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CE Holland Code careers (Conventional, Enterprising)

Explore occupations with an O*NET interest code corresponding to CE, see what the work involves, and compare related occupations.

These U.S. O*NET 31.0 codes describe the interests associated with work activities. See each profile for its tasks and entry requirements. O*NET 31.0

Occupations with the code CE

  • Brokerage Clerks

    Brokerage clerks check trade, instruction and position records and reconcile fees or dividends. Investment decisions and approvals follow separate authority.

    CE · 43-4011.00

  • Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks

    Payroll and timekeeping clerks (O*NET 43-3051.00) verify attendance, hours, and pay adjustments, enter payroll data, compute wages and deductions, review discrepancies, and produce pay statements, period-end reports, and handoff records. Specific taxes, social insurance, and payment approvals must follow the target jurisdiction's rules and employer authorization.

    CE · 43-3051.00

  • Customs Brokers

    Check declarations, classification, duties and client authorization, and follow up on customs messages or exceptions. Preparing documents, representing a client and arranging transport are different responsibilities; the title alone does not establish signing authority.

    CE · 13-1041.08

  • Treasurers and controllers

    Treasurers focus on cash, funding and liquidity; controllers focus on reporting, close and internal controls. Responsibilities vary by organization.

    CE · 11-3031.01

  • Bookkeeping, Accounting, and Auditing Clerks

    Bookkeeping, accounting and auditing clerks classify, post and check financial records. They reconcile entries and document differences; formal audit opinions require separate authority.

    CE · 43-3031.00

  • Cargo and Freight Agents

    Cargo and freight agents book transport, arrange pickup, check shipping documents, track milestones and hand off exceptions. Find out what the role can promise, who can release a shipment, and who handles customs or dangerous goods.

    CE · 43-5011.00

  • Production planning and expediting clerks

    Production planning and expediting clerks coordinate work orders and material flow between departments according to the production schedule, distribute and adjust schedules, check progress and completion dates with supervisors, and compile records of inventory, cost, bottlenecks, and delays. Schedule changes must note resource conditions and the approver, and expediting must not replace safety or quality judgment.

    CE · 43-5061.00

  • Gambling Change Persons and Booth Cashiers

    In licensed U.S. settings, these workers provide change services, maintain shift cashier records, check receipts or drawer counts and hand over the shift. Duties vary by booth and role authorization.

    CE · 41-2012.00

  • Tax preparers

    Tax preparers collect filing information from clients, check income and other records and complete the applicable forms. Conflicting information calls for verifying the source.

    CE · 13-2082.00

  • Gambling and Sports Book Writers and Runners

    In licensed U.S. settings, these workers may handle counter records, verify tickets and provide floor service. Deliverables include accurate transaction records and unresolved discrepancies referred to a supervisor.

    CE · 39-3012.00

  • Correspondence clerks

    Correspondence clerks correspond in the United States to O*NET-SOC 43-4021.00 (Correspondence Clerks); the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook groups this type of position into Information Clerks (information clerks, 43-4000 combined basis) and explicitly lists it. The core is reading incoming letters and customer requests, checking order, billing, arrears and claim records, drafting and proofreading standard replies and issuing confirmation and payment letters, routing letters to the appropriate department and explaining rules and processes to customers when needed; the output is verifiable, traceable correspondence and records. On the China side, similar clerical positions are scattered across different units and outsourcing settings and are not a one-to-one correspondence with this U.S. detailed occupation, so appointment conditions and pay bases cannot be interchanged.

    CE · 43-4021.00

  • Gambling Cage Workers

    At licensed U.S. venues, cage workers maintain counter transaction records, count funds and reconcile daily totals against individual records. They retain original entries for review when totals differ.

    CE · 43-3041.00

  • Cashiers

    Cashiers verify items, prices and payment status, issue receipts and balance the till. They keep a record and escalate duplicate payments, refunds outside their authority and cash discrepancies.

    CE · 41-2011.00

  • Compliance Managers

    Compliance managers plan, direct or coordinate organizational activities so that they comply with ethical or regulatory standards; the work includes policy training, risk monitoring, internal review and investigation, documentation and reporting, coordination with attorneys and auditors, and specialized compliance carried out according to the position. Investigations and external reporting are carried out by actually authorized positions under the applicable rules.

    CE · 11-9199.02

  • Title examiners, abstractors and searchers

    Title examiners, abstractors and searchers review deeds, mortgages, restrictions and property descriptions. They summarize the document chain and open questions for authorized review.

    CE · 23-2093.00

  • Cost estimators

    Turn drawings or specifications into quantity, labor and material estimates. Record rates, assumptions and risks, then hand off a reviewed bid or budget. Manufacturing and services also use estimators; sign-off depends on the role and jurisdiction.

    CE · 13-1051.00

  • Appraisers and Assessors of Real Estate

    Real estate appraisers and assessors examine property and market records. Individual valuation reports and jurisdiction-wide tax assessments have different purposes and authority.

    CE · 13-2023.00

  • Compliance Officers

    Examine, evaluate and investigate eligibility for or conformity with laws and regulations governing contract compliance of licenses and permits, and carry out other compliance and enforcement inspection and analysis activities not classified elsewhere: evaluate applications and records or documents to gather information about eligibility or liability issues; advise licensees or other individuals or groups on licensing, permit or pass regulations; confer or interview officials or technical or professional experts or applicants to clarify facts related to licensing decisions; visit business premises to verify that valid licenses or permits are displayed and that licensing standards are met; administer oral and written and road or flight tests and score them; in some licensing assignments, issue permits or collect fees only when legally authorized and write notification correspondence about licensing decisions or appeal procedures; prepare reports on activities and evaluations and recommendations or decisions and report violations to committees or agencies and inform violators of infractions or possible penalties; identify compliance issues that require follow-up or investigation and assist internal and external audits; and verify that enterprise and regulatory policies and procedures have been documented and implemented and communicated.

    CE · 13-1041.00

  • Government Property Inspectors and Investigators

    Government property inspectors and investigators examine records, contracts and site conditions for assets such as public housing or construction sites. They document discrepancies and evidence and refer inspection reports to authorized officials.

    CE · 13-1041.04

  • Loss Prevention Managers

    Loss prevention managers coordinate discrepancy reviews, staff training and incident handoffs. They investigate inventory and process exceptions and follow up on corrective work. A discrepancy needs verification before responsibility can be assigned.

    CE · 11-9199.08

Other occupations with shared interests

  • Procurement clerks

    Procurement clerks prepare orders, check quotes and delivery terms, and track delivery or invoice discrepancies. Some help compare bids or buy goods. Approval and payment authority depend on the employer.

    CER · 43-3061.00

  • Credit authorizers, checkers, and clerks

    Check applications, transactions or account information, record evidence and flag exceptions. Act within assigned limits and rules, and escalate cases that exceed them or raise risk concerns.

    CES · 43-4041.00

  • Bill and Account Collectors

    Bill and account collectors review overdue balances, contact history and dispute records, and communicate or hand off within their authority. U.S. statistics use 43-3011. Consumer debt rules have defined coverage. Mainland agency management and asset recovery examples describe related roles and do not establish comparable wages.

    CES · 43-3011.00

  • Human Resources Assistant, Except Payroll and Timekeeping

    HR assistants verify and maintain personnel records and help with recruitment and onboarding. The U.S. classification on this page excludes jobs primarily responsible for payroll or timekeeping; it can still include recording information that supports those teams.

    CES · 43-4161.00

  • Loan Interviewers and Clerks

    Loan interviewers and clerks collect application materials, ask about missing items, check records and route files for review. They hand off a traceable checklist and case status. The institution assigns approval authority separately.

    CES · 43-4131.00

  • New accounts clerks

    New accounts clerks (O*NET-SOC 43-4141.00) handle account-opening stages at banks and other depository financial institutions: interviewing customers, verifying identity documents and materials, explaining account and service terms, entering account information into systems and filing records, handling counter payments, transfers and error correction as needed, and escalating abnormalities in customer identity or transactions under institutional procedures. This page uses only official sources to explain occupational scope, tasks, preparation requirements, Chinese and US statistical definitions, and authorization boundaries.

    CES · 43-4141.00

  • Budget Analysts

    Budget analysts review revenue and cost estimates, compare actual spending with plans, and explain assumptions and constraints for resource decisions.

    CEI · 13-2031.00

  • Secretaries and administrative assistants, except legal, medical and executive

    General administrative support includes scheduling, routine correspondence, file routing, and calls. Specialized legal, medical, or executive workflows have separate requirements.

    CES · 43-6014.00

  • Purchasing Managers

    Purchasing managers set purchasing and contract procedures, lead purchasing staff, and review suppliers, contracts, budgets, and delivery terms. They approve decisions within delegated limits. U.S. 11-3061.00 includes some wholesale or retail merchandising managers.

    EC · 11-3061.00

  • Regulatory affairs specialists

    Coordinates, prepares, and reviews domestic and international regulatory filing materials, maintains regulatory versions and technical archives, and follows up on agency inquiries, inspections, and product changes. The specific product and jurisdiction determine the submission requirements; a specialist title does not automatically confer legal opinion, release, or sign-off authority.

    CEI · 13-1041.07

  • Customer Service Representatives

    Answer questions, document orders or complaints, resolve issues within policy, and route exceptions to a specialist. Phone, chat and email roles differ in the products and decisions they cover.

    CES · 43-4051.00

  • Postmasters and Mail Superintendents

    Postmasters and mail superintendents oversee a post office or mail operation. They schedule staff, coordinate mail processing and handoffs, resolve complaints, train employees, and report issues. Responsibilities and approval authority vary by facility.

    ECS · 11-9131.00

  • Executive Secretaries and Executive Administrative Assistants

    Provide high-level administrative support to executives: manage and maintain schedules, handle travel, write and organize official documents and reports, handle information requests and receive visitors, and possibly train and guide junior clerical staff; the work mainly uses word processing, spreadsheet, and presentation software and scheduling and filing systems as its main tools.

    CES · 43-6011.00

  • Administrative services managers

    Administrative services managers coordinate office support, budgets and records. They handle late deliveries or missing documentation and send decisions to the right approver. Check authority over facilities, payments and personnel separately.

    ECS · 11-3012.00

  • Credit analysts

    Review financial statements, cash flow, debt and credit records. Verify sources and anomalies, document risks and limits, then submit the analysis to the authorized decision-maker.

    CEI · 13-2041.00

  • Receptionists and Information Clerks

    Receptionists and information clerks both answer questions. Compare visitor-facing reception with finding and providing information through directories, calls, or service requests.

    CES · 43-4171.00

  • Real Estate Brokers

    Real estate brokers may handle transactions and run a brokerage, review files, or supervise agents. Check whether the role includes responsibility for office operations and transaction oversight.

    EC · 41-9021.00

  • Financial Examiners

    Inspect and supervise financial and securities institutions and financial and real estate transactions under laws and regulations: obtain balance sheets, operating income and expenditure, and loan materials to check assets and liabilities; examine internal controls involving cash reserves, collateral, and institution-owned securities; review internal and external audit reports and board and shareholder meeting records to confirm authority; recommend action on solvency, compliance, and problem accounts; prepare examination reports, issue lists, and corrective recommendations and track implementation; participate under statutory procedures in reviewing licenses, mergers, and securities registrations and make recommendations; and communicate with institutional management, external accountants, lawyers, and fellow regulators to obtain evidence.

    CEI · 13-2061.00

  • Loan Officers

    Loan officers work with applicants, review materials and evaluate requests. They document their reasoning and recommend an outcome or decide within delegated authority. Decision rights depend on the product and institution.

    CES · 13-2072.00

  • Regulatory affairs managers

    Develops product regulatory strategy and filing plans, coordinates review of materials submitted to regulatory agencies, responds to regulatory questions, and coordinates development, quality, production, and marketing teams. The specific product, market, and applicable rules determine the submission requirements; a manager title does not automatically confer legal opinion, product release, or regulatory sign-off authority.

    EC · 11-9199.01

  • Sales Managers

    Sales managers set territories and goals, coach staff, and adjust assignments using sales and customer information.

    EC · 11-2022.00

  • Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents

    Securities, commodities, and financial services sales roles serve individuals or institutions. Product explanations, transactions, and suitability obligations vary by role and jurisdiction.

    EC · 41-3031.00

  • Financial Managers

    Oversee accounting, investment, banking, insurance, securities, and other financial activities at a branch, office, or department: develop and implement financial plans and budgets; prepare and review financial and regulatory reports; manage cash flows and financial instruments; arrange credit, credit facilities, and investments; establish custody and internal-control procedures for assets, records, collateral, and securities; evaluate financial reporting systems, accounting, and collection processes and recommend improvements; recruit, train, and assess staff; communicate with shareholders and investors and support financing; make approval and authorization decisions within regulatory and internal-control frameworks and take responsibility for the results.

    EC · 11-3031.00

  • Gambling Managers

    In licensed U.S. settings, managers coordinate operations and staffing, supervise services and handle escalations. Approval authority depends on site rules and regulatory requirements.

    EC · 11-9071.00

  • Gambling Dealers

    In licensed U.S. settings, dealers conduct table services, hand off records, and report disputes or irregularities within assigned authority.

    CER · 39-3011.00

  • Insurance Sales Agent

    Insurance sales agents discuss client needs, explain policy options and limitations, and help with applications or renewals within their authorization. Pay arrangements and licensing rules vary by location and employer.

    ECS · 41-3021.00

  • Insurance Underwriter

    Insurance underwriters review applications, assess risk and decide or recommend coverage terms under company guidelines. They may request missing information or refer complex cases. The role differs from selling policies and settling claims.

    CEI · 13-2053.00

  • Telemarketers

    Telemarketers use calls to explain goods, services or fundraising campaigns, answer questions and record responses, orders or follow-up.

    ECS · 41-9041.00

  • Appraisers of Personal and Business Property

    Personal and business property appraisers examine condition and provenance, find comparable transactions and document their valuation assumptions. Evidence differs across jewelry, equipment and collectibles.

    CER · 13-2022.00

  • Logistics Analyst

    Logistics analysts use shipment, inventory and cost records to find where delivery performance is slipping and recommend changes. They may also track shipments or work with carriers. U.S. wage and outlook figures here cover the broader Logisticians occupation.

    CEI · 13-1081.02

  • Compensation and benefits managers

    Compensation and benefits managers plan, direct, or coordinate an organization's compensation and benefits activities, including compensation policy and market benchmarking, benefit policy evaluation, reporting duties, budget, personnel data, and employee communication; negotiation and merger integration and hearings are undertaken depending on the specific position. Plan and signing authority is confirmed against employer policy, and retirement benefit fiduciary responsibility is judged by the applicable jurisdiction and actual management function.

    ECS · 11-3111.00

  • Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks

    Shipping, receiving, and inventory clerks match orders and shipping records to goods on hand, prepare documents and report shortages, damage or lot mismatches. Check who can adjust inventory, release goods after inspection or operate warehouse equipment.

    CRE · 43-5071.00

  • Transportation, storage and distribution managers

    Transportation, storage and distribution managers coordinate receiving, storage, shipping and staff. They also monitor equipment or warehouse conditions that can affect where goods go and when they arrive.

    EC · 11-3071.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Retail Sales Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of retail sales workers in an establishment or department; in addition to supervisory duties, may also take on management functions such as purchasing, budgeting, accounting, and personnel: provide customer service by greeting and assisting customers and responding to customer inquiries and complaints; direct and supervise employees engaged in sales, inventory-taking, reconciling cash receipts, or in performing services for customers; inspect merchandise to ensure that prices and displays are correct and that merchandise functions as advertised; monitor sales activities to ensure that customers receive satisfactory service and quality goods; instruct staff on how to handle difficult and complicated sales; assign employees to specific duties; keep records of purchases, sales, and requisitions; participate in the work of subordinates, such as cleaning and organizing shelves and displays and selling merchandise; formulate and prepare work schedules and keep records of employees' schedules and time cards; review inventory and sales records to prepare reports for management and budget departments; take inventory and reorder when inventory drops to a specified level; formulate and implement policies and goals and objectives and procedures for the department; examine products purchased for resale or received for storage to assess their condition; enforce safety and health and security rules; estimate consumer demand and determine the types and quantities of goods to be sold; confer with company management to develop methods and procedures to improve sales and expand markets and promote business; establish pricing policies for merchandise in accordance with profitability requirements; hire and train and evaluate personnel in sales or marketing establishments and promote or terminate employees as appropriate; plan and coordinate advertising campaigns and sales promotions and prepare merchandise displays and advertising copy; establish credit policies and operating procedures; and plan budgets and authorize payments and merchandise returns.

    ECS · 41-1011.00

  • Supply chain managers

    Supply chain managers coordinate purchasing, inventory, warehousing and transport. They compare lead times, stock risks and costs and coordinate responses to shortages or changed arrival dates.

    EC · 11-3071.04

  • Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing, Except Technical and Scientific Products

    Wholesale and manufacturing sales representatives explain products, quantities, and prices to business customers and coordinate supply, orders, and follow-up.

    EC · 41-4012.00

  • Counter and rental clerks

    Take rental, repair or service orders, explain options and charges, and record handoff and payment. Rental staff may check returns for damage and escalate disputes to someone authorized to decide.

    CES · 41-2021.00

  • Pharmacy aides

    Pharmacy aides support stock, incoming deliveries and counter administration. They keep supplies and records organized and route patients’ medication questions to a pharmacist.

    CER · 31-9095.00

  • Freight Forwarder

    Freight forwarders arrange shipments, coordinate carriers and keep documents and status updates moving between parties. Some specialize in international transport. U.S. pay and outlook on this page cover cargo and freight agents, a broader group.

    CER · 43-5011.01

  • Human Resources Manager

    HR managers plan and coordinate an organization’s people operations. They may lead an HR team, work with department leaders on staffing and decide which policy or employee issues need further review. Approval authority varies by organization.

    ECS · 11-3121.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Office and Administrative Support Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the work activities of clerical and administrative support personnel: supervise the work of office, administrative, or customer service employees to ensure compliance with quality standards, deadlines, and procedures and correct them when errors or problems arise; resolve customer complaints or answer customers' questions about policies and procedures; provide guidance to employees on handling difficult or complex problems or on defusing escalated complaints and disputes; review records or reports concerning production, payroll, shipping, and the like to verify details, monitor work activities, or evaluate performance; discuss performance problems with employees to identify causes and resolve them; prepare and issue work schedules, deadlines, and task assignments for office or administrative staff; recruit, interview, and select employees; explain and communicate work procedures and company policies to staff; evaluate employee performance and compliance and recommend corresponding personnel actions; train or instruct employees in job duties and company policies or arrange training; research, compile, and prepare reports, manuals, correspondence, or other materials as required by management or government agencies; implement company or departmental policies, procedures, and service standards together with management personnel; compute figures such as balances, totals, and commissions; coordinate activities with other supervisors or with other work units or departments; participate in the work of subordinates to improve efficiency or overcome difficult links in the work; advise management on issues such as staffing or procedural changes; develop or update procedures, policies, or standards; maintain records such as inventory, personnel, orders, supplies, and equipment maintenance; consult with managers or other personnel to resolve problems such as equipment performance, output quality, and work scheduling; develop work schedules based on budgets and workloads; analyze the financial activities of the establishment or department and provide input for budget preparation and preparation; design, implement, or evaluate employee training and development programs, customer service initiatives, or performance measurement standards; understand the terms of labor agreements and their impact on departmental operations; coordinate or perform activities related to transportation, receiving, distribution, or shipping; monitor inventory levels and requisition or purchase supplies as needed; plan or coordinate office services such as the procurement or organization of equipment or supplies, asset disposal, relocation, parking, maintenance, or security services; arrange necessary maintenance or repair work; and plan the layout of stockrooms, warehouses, or other storage areas after considering factors such as turnover, size, and weight.

    ECS · 43-1011.00

  • General and Operations Managers

    General and operations managers coordinate day-to-day operations across departments or locations. They review delivery figures with site supervisors, allocate staff and materials, and follow up on problems that cross team boundaries. The U.S. occupation 11-1021 excludes first-line supervisors. Chief executives typically have broader strategy and governance duties, with actual responsibilities set by the organization.

    EC · 11-1021.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Gambling Services Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate workers in designated gambling areas: circulate among tables and machines, observe operations, and ensure all stations and games are staffed each shift; supervise gambling operations under internal rules and jurisdictional regulations and ensure prompt, courteous service; observe gamblers for signs of cheating such as marked cards, card switching, or card counting and notify security; process and verify financial transaction paperwork; respond to and resolve complaints; verify and pay jackpots, reset slot machines after payouts, make minor repairs or adjustments, or recommend servicing; maintain knowledge of games and cheating methods; explain game rules, betting limits, and other internal rules; set and maintain game bankrolls and table limits; record machine fault details and follow up repairs; attend to patrons showing possible compulsive gambling and assist when necessary; oversee complimentary vouchers, rooms, discounts, and other benefits; enforce safety rules and report or remove hazards and underage, intoxicated, disruptive, or cheating patrons; assess employees and write performance evaluations; monitor stations and games and reassign dealers to ensure staffing; determine daily table openings and schedule accordingly; review operating expenses, budget estimates, betting accounts, and collection reports; set policies on gambling types, odds, and credit; interview and hire employees; and train, supervise, schedule, and evaluate staff.

    ECR · 39-1013.00

  • Retail Salespersons

    Retail salespersons work directly with customers to compare products, check stock and prices, and follow up within store policy.

    EC · 41-2031.00

  • Compensation, Benefits, and Job Analysis Specialists

    Conduct compensation, benefits and job analysis programs for employers, and may specialize in areas such as job classification and pension plans: manage employee insurance and pension and savings plans and collaborate with insurance brokers and plan carriers; ensure the company complies with federal and state laws and complete reporting obligations; study employee benefits and health and safety practices and recommend changes to current policies; evaluate jobs, document the basis for classification, exemption and pay recommendations, and refer final decisions to the authorized role; prepare occupational classifications and job descriptions and pay grade tables; develop and manage compensation programs such as pay-for-performance or incentive pay; conduct multi-factor data and cost analysis; collect job information through observation and interviews and questionnaires and focus groups and develop job analysis tools; advise managers and employees on state and federal employment regulations and collective agreements and benefits and compensation policies and personnel procedures and classification plans; assist in preparing and maintaining personnel records and employee handbooks and deliver training; and, in authorized labor relations assignments, represent the employer or workers in collective bargaining or dispute mediation.

    CES · 13-1141.00

  • Interviewers, Except Eligibility and Loan

    Interviewers in this occupation ask questions from a form or script, verify answers and flag missing information for review. The occupational category excludes loan and eligibility interviews.

    CSE · 43-4111.00

  • Sales Representatives of Services, Except Advertising, Insurance, Financial Services, and Travel

    Service sales representatives learn client needs, explain scope and terms, and coordinate quotes and handoffs. Authority to make commitments depends on the service.

    ECS · 41-3091.00

  • Logistician

    Logisticians coordinate the flow of products across procurement, inventory, transportation and delivery. A typical decision is how to get a delayed shipment back on track while keeping the customer and carrier informed.

    CEI · 13-1081.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Non-Retail Sales Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of sales workers other than retail sales workers; may perform budgeting, accounting and personnel duties in addition to supervision. Tasks include monitoring sales staff performance to ensure goals are met; assisting employees with difficult or complex duties; directing and supervising employees engaged in sales, inventory counts, checking cash receipts or providing specific services; listening to and resolving customer complaints about services, products or personnel; keeping purchasing, sales and requisition records; recruiting, training and evaluating personnel; communicating with company management to develop methods and procedures to increase sales, expand markets and promote business; preparing work schedules and assigning specific duties; attending company meetings to exchange product information and coordinate with other departments; visiting retailers and sales representatives to promote products and gather information; establishing merchandise pricing policies based on profitability requirements; preparing sales and inventory reports for management and budget departments; inspecting products purchased for resale or received for storage to determine condition; inspecting merchandise to ensure correct pricing and display and performance as advertised; analyzing sales territory details to assess growth potential and set quotas; counting inventory and replenishing stock at specified levels; coordinating promotions such as merchandise displays and advertising copy; and preparing leasing or rental agreements specifying charges and payment procedures for machinery, tools or other items.

    ECS · 41-1012.00

  • Real Estate Sales Agents

    Real estate sales agents match client needs to property listings, arrange viewings, and follow up on offers and paperwork. Local rules and employer procedures determine who can confirm terms or make commitments.

    ECS · 41-9022.00

  • Gambling Surveillance Officers and Gambling Investigators

    In licensed U.S. settings, surveillance officers observe irregular activity, document incidents and hand off evidence through authorized channels. Enforcement, external disclosure and disciplinary decisions follow separate authority.

    CER · 33-9031.00

  • Customs and Border Protection Officers

    In the United States, customs and border protection officers correspond to O*NET-SOC 33-3051.04 (Customs and Border Protection Officers), responsible for conducting investigation and inspection as people, conveyances, goods and merchandise enter the country or move between U.S. states, in order to detect violations of immigration and customs laws and regulations: examining immigration applications, visas and passports and conducting interviews to determine eligibility for entry, stay and travel; inspecting inbound or outbound goods, baggage and personal effects for compliance with tax law and customs rules; locating and seizing contraband, undeclared merchandise and the vehicles, aircraft or vessels concealing them; detaining people who violate customs or immigration law and arranging legal actions such as deportation; explaining laws and regulations to travelers, prospective immigrants, shippers and manufacturers; determining the duties and taxes owed and drawing product samples for testing; recording and reporting duty activities, findings, transactions, violations, discrepancies and decisions; and testifying at immigration appeals or in federal court about the relevant decisions. The preparation level for this occupation is Job Zone Three (SVP 6.0 to below 7.0); on O*NET its wage, employment and industry data are published under the parent occupation "Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers" (33-3051.00), not values collected separately for this subcategory. Comparable positions in China are customs, exit and entry border inspection and port enforcement positions; their duties and authorization basis do not correspond one-to-one with this U.S. occupational subcategory and cannot be interchanged.

    CER · 33-3051.04

  • Investment Fund Managers

    This page covers O*NET 11-3031.03. Investment fund managers organize research, portfolio decisions, risk monitoring and record handoffs within a fund’s objectives and mandate. U.S. wage and employment figures refer to the broader Financial Managers occupation 11-3031.

    ECI · 11-3031.03

  • Eligibility Interviewers, Government Programs

    Under U.S. O*NET-SOC 43-4061.00, determines whether applicants qualify for government assistance under applicable regulations and program rules: accepts applications, interviews and checks materials, verifies income and household situations, calculates benefits, explains the decision basis, and records the handling process.

    CSE · 43-4061.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Passenger Attendants

    Supervise and coordinate the activities of passenger attendants: enforce safety rules and regulations; resolve customer complaints about employee performance or the services provided; inspect materials and inventory and vehicles and equipment and facilities to ensure they are safe, defect-free, and meet specifications; train employees in operating procedures and functions and explain company policies; compute or estimate cash and compensation and transportation or staffing needs; inspect work areas or operating equipment to ensure they meet established standards for cleanliness or maintenance; recommend and implement measures to improve employee motivation and work methods or customer service; meet with managers or other supervisors to learn about changes affecting operations; explain the interests or special needs of specific groups to employees; observe and evaluate employee appearance and performance to ensure service quality and compliance with specifications; explain and demonstrate work tasks to new employees or assign training tasks to experienced employees; take disciplinary measures to address performance problems; analyze and record personnel or operations data and write reports on activities; confer with customers and supervisors and contractors or other personnel to exchange information or resolve problems; apply customer feedback to service improvement; participate in continuing education to keep up with industry trends and developments; request necessary supplies and equipment or services; direct or coordinate the activities of employees, such as flight or train crew members; and recruit and hire employees.

    ECS · 53-1044.00

  • Personal Financial Advisors

    Personal financial advisors review clients’ goals, cash flow and tolerance for risk before discussing options and follow-up. In a review, they separate changes in the client’s circumstances from assumptions in the original plan.

    ECS · 13-2052.00

  • Sales representatives, wholesale and manufacturing, technical and scientific products

    This occupation represents wholesalers or manufacturers selling goods that require technical or scientific knowledge, explains product specifications and uses, demonstrates products, provides ongoing technical support, prepares quotes, orders and sales contracts, works with engineers and arranges installation and testing; sales representatives are not automatically regarded as sales engineers or product design owners.

    EC · 41-4011.00

  • Property, real estate, and community association managers

    Property and community association managers coordinate ongoing operations, which may include resident requests, repairs, budgets, and service providers. Asset type and approval authority vary by role.

    EC · 11-9141.00

  • Industrial Production Manager

    Industrial production managers coordinate manufacturing schedules, staffing and resources. They track quality, output, cost and safety and resolve issues that affect delivery. Authority varies by plant.

    ECR · 11-3051.00

  • Computer and Information Systems Managers

    Plan, direct or coordinate activities such as electronic data processing, information systems, systems analysis and computer programming: manage the department's daily operations and analyze workflow and establish priorities and develop standards and set deadlines; manage backup and security and user help systems; provide technical support to users for computer problems; review project plans to plan and coordinate project activity; assign and review the output of systems analysts and programmers and other computer-related workers; review and approve system charts and programs before implementation; evaluate data processing proposals to assess project feasibility and requirements; develop computer information resources and assess the organization's technology use and needs; consult with users and management and vendors to assess computing and system needs; develop and interpret organizational goals and policies and procedures; control operating budgets and expenditures and purchase necessary equipment; and recruit and train and supervise staff.

    CEI · 11-3021.00

  • Advertising, promotions, and marketing managers

    Advertising, promotions and marketing managers may own positioning and pricing or focus on creative work, channels and placements. Ask who chooses the audience, sets the budget and owns the results.

    EC · 11-2021.00

  • Lodging Manager

    Lodging managers coordinate people and resources across a hotel or other accommodation. They monitor service and business performance, set priorities and handle issues that span departments. Scope varies by property.

    ECS · 11-9081.00

  • Door-to-door sales workers, news and street vendors, and related workers

    Door-to-Door Sales Workers, News and Street Vendors, and Related Workers (United States side, O*NET-SOC 41-9091.00) is a non-store face-to-face direct selling position: selling goods or services door to door or along the street; determining potential customers or a vending location and preparing samples and explanatory materials and payment money, explaining the goods or services and price to potential customers and demonstrating, checking customer needs and answering questions about product functions and benefits, persuading customers to buy and recording or entering orders, and organizing purchasing meetings and seeking sponsorship when necessary; arranging delivery or same-spot delivery and payment with change and vouchers and invoices, distributing samples or materials, restocking and tidying the display, keeping service records and contacting customers to confirm satisfaction, and training newly recruited staff or other employees when necessary; the employment form may be employed, commission-based or self-employed (individual business operator). United States scope: the BLS 2025 wage data median is 41,380 US dollars per year (19.89 US dollars per hour), with annual percentiles of 32,010／36,470／41,380／47,390／51,470 US dollars (hourly percentiles 15.39／17.54／19.89／22.78／24.74); this scope is employed wage statistics, OEWS does not cover the self-employed, and commissions and expense reimbursement and irregular business income do not necessarily enter the same scope; the O*NET summary page gives employment of about 25,300 in 2024, a 2024—2034 projection of decline (-1% or lower) and about 2,700 projected job openings (the source gives only the category and not a specific percentage, and this page states it in the original wording); the preparation level is Job Zone 1-2 (SVP below 6.0), the interest code is ECR, the education feedback is 57% less than high school and 43% high school or equivalent, and there are 14 tasks; the work context includes continuous contact with others 52% (another 43% in contact most of the time), face-to-face discussions every day 36% (another 50% weekly or more), telephone conversations every day 55%, dealing with external customers or the public extremely important 70%, decision freedom very much 88%, precision or accuracy extremely important 17%, facing time pressure every day 17%, working hours irregular 67%, standing about half the time 46%, dealing with unpleasant or angry or rude people monthly or more 38%, conflict situations yearly or more 50%, level of competition extremely competitive 13%, and use email every day 70%. Chinese mainland scope: business activity should involve truthful and comprehensive explanation, clearly marked prices, provision of vouchers, protection of personal information and handling of complaints (under the Consumer Rights and Interests Protection Law of the People's Republic of China); engaging in individual business and vending and mobile business should meet local market supervision and urban management requirements, and where food is involved should also meet food safety requirements (cited by regulation and rule name and general requirements, without checking article numbers item by item); on the United States side, in door-to-door or other off-premises transactions covered by the federal rule, the seller must disclose the three-business-day cancellation right to the consumer under 16 CFR Part 429 (the FTC cooling-off rule), and whether it applies depends on amount, location, goods or services and exceptions. This occupation has no uniform access-type professional qualification in the Chinese mainland. Public statistics have not established an occupation-level wage scope corresponding to this occupation, and this page truthfully retains the gap.

    ECR · 41-9091.00

  • Fraud Examiners, Investigators and Analysts

    Fraud examiners, investigators and analysts review unusual transactions, claims or other business records within their authority. They reconstruct timelines, preserve evidence that supports or weakens hypotheses, and refer unresolved issues to authorized decision-makers.

    CIE · 13-2099.04

  • Security Managers

    Security managers oversee an organization’s security work, personnel, and resources. They review control implementation and escalate decisions through the organization’s procedures.

    EC · 11-3013.01

  • First-Line Supervisors of Personal Service Workers

    Supervise and coordinate the activities of personal service workers: train employees in operating procedures and functions and explain company policies; meet with managers or other supervisors to learn about changes affecting operations; assign work schedules according to work needs to ensure the quality and timely delivery of services; recruit and hire employees; resolve customer complaints about employee performance or the services provided; take disciplinary measures to address performance problems; inspect work areas or operating equipment to ensure they meet established standards for cleanliness or maintenance; investigate employee complaints and resolve problems according to management rules and regulations; observe and evaluate employee appearance and performance to ensure service quality and compliance with specifications; direct or coordinate the activities of employees, such as hotel staff or hairstylists; participate in continuing education to keep up with industry trends and developments; inform management about issues such as employee disputes; schedule employee breaks to ensure adequate staffing of service personnel for each shift; apply customer feedback to service improvement; explain the interests or special needs of specific groups to employees; request necessary supplies and equipment or services; and direct marketing and advertising or other customer recruitment efforts.

    ECS · 39-1022.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Helpers, Laborers, and Material Movers, Hand

    Directly supervise and coordinate helpers, laborers, or hand material movers: monitor safety procedures and equipment to maintain safe working environments; work with employees and managers to resolve operational problems; review work during operations and after completion for compliance with requirements; notify designated employees or departments of loading status and problems; inspect equipment for wear and specification compliance; prepare and maintain records and reports of hours, wages, daily receipts, and inspection results; communicate and explain work orders to laborers; schedule and assign work to maintain staffing amid workload fluctuations; review qualifications, interview applicants, and recommend hires; estimate material, time, and staffing needs from orders, specifications, and experience; coach employees on work and personal development; assess training needs and arrange or provide training; hold pre-shift and safety meetings; check loaded or unloaded materials against work order specifications; perform or assist with the same work as subordinates or more skilled and difficult tasks; address personnel issues, complaints, and grievances where possible and refer them upward when necessary; recommend or initiate promotions, transfers, and discipline; assess employees and write performance evaluations; inspect freight to determine loading sequences; schedule shipments and transport methods; inventory supplies and requisition or purchase replacements; quote prices to customers; assist account checks, track, monitor or forecast departmental budgets, and help develop policies and procedures; and inspect work sites to determine maintenance or repair needs.

    ECS · 53-1042.00

  • Equal Opportunity Representatives and Officers

    Monitor and evaluate compliance with equal opportunity laws, guidelines, and policies to ensure that employment practices and contracting arrangements do not discriminate on the basis of race, religion, color, national origin, sex, age, or disability: receive and investigate complaints, interview relevant parties, mediate disputes, develop and monitor anti-discrimination guidelines, and provide training and consultation to managers and employees.

    ECS · 13-1041.03

  • Private detectives and investigators

    Private investigators gather, verify, and report information within the assignment and local authority. Much of the work is tracing sources and timelines.

    CEI · 33-9021.00

  • Telephone Operators

    Telephone operators look up directory information, clarify who the caller needs, and record whether a transfer was attempted or completed. They check conflicting listings before routing a call.

    CSE · 43-2021.00

  • Wind Energy Operations Managers

    Wind operations managers coordinate staff and contractors, track downtime, work orders and parts, and schedule reviews and maintenance.

    ECR · 11-9199.09

  • Fundraising Manager

    Fundraising managers set campaign goals, plan staff and budgets, and coordinate donor communication with program and finance teams. Their work includes deciding what to pursue and how to report outcomes. Authorization to accept or commit funds depends on the organization.

    ECS · 11-2033.00

  • Actuaries

    Actuaries use data and models to estimate uncertain costs in insurance and other settings. Pricing compares claim frequency, severity and rating assumptions; reserving estimates unpaid claims and explains changes. Start by trying a reviewable calculation, then verify exams, responsibilities and signing authority separately.

    CIE · 15-2011.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Production and Operating Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the work of production and operating personnel, such as inspectors, precision workers, machine setters and operators, assemblers, fabricators, and plant and system operators (excluding team or work leaders): enforce safety and sanitation regulations; keep records of employee attendance and hours worked; inspect materials and products or equipment to detect defects or malfunctions; read and analyze charts and work orders and production schedules and other records and reports to determine production requirements and to evaluate current production estimates and outputs; develop and establish work schedules and task assignments and production sequences to meet production goals; confer with other supervisors to coordinate operations and activities within or between departments; explain specifications and drawings and work orders and company policies and procedures to workers; observe work and monitor indicators such as gauges and dials to ensure that operators conform to production or processing standards; direct and coordinate the activities of employees engaged in the production or processing of goods, such as inspectors and machine setters and fabricators; conduct employee training in equipment operations or work and safety procedures or assign training to experienced employees; evaluate employee performance; confer with management or subordinates to resolve worker problems and complaints and grievances; determine standards and budgets and production goals and quotas according to company policies and equipment and staffing availability and workload; compute labor and equipment requirements and production specifications using standard formulas; recommend or implement measures to motivate employees and to improve production methods or equipment performance or product quality or efficiency; maintain operations data such as hours worked and production and cost and prepare management reports of production results; requisition materials and supplies and equipment parts or repair services; set up and adjust machines and equipment; recommend or execute personnel actions such as hiring and evaluation and promotion; and plan and develop new products and production processes.

    ECR · 51-1011.00

  • Spa managers

    Spa managers run the booking schedule, staffing, facilities and daily close. When a room is unavailable, they check staff scope, turnaround time and the handoff before promising a booking. They can oversee quality and budgets; the title itself does not authorize hands-on or medical services.

    ECS · 11-9179.02

  • Retail Loss Prevention Specialists

    Retail loss prevention specialists check inventory discrepancies in stores or distribution, patrol for merchandise and entrance and exit risks, inspect loss prevention processes and monitoring equipment, and record, investigate, and escalate anomalies as authorized. Incident handling must balance customer and employee safety with the integrity of evidence; on-site detention authority must be verified against local law and employer policy.

    CER · 33-9099.02

  • First-Line Supervisors of Housekeeping and Janitorial Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate cleaners in hotels, hospitals, offices, and other premises: inspect completed work against specifications and established standards; personally perform or assist cleaning when needed; prepare staff schedules; establish and implement departmental operating standards and procedures; assess facilities' physical conditions to determine required work; inventory and issue supplies and equipment and forecast staffing and stock needs for scheduling and ordering; inspect and maintain equipment for availability; maintain hours, budget, payroll, and other required records; direct activities to interrupt infection transmission in hospitals and similar settings; recommend or arrange additional services such as painting, repairs, renovation, and furniture and equipment replacement; coordinate departments for efficient, timely service; investigate service and equipment complaints and take corrective action; instruct employees in policies, procedures, and equipment use and maintenance; select and order or purchase equipment, supplies, or furniture; prepare activity, personnel, and information reports covering occupancy, hours, facility use, completed work, and departmental spending; discuss performance, personnel issues, and policies with employees; assess performance and recommend promotions, transfers, and dismissals; recommend service and efficiency improvements; estimate costs and prepare and manage budgets; screen applicants and hire staff; perform grounds maintenance such as snow removal and mowing; select cleaning materials for different linens, furniture, floors, and surfaces; notify management, front desks, or admissions staff of available rooms; and oversee in-house laundry, maintenance and repairs, dry-cleaning, or valet services.

    ECR · 37-1011.00

  • Hotel Front Desk Clerk

    Hotel front desk clerks handle reservations, arrivals, departures and guest requests. They coordinate with other departments and hand unresolved issues to the next shift. Schedules and transaction authority vary by property.

    CSE · 43-4081.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Police and Detectives

    Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of members of a police force: supervise and coordinate the investigation of criminal cases, provide guidance and professional opinions to investigators, and ensure that procedures are conducted in accordance with laws and regulations; prepare work schedules and assign tasks to subordinates; direct the collection, preparation, and handling of evidence and the personal property of persons in custody; investigate and resolve personnel problems within the organization and allegations of misconduct by employees; explain police operations to subordinates to assist them in performing their duties; maintain logs, prepare reports, and direct the preparation, processing, and maintenance of departmental records; inform personnel about changes in regulations and policies, the impact of new or revised laws, and new techniques in police work; train employees in proper police procedures; impose disciplinary action on employees who violate departmental rules; monitor and evaluate the work performance of subordinates and approve promotions and transfers; review the content of written orders to ensure compliance with legal requirements; conduct spot checks and order the detention of witnesses and suspects for questioning; cooperate with court personnel and officials of other law enforcement agencies as necessary and testify in court; meet with citizens and educational and community groups to conduct community programs and activities and discuss law enforcement issues; inspect facilities and supplies and vehicles and equipment to ensure compliance with standards; direct the release or transfer of persons in custody; requisition and issue equipment and supplies; develop, implement, and revise departmental policies and procedures; prepare press releases and reply to police correspondence; prepare budgets and manage departmental expenditures; and read and review subordinates' reports to ensure they meet legal standards and contain no errors.

    EC · 33-1012.00

  • Stockers and order fillers

    Stockers and order fillers put away, pick, and verify goods against locations or orders. Equipment and handoff duties depend on the employer.

    CRE · 53-7065.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Landscaping, Lawn Service, and Groundskeeping Workers

    Schedule grounds maintenance crews, check site quality and safety, and coordinate quotes, tools and supplies. Common settings include parks, properties and sports grounds.

    ECR · 37-1012.00

  • Entertainment and Recreation Managers, Except Gambling

    Under U.S. O*NET-SOC 11-9072.00, plan, direct, and coordinate non-gambling fitness and recreation activities and venue operations, responsible for operating plans and scheduling, event execution, personnel management, safety and licensing compliance, and budgeting and marketing.

    ECS · 11-9072.00

  • Quality control systems manager

    Quality control systems managers plan, direct, or coordinate quality assurance programs: they set quality control policies, control the quality of laboratory and production work, maintain quality system documents, and drive production stops and correction when serious defects appear. This page uses the US O*NET detailed occupation Quality Control Systems Managers (11-3051.01); the US wages and employment use the SOC 11-3051 category (industrial production managers) that contains this occupation, not a narrower single-occupation value. No verifiable wage for the detailed occupation was obtained for China, and an insufficient evidence marker is retained.

    CEI · 11-3051.01

  • Meeting, Convention, and Event Planners

    Event planners turn attendance, venues, vendors, budgets and timelines into a workable plan. When something changes, they explain the impact, record the revision and get approval.

    ECS · 13-1121.00

  • Financial and Investment Analysts

    Use quantitative methods to analyze investment programs or financial and operating data from public and private institutions, including business valuation: collect and check corporate disclosures, accounting data, and market data; build valuation or forecasting models for business questions and record key assumptions; conduct scenario and sensitivity tests and explain how sensitive conclusions are to assumptions; assess industry and market trends, competition, and major risks; write analytical conclusions, valuation reports, or investment recommendations for investment committees and clients; perform independent review under compliance requirements, maintain model versions, and retain supporting evidence; coordinate with investment managers, risk and compliance, accounting, and research staff; and follow local laws and institutional procedures.

    CEI · 13-2051.00

  • Advertising sales agents

    Advertising sales agents find clients, turn goals, audiences and budgets into priced advertising placements, then follow proofs, schedules and payments. Media owners, agencies and platforms differ in sales targets, discount authority and commission terms.

    ECA · 41-3011.00

  • Food service managers

    Manages the daily activities of a food service establishment or department: organising schedules, purchasing and inventory, costs and personnel, service and food hygiene; also takes part in food preparation and service when needed. Actual decisions and licensing authority are verified against local regulations and position authorisation.

    ECR · 11-9051.00

  • Business continuity planners

    Business continuity planners map critical services, dependencies and disruption impacts. They define recovery priorities and test handoffs in exercises.

    ECI · 13-1199.04

  • Facilities Managers

    Facilities managers organize work around facilities, equipment, budgets, contracts, materials, and supplier delivery, and continuously verify safety, compliance, quality, exceptions, and authorization boundaries.

    ECR · 11-3013.00

  • Judicial Law Clerks

    Judicial law clerks support judges or courts through legal research, file review and drafting. They hand off traceable sources and open questions to the decision-maker. The role does not confer judicial authority.

    CEI · 23-1012.00

  • Wind Energy Development Managers

    Wind development managers coordinate project plans, resource assessment, land use, interconnection, budget and schedule. They prepare the dependencies and approvals for project decisions.

    EC · 11-9199.10

  • First-Line Supervisors of Security Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of security workers and security guards: responsible for scheduling and work assignment and pre-shift briefing, access control and visitor and vehicle management, patrol and surveillance and electronic security monitoring, incident investigation and emergency handling and reporting, training and drills and personnel management, and procurement and budget and systems and records. (United States O*NET-SOC 33-1091.00)

    ECR · 33-1091.00

  • Credit counselors

    In the United States, credit counselors correspond to O*NET-SOC 13-2071.00 (Credit Counselors). The core is providing advice and education to individuals or organizations on obtaining and managing debt, helping judge the most suitable loan type, explaining loan requirements or limits, and helping prepare debt management plans: assess the client's overall financial condition including income and assets and debt and expenses and credit reports, calculate the monthly income available to repay debt and estimate the repayment timeline from the debt amount and interest rate, prepare a debt management plan or spending plan or budget, interview to collect financial information and explain to clients general financial knowledge such as credit report ratings and bankruptcy law and consumer protection law and wage garnishment and collection, recommend repayment and financial strategies and prioritize the repayment order, explain available loan types and eligibility conditions, prepare written documents and contracts and negotiate repayment adjustments or interest rates and terms with creditors, maintain client account activity and consultation records and pay amounts from client accounts to creditors , and when needed refer clients to social services and community resources beyond credit or debt counseling. The US basis is a single occupation segment, while similar positions on the China side are spread across bank debt negotiation and consumer finance post-loan and consumer credit services, which is not a one-to-one correspondence with that US occupation segment, and the appointment and authorization and pay bases cannot be interchanged.

    CSE · 13-2071.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Entertainment and Recreation Workers, Except Gambling Services

    Directly supervise and coordinate the work of entertainment and recreation service workers: includes arranging shifts and position assignments, training employees and explaining work processes according to company rules, patrolling facilities and equipment to verify cleanliness and maintenance standards, organizing sports, aquatic, game, and performance activities, handling customer complaints and improving service, requisitioning equipment and supplies, evaluating employee performance and taking disciplinary action, and recording personnel and operating data and writing activity reports.

    ECS · 39-1014.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Construction Trades and Extraction Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the work of construction or extraction workers: includes checking construction progress and quality against drawings and specifications, supervising work safety and personal protection, arranging crew assignments and trade sequencing, estimating materials and labor hours and requisitioning materials and equipment, coordinating the work sequence among different trades and subcontractors, organizing training and mentoring, and recording progress and deviations and reporting to superiors.

    ECR · 47-1011.00

  • Advertising and promotions managers

    Advertising and promotions managers bring audience research, messaging, creative work, budgets and placements into a campaign. They define who reviews the material, who approves it and what success looks like.

    ECA · 11-2011.00

  • Search marketing strategists

    Search marketing strategists analyze query intent, landing pages, and outcome measures, then propose changes they can test.

    ECI · 13-1161.01

  • Aircraft Cargo Handling Supervisors

    Aircraft cargo handling supervisors coordinate crews, check the loading plan against handling records and escalate discrepancies to the appropriate load-control or review staff. Ramp supervision, cargo station management and onboard load duties have different responsibilities and authority.

    ECR · 53-1041.00

  • Business intelligence analysts

    Business intelligence analysts query data, define metrics and build reports. They explain changes and how metric definitions affect them.

    CIE · 15-2051.01

  • First-Line Supervisors of Mechanics, Installers, and Repairers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of mechanics, installers and repairers; may also advise customers on recommended services (excluding team or work leaders). Tasks include inspecting, testing and measuring completed work using hand tools, measuring instruments or similar devices to verify compliance with standards or repair requirements; inspecting and supervising work areas, inspecting tools and equipment, and providing employee safety training to prevent, detect and correct unsafe conditions or violations of procedures and safety rules; interpreting specifications, drawings or work orders, making templates and marking reference points for employees; monitoring employee workloads and reviewing performance; performing skilled repair or maintenance using hand or power tools, hydraulic presses, shears or welding equipment; calculating estimated and actual costs for materials, labor, outside contractors and other factors; monitoring tool and spare-parts inventories and workshop conditions and maintenance to ensure suitable working conditions; requisitioning materials and supplies such as tools, equipment and replacement parts; communicating with management, engineering, quality control, customers, union representatives or others to coordinate work, resolve employee grievances or identify and review resource needs; determining schedules, sequences and assignments by work priorities, equipment quantities and employee skills; inspecting objects, systems or facilities and analyzing information to determine installation, servicing or repair needs; advising employees on work-related problems and helping correct skill deficiencies; recommending or initiating personnel actions such as hiring, promotion, transfer, dismissal or discipline; investigating accidents or injuries and preparing findings reports; conducting or arranging employee training in safety, repair or maintenance techniques, operating procedures or equipment use; developing, implementing or evaluating maintenance policies and procedures; meeting vendors or suppliers to discuss products used in repairs; participating in budget preparation and administration, coordinating purchasing and documentation, and monitoring departmental expenditures; reviewing, evaluating and accepting contractor bids and coordinating completion of the work; compiling operations and personnel records such as work-hour and production records, inventory data, repair or maintenance statistics and test results; developing or implementing electronic maintenance programs or computerized information management systems; and designing equipment configurations to meet personnel needs.

    ECR · 49-1011.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Correctional Officers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the work of correctional officers and jailers: includes organizing roll calls and counts as required, maintaining order and discipline in housing units, arranging shifts and post assignments, supervising and taking part in searches and contraband seizures, organizing response and handling in emergencies such as escapes and violence, reviewing inmate information and identifying those requiring focused attention, supervising the completion and retention of records and reports, and training and mentoring subordinates and evaluating their performance.

    ECS · 33-1011.00

  • Web administrators

    Web administrators monitor availability, access and backups, respond to or escalate issues, and maintain configurations and recovery plans within their permissions.

    CIE · 15-1299.01

  • First-Line Supervisors of Material-Moving Machine and Vehicle Operators

    Directly supervise and coordinate the activities of material-moving machine and vehicle operators and helpers. Tasks include enforcing safety rules and procedures; explaining transportation or tariff regulations, waybills, safety rules, or organizational policies and procedures to employees; resolving employee problems or working with employees to help resolve them; communicating with customers, supervisors, contractors or others to exchange information or resolve problems; planning work assignments and equipment allocations to meet transportation, operations or production goals; inspecting, measuring or weighing goods or materials to determine specific handling requirements; explaining and demonstrating tasks to new employees or assigning training tasks to experienced employees; reviewing orders, production schedules, drawings or shipping and receiving notices to determine work sequences and the dates, types, quantities and destinations of material shipments; driving vehicles or operating machinery and equipment to complete tasks or assist employees; inspecting or testing materials, inventory, vehicles, equipment or facilities to ensure safety, freedom from defects and conformity to specifications; maintaining or checking records of work hours, materials, expenses or crew activities; requisitioning personnel, supplies, equipment, spare parts or repair services; recommending and implementing measures to improve employee motivation, equipment performance, work methods or customer service; preparing, compiling and submitting reports on work activities, operations, production or occupational injuries; dispatching personnel and vehicles in response to emergency reports received by telephone or radio; supervising on-site operations to ensure proper work practices and material use; recommending or implementing personnel actions such as selection, evaluation, rewards or discipline; performing or arranging repairs or preventive maintenance for vehicles and other equipment; calculating or estimating cash, payroll, transportation, personnel or storage requirements; assisting employees with tasks such as loading vehicles; directing personnel engaged in transportation or related services, such as pumping, moving, storing or handling materials; and developing and establishing work schedules.

    ECR · 53-1043.00

  • Sales Engineers

    Sales engineers sell commercial products or services that require an engineering-degree level of technical background, clarify customer technical requirements, prepare proposals, organize demonstrations or trials, explain technical and commercial terms, and hand over verified capabilities and unresolved risks to the sales and delivery teams.

    EC · 41-9031.00

  • Funeral Home Manager

    Funeral home managers coordinate staff, facilities, budgets and service procedures. They make sure individual services have the people and resources they need. Whether they can personally perform a regulated service depends on their role and jurisdiction.

    ECS · 11-9171.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Food Preparation and Serving Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate workers engaged in food preparation and service: assign tasks, responsibilities, and workstations according to operational needs; specify food portions, serving sequences, and workstation and equipment layouts; train employees in food preparation, sanitation, and safety procedures; inspect supplies, equipment, and work areas for efficient service and compliance with standards; observe and assess employees and workflows to ensure quality and issue disciplinary records to employees; analyze operational problems such as theft and waste and establish improvement procedures; control inventories of food, equipment, tableware, and beverages and report shortages to designated personnel; forecast personnel, equipment, and supply needs from master menus; total and verify cash receipts at shift end; record production, operational, and personnel data; handle hiring, scheduling, and working-hours matters; establish departmental goals, budgets, and policies; and participate in food preparation and service as needed.

    ECR · 35-1012.00

  • Air traffic controllers

    Air traffic controllers monitor and coordinate aircraft at towers, approach facilities and en route centres. They issue clearances and hand off responsibility within their assigned authority. Entry depends on the jurisdiction, facility and training route.

    CRE · 53-2021.00

  • Market Research Analyst

    Market research analysts frame research questions, collect customer or competitor evidence, and explain what the data supports. The U.S. figures use occupation 13-1161, which also covers marketing specialists.

    ECI · 13-1161.00

  • Media Programming Directors

    Media programming directors coordinate program schedules and production staff. They check airtimes, versions and content awaiting review. U.S. wage and employment figures cover the broader producers and directors group.

    ECA · 27-2012.03

  • Biofuels Production Managers

    Biofuels production managers coordinate staffing, output, safety and plant operations. They investigate deviations and track corrective work.

    ECR · 11-3051.03

  • Recycling coordinators

    Recycling coordinators supervise municipal or corporate curbside collection and drop-off recycling programs: they arrange routes and staffing, verify collection and delivery records, handle service requests, train workers, and coordinate safety and compliance. Specific budget, contract, equipment, and on-site disposal authority depends on the employer and location.

    ECR · 53-1042.01

  • Biomass power plant managers

    Biomass power plant managers coordinate operations, maintenance and safety. They review operating records, staffing, fuel supply and budgets and track who owns unresolved problems. A position may cover one specialty or an entire plant. Operating and approval authority depends on the role, equipment and plant procedures. BLS projects the U.S. Industrial Production Managers parent group (11-3051) from about 252,100 jobs in 2025 to 258,600 in 2035, up 2.6%, a net gain of about 6,500, with about 17,000 annual openings from growth and replacement. The baseline includes 2.4% self-employment. It does not isolate biomass power plant managers.

    CRE · 11-3051.04

  • Construction Managers

    Construction managers plan, organize, budget and supervise the construction and maintenance of building works: taking part in early-stage scheme and feasibility judgments, preparing schedule and cost plans, organizing site work and subcontractor coordination, and checking that the works comply with building and safety regulations.

    ECR · 11-9021.00

  • Curators

    In the United States curators correspond to O*NET-SOC 25-4012.00 (Curators) and manage collections and research material in institutions such as museums: planning and organizing collection acquisition, custody, and exhibitions, setting exhibition themes and design and producing or installing display material, establishing and maintaining the registration, cataloging, and basic record system with databases, carrying out research projects in the professional field, providing collection information to other curators and the public, negotiating the purchase, sale, exchange, or loan of collections and approving per authorization, authenticating and assessing the provenance, composition, history, and current value of objects proposed for accession, inspecting the venue to judge repair needs and deal with temperature, humidity, and pest control problems, writing and reviewing funding applications, journal articles, institutional reports, and publicity material, designing and organizing guided tours, workshops, and teaching activities, training and supervising curatorial, finance, technical, and research staff as well as volunteers and interns, and agreeing policies and budgets with the board and planning overall operations. The preparation level for this occupation is Job Zone Five (usually requiring a graduate degree, SVP 8.0 and above); the comparable positions on the Chinese side are collection acquisition, custody, research, exhibition planning, and public education positions in museums, art galleries, and cultural institutions, mostly reviewed and appointed under professional title categories such as cultural relic and museum research, cultural relic conservation, cultural relic archaeology, and cultural relic utilization, whose duty and authorization bases do not correspond one-to-one with this US occupation segment and cannot be interchanged.

    CES · 25-4012.00

  • Lawyers

    Lawyers organize facts, check evidence and legal sources, advise clients, draft documents, and represent clients within the scope of their authority.

    ECI · 23-1011.00

  • Public Relations Managers

    Public relations managers develop and manage an organization's external communication strategy, determining target audiences, core messages, media relations, and crisis response procedures; they direct teams in producing press materials, responding to public concerns, and obtaining leadership approval for sensitive releases. The role centers on strategy, resources, and reputation risk decisions and is not equivalent to writing a single article.

    ECS · 11-2032.00

  • Funeral Arranger

    Funeral arrangers work with families to plan individual services and coordinate the people, records and facilities involved. U.S. pay and outlook on this page use 39-4031, which also includes morticians and undertakers.

    CES · 39-4031.00

  • Morticians, Undertakers, and Funeral Arrangers

    Morticians, undertakers, and funeral arrangers (O*NET-SOC 39-4031.00) arrange and direct individual funeral services: interview families or other authorized people to confirm details; obtain information for legal documents such as death certificates and burial permits; coordinate transportation, embalming, and care of remains; contact cemeteries and clergy officiating ceremonies; arrange pallbearers and transportation for mourners; and maintain financial records and daily funeral home operations.

    CES · 39-4031.00

  • Fundraiser

    Fundraisers help nonprofits or institutions secure support. They explain programs, contact donors or partners, organize campaign activities and track follow-up. A fundraising manager typically has responsibility for the overall program, budget or team.

    ESC · 13-1131.00

  • Airfield Operations Specialists

    Airfield operations specialists inspect airfield areas, record problems with pavement or markings, and hand findings to the people responsible for correction and reporting. Inspection, coordination and safety management have different outputs. Check the job’s access, reporting and decision authority.

    CRE · 53-2022.00

  • Commercial Pilot

    Pilots and navigates fixed-wing aircraft or helicopters on nonscheduled flights; a commercial pilot's license is required; includes charter pilots with similar licenses and air ambulance and aerial tour pilots; excludes airline pilots of regional, domestic, and international airlines: verify per checklist whether the aircraft's engines and controls and instruments and other systems are normal; obtain and review payload weight and fuel supply and weather conditions and flight schedules and plan the flight; calculate the speed required for lift-off considering airport elevation and outside temperature and aircraft weight and wind direction and speed; verify baggage or cargo loading and submit an instrument flight plan to air traffic control; start engines and pilot and monitor engines and fuel and aircraft systems per procedure; use radio to contact control towers for takeoff clearance and arrival instructions and request altitude or route changes as circumstances require; select route and altitude and speed and fill in flight records; supervise the crew and instruct other pilots and students, and conduct rescue and evacuation when needed; and operate large drones or unmanned aircraft for commercial purposes.

    CRE · 53-2012.00

  • Auto Damage Insurance Appraiser

    Auto damage appraisers document vehicle damage and estimate repair costs for the claims process. They may compare repair plans, photos and parts or labor information. A repair estimate does not by itself settle coverage or payment.

    CRE · 13-1032.00

  • Paralegals and legal assistants

    Paralegals check facts, research legal sources, organize case files and prepare drafts for a lawyer to review. The assignments and authority depend on the employer and jurisdiction.

    CIE · 23-2011.00

  • Chief sustainability officers

    Chief sustainability officers coordinate targets, metrics, projects and reporting evidence across leadership and operating teams.

    EIC · 11-1011.03

  • Architectural and Engineering Managers

    Architectural and engineering managers translate technical goals into budgets, schedules, staffing and reviews. They coordinate changes across disciplines and track who can approve them.

    EIC · 11-9041.00

  • Farm Labor Contractors

    Recruit and hire seasonal or temporary agricultural workers for farm owners: confirm staffing needs and seasons, recruit and hire workers and verify identity and work eligibility materials; arrange and direct workers to the appropriate worksites and provide tools; pay wages and retain working time and wage records; provide workers with food, drinking water, and field sanitation facilities, and ensure safe and compliant accommodation and transportation when responsible for them; hire crew leaders to manage workers directly on site, and fulfill registration, documentation, and reporting duties under local regulations and contracts.

    ERC · 13-1074.00

  • Arbitrators, Mediators, and Conciliators

    Arbitrators hear evidence and issue decisions under the applicable procedure. Mediators help parties negotiate, and conciliators’ authority depends on the process and agreement.

    ECS · 23-1022.00

  • Farmers, Ranchers, and Other Agricultural Managers

    Plan, direct, or coordinate management and operations of farms, ranches, greenhouses, aquaculture operations, nurseries, timber tracts, or other agricultural establishments: decide crop or livestock varieties and scale, arrange land preparation, sowing, fertilization, irrigation, crop protection, and harvesting; hire, train, and supervise agricultural workers or purchase services under contracts; maintain financial, production, and employment records and file statutory reports; negotiate sales, storage, and transportation with buyers, analyze markets and inputs, and manage business risks from weather, pests and diseases, and price fluctuations.

    ERC · 11-9013.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Farming, Fishing, and Forestry Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate the work of agricultural, forestry, aquaculture, and related workers: includes assigning work and scheduling shifts, arranging planting and harvesting or breeding and harvesting according to work plans, teaching operating methods and safety procedures to workers, patrolling fields, forest land, and aquaculture facilities to judge working conditions and progress, supervising compliance with safety procedures and correcting violations, requisitioning feed, chemicals, and equipment and supplies, recording output and personnel and equipment conditions, and assisting with equipment adjustment and repair.

    ERC · 45-1011.00

  • First-Line Supervisors of Firefighting and Prevention Workers

    Directly supervise and coordinate personnel engaged in firefighting, fire prevention, and fire control: assign firefighters to critical positions and clarify responsibilities; direct firefighting and rescue operations and communicate fire conditions to superiors, subordinates, and dispatch; assess fire size, building conditions, and water supplies to determine the resources to deploy; conduct training in firefighting, rescue, fire prevention, hazardous materials response, and emergency medical care; inspect and maintain firefighting equipment and protective gear; inspect stations and equipment for compliance with safety standards; inspect and test fire protection systems and detection equipment; direct investigations into arson and false alarms and submit reports; prepare and review budgets and monitor firefighting expenditures; arrange duty schedules and work priorities; and help develop fire safety guidelines and evacuation plans for nonresidential buildings.

    ERC · 33-1021.00

  • Parts salesperson.

    At a repair shop or parts store, verifies replacement parts against the customer's equipment, vehicle, old part number, and fault description and confirms compatibility, stock, price, payment, shipping, and returns; difficult fitment must be verified with technicians or suppliers.

    RCE · 41-2022.00

  • Social and Community Service Managers

    Social and community service managers coordinate programs, staff, budgets, and participation requirements and review service delivery.

    ESC · 11-9151.00

  • Agents and business managers of artists, performers and athletes

    Agents and business managers find opportunities, negotiate terms and coordinate agreements for clients. Authority to promise dates, fees or sign depends on the client’s instructions and applicable rules.

    ESC · 13-1011.00

  • Judges, Magistrate Judges and Magistrates

    This U.S. category covers judges and magistrates who preside over proceedings, manage procedural matters and make decisions within their authority. Jurisdiction and appointment vary by court.

    ECS · 23-1023.00

  • Chefs and Head Cooks

    Chefs and head cooks plan menus and prep, coordinate stations and supervise food quality and safety.

    ERC · 35-1011.00

  • Hydroelectric Production Manager

    Hydroelectric production managers coordinate plant operations, staff and maintenance. Work can involve dispatch communication and coordination with water users and other stakeholders. U.S. pay and outlook use the broader industrial production managers occupation.

    RCE · 11-3051.06

  • Intelligence Analysts

    Intelligence analysts compare sources, distinguish established facts from uncertain judgments and brief authorized readers. U.S. law enforcement intelligence differs from mainland science and industry research. U.S. wages and projections cover the broader occupation only.

    ICE · 33-3021.06

  • Travel guides

    Travel guides coordinate trips, interpret sites and adapt plans when weather, transport or group needs change.

    SEC · 39-7012.00

  • Airline and Commercial Pilots

    Airline pilots usually fly fixed-wing aircraft on scheduled passenger or cargo routes. Commercial pilots may fly charter or other missions. U.S. BLS groups both under 53-2010. The occupation Commercial Pilots (53-2012) is distinct from a commercial pilot certificate. Verify licensing, ratings, operating rules, and operator training for the jurisdiction and role.

    RCE · 53-2011.00

  • Airline Pilots, Copilots, and Flight Engineers

    Airline pilots and copilots share flight, communication, monitoring and recordkeeping duties. The US category also covers flight engineers; Chinese pilot roles have their own classifications.

    RCE · 53-2011.00

  • Geothermal Production Manager

    Geothermal production managers coordinate plant output, staffing, maintenance and responses to operating problems. Clarify whether a job runs an electricity generating plant or a direct-use heating operation. U.S. pay and outlook cover the broader industrial production managers occupation.

    RCE · 11-3051.02

  • Brownfield redevelopment specialists and site managers

    Brownfield redevelopment specialists and site managers coordinate investigation, cleanup and reuse of contaminated sites. Reuse depends on evidence and approvals.

    CER · 11-9199.11

  • Driver/sales workers

    Deliver goods along a route and handle the sales duties assigned to the job. Check stock and proof of delivery, then record sales, replenishment or returns as applicable and reconcile under employer procedures.

    RCE · 53-3031.00

  • Demonstrators and product promoters

    Demonstrate products in stores or at booths, explain use and limits, answer questions and log common questions. Before taking a shift, ask whether it includes tastings, checkout or stock duties.

    EC · 41-9011.00

  • Bailiffs

    U.S. bailiffs maintain courtroom order, support safety and hand off people or materials under agency procedures. Mainland Chinese judicial police, contract judicial police assistants and court clerks have distinct roles. Recruitment notices provide examples of related work.

    RCE · 33-3011.00

  • Team assemblers

    Team assemblers coordinate across stations, build parts to drawings and work orders, and check the output. When rotating stations, they hand off completed work and items awaiting review.

    RCE · 51-2092.00

  • Sustainability specialists

    Sustainability specialists track measures such as energy, water or waste, assess the feasibility and cost of proposals, and make the basis of comparisons clear to project teams.

    IEC · 13-1199.05

  • Emergency management director

    Under U.S. O*NET-SOC 11-9161.00, coordinates the emergency management work of a jurisdiction or institution: assesses risk, drafts and updates emergency plans, organizes exercises and training, coordinates resources and agency responses during incidents, and organizes recovery and review afterwards.

    ECI · 11-9161.00

  • Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary

    Education administrators, kindergarten through secondary (US O*NET-SOC 11-9032.00, Education Administrators, Kindergarten through Secondary) are the schooling and instructional leadership positions for kindergarten through secondary education: planning, directing, or coordinating the academic and administrative and auxiliary activities of kindergartens and elementary and secondary schools; the work includes determining curriculum standards and performance goals and school improvement directions per education goals and regulations and data, observing teaching and reviewing learning materials to assess and unify curriculum and instruction, working with teachers to set curriculum standards and mission and performance goals, determining course offerings and scheduling and staffing and facility needs, organizing professional development, providing students with academic and behavioral and attendance guidance and enforcing discipline and attendance rules, communicating with parents and faculty, recruiting, training, and evaluating faculty and making personnel recommendations, preparing and submitting budgets and funding applications and authorizing procurement, arranging school buses and meals and facilities and building maintenance and safety, interpreting government regulations and developing compliance plans, liaising with government and businesses and the community and writing reports, and supervising student drop-off and pickup. US basis: the BLS 2025 wage data median is 105,870 US dollars per year (that source provides only the median and does not provide the 10/25/75/90 percentiles or an hourly basis); the O*NET summary page gives about 333,300 employed in 2024, a 2024—2034 projection of Decline (Decline, -1% or lower), and about 20,800 average annual openings for 2024—2034; the preparation level is Job Zone Five (SVP 8.0 and above), the education feedback is 62% master's degree and 27% bachelor's degree and 10% post-master's certificate, the interest code is SEC, and there are 33 tasks. Mainland China basis: the appointment qualification, engagement, assessment, and training of primary and secondary school principals and related management positions follow the Education Law and the Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic of China and the relevant provisions of the education administration department, and doing education and teaching work in primary and secondary schools requires obtaining the corresponding teacher qualification per the Teachers Law and the Regulations on Teacher Qualifications of the People's Republic of China. Public statistics have no occupation-level wage basis corresponding to this occupation established, and this page truthfully keeps the gap, with the industry average wage serving only as a visible industry proxy.

    SEC · 11-9032.00

  • Railroad Conductors and Yardmasters

    U.S. O*NET 53-4031.00 groups two work settings: conductors coordinate crews on passenger or freight trains, while yardmasters review schedules and switching sequences and coordinate work in the yard. Duties may overlap. In mainland China, check on-board passenger service, station operations and switching as separate roles.

    RCE · 53-4031.00

  • Bartenders

    Bartenders take orders, prepare drinks to recipes and guest requests, check applicable service requirements, and keep tickets and handovers clear. Hotel bars, restaurants and banquets differ in pace, stock duties and shifts.

    RCE · 35-3011.00

  • Editors

    Plan, review, and revise content to be published, verify facts, language, structure, style, and version, and coordinate authors and publication responsible persons.

    ACE · 27-3041.00

  • Captains, Mates, and Pilots of Water Vessels

    Captains, mates and vessel pilots support navigation through distinct command, watchkeeping and local pilotage duties.

    RCE · 53-5021.00

  • Concierge

    Concierges provide personal services to guests in hotels, apartments or office buildings, including relaying messages, arranging or advising on transport, business and entertainment matters, and following up on guest-room, maintenance and other requests, with responsibility for service arrangements, records and information boundaries.

    SEC · 39-6012.00

  • Training and development managers

    Plan, organise and evaluate employee learning programmes, coordinating courses, instructors, budgets and implementation; support improvement with needs and result evidence, and confirm professional, data and approval responsibility with the actual organisation.

    ESC · 11-3131.00

  • Residential Advisors

    Residential advisors coordinate resident needs, supplies, repairs, and referrals and maintain handoff records.

    SCE · 39-9041.00

  • Coroners

    Coroners carry statutory coordination of death investigations, but how the position is created, whether it must be held by a physician, and whether it can order an autopsy or issue documents all vary by jurisdiction; the core is to turn the scene, the body, identity, medical history and examination materials into a traceable conclusion.

    ICE · 13-1041.06

  • Restaurant Host

    Restaurant hosts greet guests, check reservations, manage waits and seat parties. They coordinate the pace of seating with servers or a shift lead. Some establishments combine these duties with other service tasks.

    SEC · 35-9031.00

  • Solar Energy Installation Managers

    Organize photovoltaic and solar thermal installation crews for residential or commercial projects, estimate personnel and materials, arrange construction and inspections, and coordinate technical issues, safety requirements and handover records. The core is making the plan, site progress, quality evidence and customer handover correspond to one another; a manager title does not replace electrical, structural or inspection authority.

    REC · 47-1011.03

  • Clinical research coordinators

    Plan, direct, or coordinate clinical research projects, direct the staff working on clinical research projects to ensure compliance with the trial protocol and overall clinical objectives, and possibly evaluate and analyze clinical data: arrange and perform participant-related procedures per protocol, screen participants and obtain and document informed consent, prepare and maintain study documents and records, monitor study activities to ensure compliance with the protocol and local and federal and state regulations and institutional policies, record adverse event and side effect data and discuss reporting with the investigator, verify source data against the case report form, and prepare for or take part in sponsor and regulatory agency quality assurance monitoring.

    ICE · 11-9121.01

  • Natural sciences managers

    Natural sciences managers (O*NET 11-9121.00) plan, direct, or coordinate activities and research and development work in fields such as life sciences, physical sciences, mathematics, and statistics: setting objectives and budgets, organizing research projects, and managing personnel and compliance requirements. This page uses only official sources to explain the occupation scope, tasks, preparation requirements, Chinese and United States statistical scopes, and authorization boundaries.

    IEC · 11-9121.00

  • Police and Sheriff's Patrol Officers

    Police and sheriff’s patrol officers respond to incidents in their jurisdiction, support scene safety and document actions taken. A handoff ties times and locations to the source of each observation.

    RCE · 33-3051.00

  • Industrial-Organizational Psychologists

    Industrial-organizational psychologists apply psychology and research methods to workplace problems. They may design job analyses, selection procedures, training or organizational surveys and explain where the evidence applies.

    IEC · 19-3032.00

  • Social and Human Service Assistants

    Social and human service assistants organize records, contact clients and resources, document progress, and route eligibility or case decisions to authorized staff.

    SCE · 21-1093.00

  • Ship Engineers

    Ship engineers coordinate shipboard machinery, electrical systems, and related maintenance. Watches and review responsibilities depend on vessel and rank.

    RCE · 53-5031.00

  • Probation officers and correctional treatment specialists

    Probation and correctional treatment roles track case conditions, services, and progress, then submit records or recommendations to authorized staff.

    SCE · 21-1092.00

  • Urban and regional planners

    Urban and regional planners turn land, population, transport, facility, and regulatory materials into discussable spatial plans and implementation recommendations, surveying the current situation, comparing alternatives, coordinating public comments, and keeping drawings and text consistent. It is not just drawing attractive maps: indicators, data versions, statutory procedures, and signing responsibility all have to be checked. US occupational statistics and Chinese territorial spatial planning practice conditions are explained separately.

    IEC · 19-3051.00

  • Disc Jockeys, Except Radio

    Disc Jockeys, Except Radio (United States side, O*NET-SOC 27-2091.00) is a position providing paid music and mood services for clients and live crowds: operating disc jockey controllers and microphones and other audio and video equipment, communicating activity information with clients or venue managers (music preferences, schedule, expected attendance), customizing the playlist by activity segment, assembling audio and video equipment and doing a sound check, selecting tracks and playing and mixing according to crowd preferences and mood, taking guest song requests, operating lighting and smoke and visual equipment and building mood and hosting party games, writing announcement scripts and booking contracts, issuing itemized invoices and promoting services through internet advertising and brochures; and after the event dismantling and inventorying equipment, collecting fees and reviewing and handing off. United States scope: for this occupation the BLS 2025 wage data hourly median is 21.61 US dollars, with hourly percentiles of 13.50／16.91／21.61／37.50／60.17 US dollars; that source publishes only the hourly scope for this occupation and does not publish an annual median wage or annual percentiles, and this page does not convert them on its own. The O*NET summary page gives employment of about 15,400 in 2024, growth of 3% to 4% in 2024—2034 (average) and about 1,500 projected job openings; the preparation level is Job Zone 1-2 (SVP below 6.0), the education feedback is 52% high school or equivalent and 36% less than high school and 4% some college no degree, with on-the-job training from a few days to a year; the interest code is AEC; the work context includes decision freedom very much 72%, use email every day 63%, dealing with external customers or the public extremely important 60%, working hours irregular 60%, public speaking weekly or more 48%, continuous standing 36%, continuous use of hands 44%, noise exposure weekly or more 32%, and level of competition extremely fierce 40%. Chinese mainland scope: this occupation has no uniform access-type individual certificate; holding a commercial performance requires an entity that has obtained a commercial performance operating license according to law to apply for approval under the Regulations on the Administration of Commercial Performances (promulgated by State Council Decree No. 439 of 2005, revised for the fourth time by State Council Decree No. 732 on 2020-11-29) and its implementing rules, and performance venue operating units and individual performers and individual performance brokers must file as prescribed; publicly playing or disseminating musical works must meet copyright and collective management requirements. Public statistics have not established an occupation-level wage scope corresponding to this occupation, and this page truthfully retains the gap.

    AEC · 27-2091.00

  • Economists

    Use data, models, and economic theory to explain phenomena, evaluate policy or market problems, and write the assumptions, uncertainty, and recommendations into a reviewable report.

    ICE · 19-3011.00

  • Climate change policy analysts

    Research and analyse climate change related policy developments and make climate-related recommendations for action such as legislation and awareness-raising activities or fundraising methods: collect and review research and regulations and data, analyse and distil research conclusions, write research reports and briefs and testimony, present and defend at meetings and in public, promote mitigation action and education and outreach, and prepare grant applications to obtain funding for projects.

    IEC · 19-2041.01

  • Environmental Economists

    Use economic principles and statistical techniques to assess the costs, benefits, and impacts of environmental protection and natural resource use options, and produce reviewable research conclusions and policy recommendations.

    IEC · 19-3011.01

  • Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors

    Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors (United States side O*NET-SOC 21-1012.00, Educational, Guidance, and Career Counselors and Advisors) is a guidance and counseling post in schools and institutions and agencies: providing students and job seekers with academic and career and further study and employment guidance and counseling and assessment and planning; the work includes assessing students' and clients' abilities and interests and needs and backgrounds, providing individual and group counseling and career planning, explaining assessment results and helping form academic and further study and employment and financial aid and life plans, assisting with course selection and applications and interviews and job search preparation, collaborating with teachers and parents and employers and institutions and agencies, maintaining interview and follow-up and confidentiality and referral records, handling confidentiality and informed consent and exceptions according to ethics, assessing and referring and reporting crises and high-risk situations according to the process, designing and implementing lectures and courses and programs and activities and evaluating their effects, carrying out prevention and advocacy and resource connection, and taking part in supervision and training and professional development. United States basis: BLS 2025 wage data median 64,330 USD per year (30.93 USD per hour; that source provides only the median and does not provide the 10/25/75/90 percentiles); the O*NET summary page gives 2024 employment of about 376,300, a 2024—2034 projection of "average (Average, 3% to 4%)" and about 31,000 projected openings for 2024—2034 (total for the projection period); the preparation level is Job Zone Five (SVP 8.0 and above), the interest code is SCE, and there are 35 tasks; the BLS Occupational Outlook Handbook separately gives growth of 3% and an average of about 27,800 openings per year on the 2025—2035 basis. Mainland China basis: the qualifications and training and supervision for posts related to school mental health education and career guidance follow the relevant provisions of education administrative departments and institutions, and where teaching and education work is involved the corresponding teaching qualification should be obtained in accordance with the Teachers Law of the People's Republic of China and the Regulations on Teacher Qualifications; this occupation is not equivalent to a clinical psychology or medical diagnosis post. Public statistics have not established an occupation-level wage basis corresponding to this occupation, and this page preserves the gap faithfully, with the industry average wage serving only as a visible industry proxy.

    SCE · 21-1012.00

  • Motorboat Operators

    Motorboat operators (O*NET-SOC 53-5022.00) operate small motorboats and may assist with navigation-related activities: operate throttles and steering mechanisms along planned routes and maintain course using compasses or electronic navigation aids; organize and direct crew work, handle mooring and unmooring at docks, and protect passengers and cargo under safety procedures; direct emergency safety responses, report navigation hazards, and maintain equipment such as fire extinguishers, lines, and pumps.

    RCE · 53-5022.00

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