensions and correction.
Plastering direction: substrate preparation and plastering and finishing
Can you prepare the substrate and trowel and finish according to the plastering process and ensure flatness and bonding
Pay attention to substrate wetting and mix ratio and layering and curing.
Tile and stone direction: laying and grouting and hollowing control
Can you lay tile and stone according to laying codes and grout and handle hollowing and drainage
Pay attention to waterproofing and leveling and the bonding layer and hollowing and grouting.
Insulation direction: laying insulation and soundproofing materials
Can you lay insulation and soundproofing materials according to insulation and energy efficiency requirements and handle securing and joints and moisture protection
Pay attention to material specifications and joints and moisture protection and securing.
Can you remember the key points of drawings, design dimensions, stud specifications, and working-at-height safety?
Can you accept on-site feedback from the team leader and technical lead and improve immediately?
When facing rush work or uneven structure or working at height or safety hazards, can you stay restrained and handle it per the process?
Are you interested in drywall and ceiling installation work itself?
Interest is the starting point; more reliable is experiencing one complete cycle of drawing reading and framing and installation and inspection at a supervised site.
Does it require a lot of communication with strangers?
Contact 88%, face-to-face daily 68% / monthly but not weekly 26%; collaborating with colleagues is not the same as dealing with unfamiliar clients; external customers are extremely important 30% / not important at all 34%, and individual extroversion cannot be inferred from the overall feedback.
Are there education and qualification requirements?
The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 provides for renewal within 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with more than 6 years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations. GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
Can you accept heights and dust and handling motions?
O*NET57 context feedback: standing continuously 92%, use of hands 83% (more than half 17), contact with others 88%, walking 78%; heights every day 72% / weekly but not every day 18%, face-to-face every day 68% / monthly but not weekly 26%, deadlines every day 52% / weekly but not every day 42%. Decision freedom very large 54% / some 36%, accuracy extremely important 37% / very important 50% / important 13%, decisions every day 74%, common protective equipment every day 61%, responsibility for others' safety very high 45% / high 34%. Continuous ladder climbing 47% / more than half 21%, continuous bending and twisting 52% / about half 20%, minor burns and cuts and similar exposure every day 34% / weekly but not every day 34% (not an injury rate); hazardous equipment every day 20% / weekly but not every day 43%. Error extremely serious 30% / very serious 17% / fairly serious 26%, continuous kneeling and squatting 31%; regular 94% does not mean no overtime; no automation 55% / slight 38% does not mean a GenAI adoption rate. Typical weekly hours and proportions for anger/violence were not provided this round and are not filled in as 0 or used to infer no risk; for contaminants only weekly but not every day 14% and monthly but not weekly 19% and so on are shown, and no daily dust proportion is invented. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered, and it does not mean waiting for a leader's permission or self-signing a restart for ordinary quality anomalies; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
Where should a beginner start practicing?
Start with reading drawings and layout and studs and hangers and panel securing and openings and joints and working-at-height safety, then learn concealed inspection and coordination and close-out; you can practice at a supervised site or in training, and do not skip working-at-height and fire protection and electrical safety.
Should I take a personality assessment first?
You can use it as a starting point for self-understanding, but do not use it to decide whether to enter the occupation; a more reliable way is to complete the paper exercise on this page and experience one complete installation cycle.
Complete the paper exercise on this page and seek one supervised site or training experience, recording your true feelings about heights and dust and handling and schedule rhythm.
O*NET 47-2081.00 tasks and work context: used to explain the site and safety and load and skill requirements of this occupation.
BLS/OEWS: used to explain wage and employment definitions and statistical positions.
Real enterprise/project systems were not obtained; a human resources homepage does not prove specific authorization.
Interest assessment tools: only indicate directions for exploration and are not used for personality diagnosis or hiring decisions.
Actual adjacent profile comparison, not automatic mutual recognition.
The insulation worker 47-2131 task profile supports adjacent task comparison; masonry and painting are cited separately from this page's respective sources and do not represent mutual recognition of qualifications.
Quality clauses and new standard announcements/safety regulations; the hard brick profile is not used to prove Chinese codes.
Editorial observation suggestions are distinguished from occupational facts, and the insulation profile is not the author of this page.
Verify the reverse bracing condition at an end distance of 1500mm per 7.1.11 and the upper structure or 2500mm transfer layer condition per 7.1.14, with load-bearing construction per the current codes and the design; original 7.1.12 is repealed.
Verify the actual expansion/separation joint design for large-area or narrow-long ceilings per clause 7.1.15, and openings and edging follow the actual design, without requiring the same joint for all dimensions.
Verify operations, fire and electricity use/equipment per Articles 27/31—34 of the Regulations and the applicable protection plan, and the page does not define the same harness for all heights; in emergencies that endanger personal safety, stop according to law or take necessary measures and then evacuate.
Editorial suggestion: verify the real handover/reporting and documentation duties; accident hazards are reported immediately without delaying personal protection; the responsible persons and procedures for stop-work rectification/restart/acceptance were not obtained, so recovery cannot be self-authorized.
Risks and control points for drywall and ceiling tile installers
First identify six categories of risk: drawing and clear height errors, substrate and suspension fitting defects, improper studs and hangers, improper openings and joints and edging, height and electrical and fire safety, and delayed records and anomaly reporting.
The risk scenarios are editorial analysis; the actual clauses of the standards, personnel/unit duties, and data feedback are kept separate, and probabilities or recovery procedures are not treated as verified. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered, and it does not mean waiting for a leader's permission or self-signing a restart for ordinary quality anomalies; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
This page cannot be used to replace quality acceptance and working-at-height and fire protection and firefighting and work safety regulations or this project's systems and local rules.
View risks at the interior fit-out installation site
Drawings and design specifications and construction and the room's clear height and opening elevations are not checked clearly, resulting in elevations and openings and clear height not matching and rework.
Causes rework and material waste and schedule delay.
Substrate and suspension fitting defects
Closing panels without checking the firmness and anti-corrosion treatment of the substrate and embedded parts and suspension fittings and connectors, resulting in sagging and falling off.
Causes safety hazards and quality accidents.
Stud and hanger specifications and spacing and end distances and reverse bracing and transfer layers do not meet the design or standards.
Causes ceiling deformation and cracked joints and insufficient load capacity.
Improper openings and joints and edging
Openings and irregular and corner boards and expansion joints and joints and edging are not treated per the design.
Causes unacceptable appearance and quality and later cracking.
Height and electrical and fire safety
Working-at-height and electrical position
Protection/platform or fire and electricity use arrangements do not meet the actually applicable requirements, and falls, electric shock, or fire may occur; the specific on-site plan was not obtained.
Causes falls and electric shock and fire and personal injury.
Delayed records and anomaly reporting
Missing concealed works and inspection and installation records, or failure to report structural anomalies and safety hazards as required.
Causes an expanding accident and liability risk.
BLS/OEWS and O*NET: used for wage, employment, and work context and preparation level definitions.
The specific project systems were not obtained, and a unit homepage cannot prove them.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
The original OOH navigation is not a union; the actual occupation OOH for this round is registered separately.
NIST is not a working-at-height protection code; specific safety follows the Regulations and current codes.
| Entry directions | What you mainly do early on | Observation examples that can be prepared/asked about (editorial suggestion) | How to demonstrate it without experience | Difference from other directions |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Framing and substrate installation (entry) (editorial task grouping, may overlap) | Lay out according to the drawings and install metal or wood studs and hangers under mentoring. | Editorial observation example: accuracy of layout and stud arrangement and leveling, and shift lead comments. Actual recruitment thresholds and scoring standards are to be verified by the employer. | Paper layout and stud and hanger arrangement exercises, and shift lead comments from a supervised site. | Leans toward framing installation execution; construction, concealed acceptance, and signing authority must be verified against the project systems and the authorized party. |
| Panel and ceiling tile installation (editorial task grouping, may overlap) | Hoist and secure drywall and ceiling panels and install acoustic tiles. | Editorial observation example: pass rate for panel securing and flatness and joints, and shift lead comments. Actual recruitment thresholds and scoring standards are to be verified by the employer. | Panel hoisting and securing and joint and edging exercises. | Leans toward panel installation execution; structural safety and acceptance authority must be verified against the project systems and the authorized party. |
| Openings and edging and joints (editorial task grouping, may overlap) | Measure and cut openings and irregular and corner boards and trim panel edges and provide expansion joints. | Editorial observation example: opening and edging and expansion joint records, and inspection feedback. Actual recruitment thresholds and scoring standards are to be verified by the employer. | Opening and edging and expansion joint exercises. | Cutting openings/edging can be coordinated with the tapers; the OOH notes some workers both install and tape, so it is not absolutely assigned only to tapers. |
| Stud and trim fabrication (editorial task grouping, may overlap) | Cut and assemble metal studs and trim to size and optimize cutting. | Editorial observation example: cutting and assembly and tolerance records, and team comments. Actual recruitment thresholds and scoring standards are to be verified by the employer. | Cutting and assembly and tolerance exercises. | Leans toward fabrication and cutting; the specific duties of detailing design, quantity takeoff, and approval must be verified against the project arrangements. |
| Inspection and concealed acceptance support (editorial task grouping, may overlap) | Complete substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed works and installation records and cooperate with inspection. | Editorial observation example: accuracy of inspection and concealed and installation records, and inspection feedback. Actual recruitment thresholds and scoring standards are to be verified by the employer. | Substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed record exercises. | Leans toward inspection records and inspection cooperation; acceptance, rectification, and signing authority must be verified against the project systems. |
Construction and shift records
Editorial preparation suggestion: can provide the projects and operations and shifts and piece-rate or quota records you participated in. Whether it is required and the accepted form are verified by the actual employer and do not constitute a general hiring standard.
Training and safety and skill records
Editorial preparation suggestion: can provide installation skill or working-at-height or safety training and assessment records that fit the target position. Whether it is required and the accepted form are verified by the actual employer and do not constitute a general hiring standard.
Shift lead comments from a supervised site
Editorial preparation suggestion: can provide specific comments from the team leader or technical lead on layout and installation and inspection and cooperation. Whether it is required and the accepted form are verified by the actual employer and do not constitute a general hiring standard.
Record and verification habits
Editorial preparation suggestion: can provide verification examples of layout and stud and opening and concealed inspection records. Whether it is required and the accepted form are verified by the actual employer and do not constitute a general hiring standard.
A one-page installation flow summary
Use one page to write out the steps and checkpoints of drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate — installation and fabrication — coordination and inspection and close-out.
One correction record
Record how one elevation mismatch or improper stud spacing or opening deviation or cracked joint or safety hazard was discovered, how it was handled, and how repetition is avoided.
Installation and inspection templates
A self-made construction and sequence and material list, a stud and hanger arrangement and leveling and reverse bracing key points table, and an opening and edging and concealed inspection and anomaly reporting and handover form.
A reflection
Explain your feelings under heights and dust and handling and schedule rhythm and the links that still need practice, as well as questions about structural safety and working at height and quality boundaries.
| Scenario | What to verify | How to observe | What cannot be inferred from it |
|---|---|---|---|
| Before the interview and hiring | Verify the projects and operations and shifts and piece-rate or quota arrangements you can participate in, and whether you have the installation and working-at-height and safety training foundation required by the target position. | Ask about their understanding and actual practice of drawings and construction and stud and hanger specifications and concealed acceptance and working at height. | When conditions do not match, the enterprise and project decide, not the individual. |
| Training and mentoring period | Complete training in drawing reading and layout and studs and hangers and panel securing and openings and joints and working at height and safety, and complete limited installation and inspection and record tasks under mentoring. | Observe whether they install according to drawings and specifications, complete substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed records, and report anomalies as required. | If training and assessment are not passed or the working-at-height and safety requirements are not met, they must not work independently. |
| Supervised independent work period | Independently complete layout and framing and installation and openings and edging and inspection and records within the scope of authorization. | Spot-check layout and studs and openings and joints and concealed inspection and anomaly reporting timeliness. | If elevation mismatches or improper spacing or exceeding authorization or delayed reporting or safety problems recur, transfer handling to the shift lead and retrain. |
| Routine independent work period | Independently take on installation for a floor or operation or team and participate in quality and improvement and mentoring. | Verify concealed and inspection and installation pass rates and cooperation and schedule performance. | When structural or safety or quality incidents occur, report and handle per the system. |
| Qualification / preparation item | Who it mainly suits | Realistic job-seeking effect | Whether it is a general entry threshold | Registration / application conditions | Investment considerations | Important limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ceiling quality standard and quality control (not a personal certificate) | Applies to ceiling project participating units/positions | Verify materials/concealed works/installation per the approved design and current codes | A project requirement does not equal acceptance qualification for every worker | GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. | Actual course/rectification costs were not obtained | GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. |
| Construction safety/special operation qualification | Verify by the actual operations and jurisdiction | Regulations training and protection; special operations require the corresponding certificate | The ordinary installation job title cannot be used to infer that all workers are exempt from certification or that every worker requires the same certificate | GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations. | ||
| Material and fire protection and electrical requirements | Materials and construction and electrical management personnel | Compliance requirement: wood studs and wood panels in ceiling works should receive fire protection treatment and should meet the provisions of the relevant design fire protection standards; temporary power and power tools should be used according to the project safety systems. | Depends on the project and design requirements. | GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. | ||
| On-the-job training (specific time to be verified separately) | Target entrants | BLS typical medium-term OJT; the OOH combined narrative usually gives a duration of up to 12 months | Not all enterprises mandate a few weeks or the same course | The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. | Actual course fees were not obtained | The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. |
| Installation and inspection and concealed acceptance training | Installation and inspection personnel | On-site capability: helps complete layout and installation and concealed inspection and records according to drawings and standards. | Depends on the enterprise and project quality and safety system requirements. | Follow the education and assessment under Articles 36/37 of the Regulations and clause 2.0.11 of the quality standard; specific position courses must be verified separately | Training time. | Training is not equivalent to obtaining an external acceptance or inspection qualification. |
| Adjacent direction skills (carpentry or plastering or tile and stone or insulation) | People who wish to move to an adjacent position | Direction-related: prepares for the carpentry or plastering or tile and stone or insulation direction, but does not change this occupation's duty boundaries. | No: it belongs to the skills and experience of an adjacent direction. | Participate according to the recruitment and skill and safety requirements of the target position. | Transfer time. | Experience in an adjacent direction does not mean one can take on structural safety or fire protection or acceptance or masonry duties. |
The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
The specific target trade, local certificates, and enterprise arrangements must be verified; page exploration exercises cannot replace job training, licensing, or formal acceptance.
Entering drywall and ceiling installation is not a matter of signing up for a single course; first verify the projects and operations and shifts and piece-rate arrangements of the target position, and whether working-at-height training and installation skills and quality and safety rules are required.
Stage one: use fictional drawings and layout and stud and hanger and panel materials to practice the installation sequence and stud arrangement and openings and edging and records.
Stage two: complete limited installation and inspection and record tasks at a supervised site, and keep shift lead feedback and correction records.
Fictional materials
1 set of fictional drawings and design specifications and room clear height and opening elevations, 1 set of stud and hanger and connector arrangement drawings and a panel list, a substrate and suspension fitting inspection sheet and an opening and edging and concealed inspection and anomaly reporting and handover form template, and 3 items on a site deviation and safety hazard list.
All materials are fictional and contain no real project or structural information unrelated to you.
Portfolio task
Within 40 minutes, arrange the ceiling and partition framing and panel installation sequence according to the drawings and the room's clear height, write a paragraph on hanger and main stud and cross stud arrangement and leveling and reverse bracing according to the stud specifications, and fill in one substrate and suspension fitting inspection and opening and edging and anomaly record.
Do only paper verification and plan design, without contact with real construction sites, heights, or power tools, and without a structural or fire protection or construction quality acceptance conclusion.
Reference result
The installation sequence is sorted by drawings and clear height and operations and room and 3 site deviations and safety hazards are marked; the stud and hanger note includes specifications and spacing and end distances and leveling and reverse bracing and transfer layer key points; the inspection and records include substrate and suspension fitting defects and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment and openings and edging and anomaly reporting items.
The reference result is for self-checking and is not the only correct answer.
Boundary statement
The exercise is for career exploration and does not constitute job training, a working-at-height qualification, or quality acceptance authorization; real interior fit-out installation and working at height and fire protection and electrical and structural safety and construction acceptance must be undertaken by organizations and personnel with the corresponding training and qualifications that follow the regulations and standards of the relevant jurisdiction and this project's requirements.
Day 1: understand the material
Read the fictional drawings and design specifications and room clear height and openings and stud and site materials, circle uncertain items, and write a question list.
Day 2: layout and framing
Arrange the ceiling and partition framing and panel installation sequence according to the drawings and clear height and mark items to be confirmed.
Day 3: studs and hangers
Write a paragraph on arrangement and leveling and reverse bracing and transfer layers according to the stud and hanger specifications.
Day 4: openings and edging
Write a paragraph on openings and irregular and corner boards and expansion joints and joints and edging according to the design.
Day 5: inspection and records
Fill in one substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed and opening and edging and anomaly reporting and handover form.
Day 6: repeat under time limits
Redo it under time limits and record your energy and the types of errors.
Day 7: compare and decide
Compare the two versions of the plan and write down continue / caution / stop and the reasons.
Entry, qualifications, and career development
Editorial task grouping and early task examples (may overlap)
Entry requirements, quality acceptance, and working-at-height and safety boundaries are verified by the specific jurisdiction, enterprise, and project; the exercises on this page do not constitute job training or a working-at-height qualification or quality acceptance authorization.
GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
Drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate
Study the drawings and design specifications and measure and lay out and mark, install metal or wood studs and hangers and lath substrate and insulation and moisture barrier and check the verticality and levelness of the substrate and suspension fittings.
Installation and fabrication
Cut and assemble studs and trim, hoist and secure drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles, measure and cut openings and irregular and corner boards and trim panel edges and provide expansion joints and seal joints.
Coordination and inspection and close-out
Coordinate joint treatment with the tapers, inspect the studs and suspension fittings and masonry surfaces, remove existing plaster or panels and clean up and close out and report when anomalies occur.
Shift leading and mentoring
Take part in construction and sequence and material and concealed acceptance and safety improvement, keep records and hand over, and mentor new installation personnel.
Drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate
Entry assistance
Read drawings and lay out and install studs and hangers and substrate under mentoring.
Able to organize and mark uncertain items according to the drawings and clear height and opening elevations.
Take training and obtain the necessary authorization as required by the enterprise and project.
After becoming proficient, expand to more construction types and room types.
Stable execution
Independently complete drawing reading and layout and framing and substrate installation and leveling and maintain efficiency during peak periods.
Layout and stud and leveling records and shift lead comments.
Take retraining per the system.
Learn complex ceilings and curved and damp area construction.
Complex collaboration
Collaborate among different construction types and floors and operations and teams and handle layout and framing problems.
Multi-operation collaboration and layout and framing records and supervisor comments.
Take quality and safety training per the system.
Take part in construction and process improvement.
Shift leading and responsibility
Lead a shift and take responsibility for the layout and framing and quality of one floor or operation.
Shift lead records and concealed and inspection spot check records.
Take shift leading and management training per the system.
Develop toward technical lead or team leader.
Installation and fabrication
Panel hoisting and securing
Hoist and secure drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles and control flatness and joints.
Panel installation and flatness and joint records.
Take panel and hoisting training per the system.
Expand to more panel types and ceiling types.
Openings and edging
Measure and cut openings and irregular and corner boards and trim panel edges and provide expansion joints.
Opening and edging and expansion joint records.
Take opening and edging training per the system.
Take part in joint and edging process improvement.
Stud and trim fabrication
Cut and assemble metal studs and trim to size and optimize cutting.
Cutting and assembly and tolerance records.
Take fabrication and cutting training per the system.
Learn layout and quantity takeoff and waste control.
Joints and coordination
Coordinate joint treatment with the tapers and cooperate with the concealed and finish operations.
Joint and coordination and concealed records.
Take joint and coordination training per the system.
Develop toward technical lead or team leader.
Coordination and inspection and close-out
Substrate and suspension fitting inspection
Inspect the firmness, verticality, levelness, and anti-corrosion and fire protection treatment of the substrate and embedded parts and suspension fittings and connectors.
Substrate and suspension fitting inspection and concealed records.
Take quality and inspection training per the system.
Take part in concealed acceptance and inspection process improvement.
Demolition and cleanup
Remove existing plaster or drywall or panels and clean up and close out.
Demolition and cleanup and safety records.
Take demolition and safety training per the system.
Learn demolition and renovation and safety plans.
Anomalies and reporting
Report and handle structural anomalies and safety hazards and quality problems as required.
Anomaly reporting and handling and handover records.
Take safety and emergency training per the system.
Take part in emergency plans and reporting process improvement.
Shift leading and mentoring
Take part in construction and sequence and concealed acceptance and safety improvement and mentor new installation personnel.
Shift leading and mentoring records and improvement records.
Take shift leading and quality training per the system.
Develop toward technical lead or team leader.
BLS/OEWS and O*NET: used for wage, employment, and work context and preparation level definitions.
Real project/employer courses and authorization were not obtained, and a homepage is not used as a substitute.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
The original link is wage navigation, not training, regulations, or employment arrangements; verify specifics against BLS and the Regulations separately.
National projections are not local or individual opportunities; O*NET categories and BLS precise figures are not mixed. BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality.
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute.
When looking at real opportunities, record the city and region, industry and unit type and project scale, whether the position is installation or taping or insulation or painting, whether it is hourly or piece-rate or contract work, whether it includes working-at-height and dust and schedule bonuses and overtime, and deduplicate by source instead of looking at a single job advertisement.
Career outlook and transitions to related occupations
U.S. statistics apply only to 47-2081.00 and the periods listed and are not extrapolated to Chinese positions or a specific project.
Enterprise and project employment and pay arrangements vary by organization; this page provides no promise of hiring or income.
Job advertisements reflect demand only at the time they are posted and cannot represent the national market or long-term trends.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Carpenters 47-2031 build wood or comparable material structures/frames/doors and windows/floors and so on and may also install wallboard and roll insulation, so they are not absolutely mutually exclusive with this occupation; supplement wood structures/the target process.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Plastering 47-2161 internal and external plastering/cement/stucco and decorative plastering; supplement mixing, substrate, layering, and finishes.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Hard tile and stone 47-2044 is used for walls/floors/ceilings/countertops/roofs and is not equivalent to acoustic ceiling tiles; supplement bonding and laying and the target material.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Floor, ceiling, and wall insulation 47-2131 may be roll/felt/blown-in and is not limited to boards; supplement the thermal/acoustic performance and installation of the actual material.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Masonry 47-2021 builds and repairs walls, arches, and drains with bricks, structural bricks/blocks/glass blocks and mortar; supplement masonry and do not assume this occupation already has masonry experience.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Painting 47-2141 covers brushing, rolling, and spraying of walls/equipment/bridges and may include removing old paint/mixing colors; supplement surface preparation and coating processes, not only interior decoration.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Glazing 47-2121 covers windows/skylights/storefronts/showcases/interior walls, ceilings, and countertops and is not limited to curtain walls; supplement glass equipment and installation protection.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
Editorial transferable abilities to be verified by the individual: drawing reading/measurement, installation or materials/site coordination; no assumption of already having the target trade.
Construction labor 47-2061 may involve power tools, measuring equipment, trenches/support/scaffolding, and assistance and is not limited to carrying and cleaning; supplement the actual target task permits/training.
Editorial comparison, verified against the real skill gap and target conditions; no promise about transfer time, exemption from training, or mutual recognition.
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality. O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed. Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 provides for renewal within 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with more than 6 years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
Real Chinese project recruitment/employment systems were not obtained; verify specifics against BLS and the Regulations.
O*NET 47-2081.00: used for tasks, work context, and preparation level.
This page's occupation installs metal or wood studs and paper-faced drywall and ceiling panels and acoustic tiles indoors according to drawings and handles openings and joints and edging; carpenters build wood structural framing and doors and windows and formwork; plasterers apply plaster and stucco and finish substrates. The materials and processes and basis differ and cannot be interchanged by name.
AI and layout and quantity takeoff and detailing design tools can assist with drawing and dimension reading and layout and quantity takeoff, stud and hanger arrangement and leveling calculation, and opening positioning and inspection and record archiving, but they cannot replace judgment of construction and sequence and clear height and elevations, handling of structural safety and working at height and fire protection, on-site handling of openings and joints and concealed acceptance, or installation and inspection responsibility; this page has no evidence of adoption rates or substitution timelines for this occupation.
Drawing and dimension reading and layout and quantity takeoff, stud and hanger arrangement and leveling calculation, and opening positioning and inspection and photo and record archiving tools; these tools improve efficiency, but judgment of construction and structural safety and working at height and quality remains the responsibility of people.
The ability to lay out and install according to drawings and design specifications and clear height and elevations, to arrange studs and hangers and reverse bracing by specification and standards, to work per working-at-height and fire protection and electrical requirements, to keep records of concealed and inspection and reporting, and to handle situations on site under site dimension deviations and uneven structures and material differences.
In the U.S. BLS 2025 wage data, the median is 58,930 USD per year (28.33 USD per hour), annual percentiles are 38,460 / 47,440 / 58,930 / 74,230 / 102,010 USD, and hourly percentiles are 18.49 / 22.81 / 28.33 / 35.69 / 49.04 USD. Mainland China has no corresponding national single-occupation definition, so no median or percentiles are given, and industry average wages serve only as a visible industry proxy. When comparing real positions, verify the city and region, industry and unit type and project scale, whether it is installation or taping or insulation or painting, whether it is hourly or piece-rate or contract work, whether it includes working-at-height and dust and schedule bonuses, and the pre-tax and post-tax definitions.
U.S. feedback shows 42% require less than high school graduation, 24% require a high school diploma or equivalent, and 19% require a postsecondary certificate (that page shows only these three, totaling 85%, and this page does not fill in the remaining 15% itself), with mentoring and on-the-job training being predominant. Mainland China does not set a unified access-type occupational qualification for this occupation, but ceiling works should be carried out in accordance with the current national standard GB 50210-2018 and this project's design documents, and working at height should follow JGJ 80 and similar requirements.
This occupation has no unified license in the United States; mainland China does not set a unified access-type occupational qualification for this occupation, but ceiling works should be carried out in accordance with the current national standard Standard for Construction Quality Acceptance of Building Decoration (GB 50210-2018) and this project's design documents (including material and concealed acceptance and stud and hanger requirements), and working at height should follow the Technical Code for Safety of Working at Height in Building Construction (JGJ 80) and the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety and the Work Safety Law of the People's Republic of China, with stable platforms and protection installed and protective equipment such as safety harnesses worn.
First do the paper exercise on this page (arrange the installation sequence according to the drawings and clear height, write stud and hanger and leveling and reverse bracing notes, and fill in substrate and suspension fitting inspection and opening and edging and anomaly records), then seek a supervised site or training experience; at the same time confirm that you can accept heights and dust and handling and schedule rhythm, and confirm quality acceptance and working-at-height and safety boundaries per the enterprise and project and standard requirements.
Consider the site and safety load (standing continuously 92%, exposure to heights every day 72%, continuous climbing of ladders or scaffolds 47%, continuous bending or twisting 52%, minor burns or cuts every day 34%, exposure to hazardous equipment every day 20%) and the consequences of error (extremely serious 30%, very serious 17%, fairly serious 26%), as well as quality acceptance and working-at-height and fire protection and electrical responsibilities.
FermatMind career content production
O*NET/BLS exact occupation and OOH components, the NBS construction industry proxy, the text of GB50210 /GB55032 and the 55034 announcement, the construction safety Regulations and the 2026 special operation rules; lookup entries and texts are kept separate in the support.
2026-10-09
Source scopes, limitations, and statistical periods are verified separately against the original evidence; data not obtained is visibly marked in the corresponding place.
Verify the difference between wood structure and doors and windows and formwork duties and this occupation's drywall and ceiling installation duties.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only and does not represent automatic job transfer or mutual recognition of qualifications.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only and does not represent automatic job transfer or mutual recognition of qualifications.
2026-09-19
Verify the difference between the painting operation and this occupation's installation operation.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
2026-09-19
Verify the difference between insulation and soundproofing material laying duties and this occupation's installation duties.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
2026-09-19
The original occupation lookup navigation is not evidence of a specific OOH component; r5-ooh is added as the actually verified occupation text.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation entry
Occupation-specific
The first-hand outlook page for this occupation was not obtained this round; no specific figure for this occupation is inferred from an entry page.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China / State Council / Chinese government website
Mainland China
Current standards and regulations; accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
Industry reference
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
Verify the difference between general on-site labor duties and this occupation's installation duties.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
2026-09-19
Verify the difference between masonry and load-bearing enclosure duties and this occupation's installation duties.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
2026-09-19
Verify the difference between glass and curtain wall installation duties and this occupation's installation duties.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
State Administration for Market Regulation / Standardization Administration of China / National Public Service Platform for Standards Information
Mainland China
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
Industry reference
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
Industry reference
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
Verify the difference between tile and stone laying duties and this occupation's installation duties.
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
O*NET OnLine
United States
O*NET updated 2026; accessed 2026-09-19
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
For adjacent-occupation comparison only.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
O*NET OnLine
United States
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
Occupation-specific
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
2025; accessed 2026-09-19
official industry wage statistics
Industry reference
National Bureau of Statistics 2025 construction urban non-private units 92,036 / private 66,275 yuan pre-tax annual average, an industry proxy and not the median, percentiles, starting pay, or monthly wage for drywall and ceiling installation. The statistical subjects are employed persons in legal entity units with 5 or more people, excluding self-employment and freelance work and not fully excluding piece-rate, outsourced/dispatched employees, or crew members. Insufficient evidence: no exact national occupational wage for China or real recruitment pay or contract samples were obtained; it is not claimed that the country has never published them, nor is a uniform daily wage or general allowances and bonuses or a guaranteed peak-season income increase asserted.
2026-10-09
Support incorporating system outputs into a governable process: clear purpose, validation, human oversight, record keeping, and risk handling.
Provides risk management methods and does not provide adoption rates, substitution probabilities, or compliance conclusions for this occupation.
U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology
United States
NIST AI 100-1, 2023; accessed 2026-09-19
official guidance
Industry reference
Provides risk management methods and does not provide adoption rates, substitution probabilities, or compliance conclusions for this occupation.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025 wage data definition; accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
Occupation-specific
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
U.S. 47-2081.00 installs wallboard such as drywall to ceilings/interior walls and installs acoustic tiles or block, strip, and sheet vibration-damping materials; it includes wood, metal, or rockboard lath substrates. acoustical tile is not equivalent to all ceramic tile, and rockboard is not rock wool. Its 24 tasks are 18Core/6Supplemental: reading drawings 85, measuring and laying out 85, cutting and assembling metal frames 80, hoisting wallboard 80, securing wallboard 80, opening holes 79, cutting framing and trim to size 77, cutting edge boards 76, coordinating with tapers 74, trimming panel edges 74, horizontal and vertical studs 73, metal/rockboard substrate 72, insulation and moisture barrier 69, frames and trim 65, cutting panel edges where there is no wall line 65, positioning with ceiling wires 60, installing acoustic material 58, and removing old plaster and panels 58 are Core; suspending angle grid 58, sealing ceiling panel-to-wall joints 55, checking substrate verticality and levelness 49, metal lath for damp/curved surfaces 47, substrate wood strips 44, and securing panels with adhesive and nails 41 are Supplemental. Importance is not the share of task time, and not everyone is required to perform every operation. The main duties differ from those of tapers, but the OOH notes that some workers both install and tape, so it cannot be said that they are absolutely mutually exclusive.
O*NET57 context feedback: standing continuously 92%, use of hands 83% (more than half 17), contact with others 88%, walking 78%; heights every day 72% / weekly but not every day 18%, face-to-face every day 68% / monthly but not weekly 26%, deadlines every day 52% / weekly but not every day 42%. Decision freedom very large 54% / some 36%, accuracy extremely important 37% / very important 50% / important 13%, decisions every day 74%, common protective equipment every day 61%, responsibility for others' safety very high 45% / high 34%. Continuous ladder climbing 47% / more than half 21%, continuous bending and twisting 52% / about half 20%, minor burns and cuts and similar exposure every day 34% / weekly but not every day 34% (not an injury rate); hazardous equipment every day 20% / weekly but not every day 43%. Error extremely serious 30% / very serious 17% / fairly serious 26%, continuous kneeling and squatting 31%; regular 94% does not mean no overtime; no automation 55% / slight 38% does not mean a GenAI adoption rate. Typical weekly hours and proportions for anger/violence were not provided this round and are not filled in as 0 or used to infer no risk; for contaminants only weekly but not every day 14% and monthly but not weekly 19% and so on are shown, and no daily dust proportion is invented.
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
International Labour Organization
Global
ILO 2025; accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
market_signal
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
Ministry of Human Resources and Social Security of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
accessed 2026-09-19
editorial method / navigation entry
Recruitment sample
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
contextual
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
contextual
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
Used to verify the license and certification and training lookup entry for this occupation.
That page does not list a mandatory certificate for this occupation; taking a post and working-at-height and safety and quality requirements follow the enterprise and project and jurisdiction.
O*NET OnLine
United States
accessed 2026-09-19
official guidance
Occupation-specific
That page does not list a mandatory certificate for this occupation; taking a post and working-at-height and safety and quality requirements follow the enterprise and project and jurisdiction.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
contextual
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025 wage data definition; accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
contextual
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development of the People's Republic of China
Mainland China
accessed 2026-09-19
official navigation / query entry
Industry reference
The existing URL is a lookup/department/navigation entry or an existing method page and does not replace specific regulations, occupational facts, recruitment samples, or on-site systems; this round's specific basis uses the newly added text sources.
2026-09-19
All part-time and full-time employees, straight-time pre-tax, excluding self-employment; includes applicable piece rates / commissions / production bonuses and some allowances, excludes overtime premiums / shift differentials and so on, and does not exclude performance pay across the board. Individual annual hours and take-home pay must be verified separately.
Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
Current method; searched in this batch 2026-10-09
official occupation data
Occupation-specific
All part-time and full-time employees, straight-time pre-tax, excluding self-employment; includes applicable piece rates / commissions / production bonuses and some allowances, excludes overtime premiums / shift differentials and so on, and does not exclude performance pay across the board. Individual annual hours and take-home pay must be verified separately.
2026-10-09
The Personal Information Protection Law applies to identifiable natural person information, lawful basis, clear purpose, minimum necessity, and secure handling; general organizational documents, business data, and user information cannot all be called sensitive personal information, and health and financial accounts and similar require separate verification of the sensitive scope under Article 28 and necessity, applicable separate consent, and impact assessment. State secrets, trade secrets, and personal information are separate legal concepts; de-identification is not anonymization, and an approved account does not automatically permit uploads to external AI. Other specific clauses on confidentiality, cybersecurity, and data were not verified item by item this round; verify against the real functions and supervisory rules, and do not falsely claim a full compliance review.
National People's Congress / Cyberspace Administration of China
Mainland China
2021 law; actually read in this batch; searched 2026-10-09
official law
contextual
The Personal Information Protection Law applies to identifiable natural person information, lawful basis, clear purpose, minimum necessity, and secure handling; general organizational documents, business data, and user information cannot all be called sensitive personal information, and health and financial accounts and similar require separate verification of the sensitive scope under Article 28 and necessity, applicable separate consent, and impact assessment. State secrets, trade secrets, and personal information are separate legal concepts; de-identification is not anonymization, and an approved account does not automatically permit uploads to external AI. Other specific clauses on confidentiality, cybersecurity, and data were not verified item by item this round; verify against the real functions and supervisory rules, and do not falsely claim a full compliance review.
2026-10-09
Voluntary AI governance recommendations are not Chinese construction technical standards or engineering acceptance authorization, nor a measurement of tool adoption or efficiency.
NIST
Cross-market
Voluntary framework 1.0; actually read in this batch; searched 2026-10-09
official framework
contextual
Voluntary AI governance recommendations are not Chinese construction technical standards or engineering acceptance authorization, nor a measurement of tool adoption or efficiency.
2026-10-09
This batch actually read the ILO2025 summary; for this occupation the reliable mapping and scoring between SOC47-2081 and ISCO were not verified, so it is not claimed that the full study has no score; exposure is not adoption, effect, or substitution.
ILO
Cross-market
2025 research summary; actually read in this batch; searched 2026-10-09
official research summary
contextual
This batch actually read the ILO2025 summary; for this occupation the reliable mapping and scoring between SOC47-2081 and ISCO were not verified, so it is not claimed that the full study has no score; exposure is not adoption, effect, or substitution.
2026-10-09
2025 U.S. 47-2081 national annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles 38,460/47,440/58,930/74,230/102,010 USD; hourly 18.49/22.81/28.33/35.69/49.04 USD, with the original figures correctly retained. OEWS employed straight-time pre-tax wages include applicable tips, commissions, and production bonuses and the like and exclude self-employment, overtime premiums, shift differentials, and non-production bonuses and the like; piece-rate or outsourced dispatched employees are not automatically excluded, and all allowances cannot be excluded across the board. Percentiles are not starting pay, seniority levels, personal caps, or a stable monthly income.
O*NET OnLine / BLS
United States
2025
official wage statistics
Occupation-specific
2025 U.S. 47-2081 national annual 10/25/50/75/90 percentiles 38,460/47,440/58,930/74,230/102,010 USD; hourly 18.49/22.81/28.33/35.69/49.04 USD, with the original figures correctly retained. OEWS employed straight-time pre-tax wages include applicable tips, commissions, and production bonuses and the like and exclude self-employment, overtime premiums, shift differentials, and non-production bonuses and the like; piece-rate or outsourced dispatched employees are not automatically excluded, and all allowances cannot be excluded across the board. Percentiles are not starting pay, seniority levels, personal caps, or a stable monthly income.
2026-10-09
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality. The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025—2035
official employment projections
Occupation-specific
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality. The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute. The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. Note that the combined and component figures are not interchangeable.
U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics
United States
2025/2025—2035
official occupation outlook
parent_proxy
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute. The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified. Note that the combined and component figures are not interchangeable.
Editorial candidates: drawing information extraction, cutting lists/material estimates, and inspection record organization can be verified on a small scale; they must be verified with on-site dimensions, the approved design, and manual review, no deployment, efficiency, missed-entry reduction, or substitution data for this occupation was obtained, and conventional quantity takeoff, OCR, or mechanical lifting is not equated with generative AI. The O*NET7 software categories include cost, database/business, Office, Windows, OCR scanning, estimating project management, and Word; the Hot3 skills show Office <1% of the denominator of all unique U.S. job postings for this occupation in 2025, and Windows/Word proportions were not given, are not filled in as 0, and do not represent an actual adoption rate. ILO exposure is not layoffs or adoption, and NIST governance is not a construction acceptance regulation.
O*NET / Lightcast
United States
2025 recruitment
job posting skill statistics
Occupation-specific
Editorial candidates: drawing information extraction, cutting lists/material estimates, and inspection record organization can be verified on a small scale; they must be verified with on-site dimensions, the approved design, and manual review, no deployment, efficiency, missed-entry reduction, or substitution data for this occupation was obtained, and conventional quantity takeoff, OCR, or mechanical lifting is not equated with generative AI. The O*NET7 software categories include cost, database/business, Office, Windows, OCR scanning, estimating project management, and Word; the Hot3 skills show Office <1% of the denominator of all unique U.S. job postings for this occupation in 2025, and Windows/Word proportions were not given, are not filled in as 0, and do not represent an actual adoption rate. ILO exposure is not layoffs or adoption, and NIST governance is not a construction acceptance regulation.
2026-10-09
Internal and external plaster/cement/stucco and similar, and decorative plastering is possible; comparison only, not mutual recognition.
O*NET OnLine
United States
Searched 2026-10-09
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
Internal and external plaster/cement/stucco and similar, and decorative plastering is possible; comparison only, not mutual recognition.
2026-10-09
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development / Jinan housing and urban-rural development public text
Mainland China
2018 text; some mandatory clauses repealed in 2023
official standard
Industry reference
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development / Hunan provincial government
Mainland China
2022 announcement; effective 2023-03-01
official standard announcement
Industry reference
GB55032-2022 has been in force since 2023-03-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails where inconsistent; the announcement repeals GB50210-2018 clauses 3.1.4/6.1.11/6.1.12/7.1.12/11.1.12, which does not mean repealing the whole standard. GB50210-2018 ceiling clause 7.1.2 requires verifying the design and materials/concealed works/construction records, and 7.1.3 requires re-testing formaldehyde in artificial wood panels; 7.1.4 concealed items include pipes and equipment/water pipe pressure tests and duct tightness, wood stud fire and anti-corrosion treatment, and embedded parts/hangers/studs/fill/reverse bracing transfer layers; 7.1.7 requires handover inspection of the clear height and openings and ceiling pipes and equipment support elevations before installing studs; 7.1.8 covers fire protection of wood studs and wood panels; 7.1.11 covers end distance <=300 mm, reverse bracing for hangers >1500 mm, and adjusting hangers or steel supports when equipment is encountered; 7.1.13 covers safe and reliable connections, and 7.1.14 covers providing a steel transfer layer for upper grid steel roof frames or hangers >2500 mm; 7.1.15 covers expansion/separation joints for large-area or narrow-long ceilings meeting the design. Original clause 7.1.12 prohibiting heavy and vibrating equipment on studs has been repealed and cannot stand alone as a current mandatory basis, and loads and fastening must be verified against current codes and the design. GB55032 was also actually read in this round for 2.0.1—2.0.11: responsibility/quality system, no unauthorized changes to the design, true, complete, and traceable records, and training and assessment and records; the remaining clauses were not read, so no full-text construction conclusion is claimed.
GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development / Shenzhen Municipal Construction Public Works Bureau
Mainland China
Effective 2023-06-01
official standard announcement
Industry reference
GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
State Council / Beijing municipal government
Mainland China
Effective 2004-02-01; current public text
official regulation
Industry reference
GB55034-2022 has been in force since 2023-06-01 and is fully mandatory, and it prevails in case of conflict; the announcement repeals JGJ80-2016 clauses 4.1.1/4.2.1/5.2.3/6.4.1/8.1.2, not the whole of JGJ80. This round verified the announcement, and the other specific technical clauses of GB55034 and JGJ80 were not verified; the standard name is not used to claim that any height uniformly requires the same harness/platform solution. Article 2 of the Regulations on the Administration of Construction Project Work Safety covers decoration; Article 27 requires construction technical disclosure signed by both parties, Article 31 requires the construction unit to have fire and electricity use systems, Article 32 requires providing protective equipment and informing workers of hazardous operations, Article 33 requires correct use, Article 36 requires training and assessment at least once a year, and Article 37 requires education and assessment for job changes/new sites/new processes. Article 32 provides the right to stop work immediately or take necessary emergency measures and then evacuate when personal safety is endangered. This does not impose a uniform stop-work rule for ordinary quality anomalies, require waiting for a leader's permission to exercise emergency rights, or authorize self-approved resumption of work; the specific on-site protection and restart plans were not obtained.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development / Beijing Municipal Commission of Housing and Urban-Rural Development
Mainland China
Effective 2026-06-01
official regulation
Industry reference
Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations.
| Local processing and actual training costs were not obtained |
| Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development Order No. 60, published 2025-12-17 and effective 2026-06-01, also repeals the 2008 Jian Zhi 75; Article 2 provides that the scope of hazardous special trades in housing and municipal works is set separately, and Article 3 requires dedicated training and assessment and working with the corresponding certificate, and the name 'ceiling installation' is not used to judge that all workers are exempt or that all workers share one certificate. Article 7 sets conditions such as being >=18, junior middle school or above, and health, and Article 9 requires passing both the theory and operation; Article 14 provides that the certificate is valid for 3 years, and Article 17 requires renewal no later than 30 working days before expiry and an annual health examination for renewal after age 60, so a simple blanket prohibition at 60 is not correct. Article 22 requires at least 6 months of internship for first-time certification and work under the guidance of someone with 6 or more years in the corresponding trade, and prohibits working independently; Article 23 covers employer duties including protection, disclosure, and reasonable arrangement, with continuous work <=4 hours and rest intervals >=1 hour, and it applies only to the applicable special trades and is not extended to all ordinary installers. Article 28 covers stopping in emergencies that endanger personal safety or taking necessary measures and then evacuating, and Article 29 covers immediate reporting of accident hazards to safety management or the unit head, with major hazards reportable directly to the housing and urban-rural development authority at or above the county level. This round did not obtain a separate trade catalog or all local processing and specific position determinations, which must be verified against the actual operations. |
| Compliance and rectification time. |
| The specific electrical/firefighting/fire protection processes must be verified against current codes and the project plan, and the clauses were not exhaustively covered this round. |
The O*NET new-hire education feedback is 42% less than high school, 24% high school or equivalent, and 19% postsecondary certificate, and the three shown total 85% without filling in the remainder. JZ1—2/SVP<6 is a preparation group with several days to one year of training, not that every position requires only a few weeks to learn. BLS47-2081 typical requires no formal education credential, related experience None, and medium-term on-the-job training; the OOH installation/taping combined narrative says OJT usually lasts up to 12 months, with some apprenticeships lasting 2—4 years and entry usually requiring high school, and it does not mean the whole occupation mandates the same course or is exempt from licensing; the specific U.S. state/local licenses were not exhaustively verified.
BLS47-2081 exact line: 2025 employment 102.2 thousand → 2035 projected 104.7 thousand, a net increase of 2.5 thousand, growth 2.5%; 2025—2035 annual average openings 6.6 thousand, about 6,600, including growth and replacement, not a ten-year total or annual net increase. The OOH exact line is rounded to 2%, and the O*NET category average 3%—4% differs from the precise figure; each source is retained and the precise conclusion follows the BLS line at 2.5%. The OOH47-2080 installation + taping combined 118000/2%/annual average 7600 cannot be used as this occupation's figure. Self-employment 19.4%; employment includes self-employment, while OEWS wages exclude self-employment; this does not represent Chinese demand, individual hiring, or AI causality.
O*NET2025 employment in construction for this occupation 78%; the OOH exact employer composition for this occupation is drywall and insulation contractors 61%, self-employment rounded to 19%, and nonresidential building construction 7%, kept separate from the BLS precise self-employment 19.4%; shares are not wages. OOH2025 industry annual median wages for this occupation are nonresidential building construction 67,180 and drywall and insulation contractors 58,850 USD, and the tapers/installation-taping combined wage is not used as a substitute.
O*NET OnLine / U.S. Department of Labor
United States
2026 page; 2025 wages /2025—2035 projection
official occupation profile
Occupation-specific
A U.S. task/context/preparation profile and does not prove Chinese qualifications, a uniform operation sequence, or all AI adoption.
2026-10-09
2026-10-09
2026-10-09
2026-10-09
2026-10-09
2026-10-09
2026-10-09
2026-10-09